高考阅读理解训练资讯专题（六）

　　高考阅读理解训练资讯专题（六）

　　1

　　Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.5 billion people lack basic sanitation.(卫生设备)

　　The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.

　　Consider these facts:

　　●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

　　●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water. and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

　　●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

　　Here are three ways you can help:

　　1)Write Congress

　　Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

　　2)Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

　　Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.

　　3)Support nonprofit water organizations

　　Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, other small-scale, some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.

　　1. The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that________.

　　A. poverty can result in water-borne diseases

　　B. people have no access to clean drinking water

　　C. women’s rights are denied in some developing countries

　　D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern

　　2. The intended readers of the passage are________.

　　A. Americans               

　　B. overseas sponsors

　　C. Congressmen   

　　D. U.S.-based water organizations

　　3. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to _________.

　　A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

　　B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups

　　C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

　　D. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

　　4. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

　　A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

　　B. A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.

　　C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

　　D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.

　　2

　　The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society －a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.

　　“My grandmothers didn’t do anything but keep house and serve everybody. They were programmed to do that,” said Emily Cornette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.

　　 While men have long spent their time fishing and playing golf, women have sometimes seemed to become unnoticed as they age. But the generation now turning 50 is the baby boomers(生育高峰期出生的人), and the same people who refused their parents’ way of being young are now trying a new way of growing old.

　　If you take into consideration feminism(女权主义), a bit of spare money, and better health for most elderly, the Red Hat Society looks almost inevitable(必然的). In this society, women over 50 wear red hats and purple(紫色的) clothes, while the women under 50 wear pink hats and light purple clothing.

　　“The organization took the idea from a poem by Jenny Joseph that begins: “When I am an old woman, I shall wear purple. With a red hat which doesn’t go,” said Ellen Cooper, who founded the Red Hat Society in 1998. When the ladies started to wear the red hats, they attracted lots of attention.

　　“The point of this is that we need a rest from always doing something for someone else,” Cooper said. “Women feel so ashamed and sorry when they do something for themselves.” This is why chapters are discouraged from raising money or doing anything useful. “We’re a ladies’ play group. It couldn’t be more simple,” added Cooper’s assistant Joe Heywood.

　　1．The underlined word “chapter” in paragraph 2 means __________.

　　A．one branch of an organization              

　　B．a written agreement of a club

　　C．one part of a collection of poems         D．a period in a society’s history

　　2．From the text , we know that the “baby boomers” are a group of people who         

　　A．have gradually become more noticeable                                

　　B．are worried about getting old too quickly 

　　C．are enjoying a good life with plenty of money to spend

　　 D．tried living a different life from their parents when they were young

　　3．It could be inferred from the text that members of the Red Hat Society are          .

　　A．interested in raising money for social work

　　B．programmers who can plan well for their future

　　C．believers in equality between men and women

　　D．good at cooking big meals and taking care of others

　　4．Who set up the Red Hat Society ?

　　A．Emily Cornette .   B．Ellen Cooper .   C．Jenny Joseph .    D．Joe Heywood .

　　5．Women join the Red Hat Society because          .

　　A．they want to stay young  

　　B．they would like to appear more attractive

　　C．they would like to have fun and live for themselves

　　D．they want to be more like their parents

　　3

　　 You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation（撤离）of an island nation—the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.

　　During the 20th century ,sea level rose 8—12 inches. As a result .Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has polluted the country’s drinking water.

　　 Paani Laupepa , a Tuvaluan government official ,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years .Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.

　　Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions（导致温室效应的气体排放）,which are a main cause of global warming . “By refusing to sign the agreement ,the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC.

　　Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries .

　　Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable （易受影响的）to rising sea levels .Maumoon Gayoon ,president of the Maldives ,told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “endangered nation”.

　　1．The text is mainly about           .

　　A．rapid changes in earth’s temperature 

　　B．bad effects of global warming

　　C．moving of a country to a new place       D．reasons for lowland flooding

　　2．According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is           .

　　A．greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nations

　　B．higher surface water temperatures of the sea

　　C．continuous global warming                  

　　D．rising sea levels

　　3．Laupepa was not satisfied with the United States because it did not        .

　　A．agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions

　　B．sign an agreement with Tuvalu

　　C．allow Tuvaluans to move to the US

　　D．believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real

　　4．The country whose situation is similar to that of Tuvalu is          .

　　A．Australia             B．New Zealand       C．the Maldives        D．the United States

　　4

　　 Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to juvenile obesity than under-exercising or overeating.

　　 Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big, influence ( 影响) upon a child' s weight, with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.

　　 The findings add heat to an already fierce political debate（争论）over childhood obesity. The Prime Minister, John Howard, last week decided that $116 million be Used for programs to deal with obesity, while the Opposition Leader, Mark Latham, recently announced that his party would move to protect children from unhealthy food advertisements.

　　Clare Collins a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail unless they influence the way of life of whole families. "If we can' t get parents to take action against their own weight problems, then we can' t expect to influence their kids," she said.

　　However, Professor, Louise Baur from the Children’ s Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether adult education programs offer any solution to weight problems. "Many parents know they need to lose weight and they know it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it.

　　The 10-year study of 150 American children found two-thirds of children with overweight parents became overweight. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight.  

　　 The president of the Australasian Society for the .Study of Obesity, Associate Professor Gary Wittert, said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party’s policy（政策） might be on the right track.

　　 "We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe, so we make law against it,” he said."Obesity is a major public health concern, so why shouldn’t we change the law regarding unhealthy food ads?"

　　1. What does the underlined phrase “juvenile obesity” mean?

　　A. Adult education.     B. Childhood overweight

　　C. Parents’ influence    D. Growing pains

　　2. What is TRUE about the programs supported by the Prime Minister?

　　A. Debates on them will become less fierce.

　　B. They will be effective in dealing with obesity.

　　C. A large sum of money will be spent on them.

　　D. They will influence people' s way of life.

　　3.Both Collins and Baur believe that overweight parents_______,

　　A. will come up with .better solutions

　　B. will help with their children' s education

　　C. should be more active in reducing weight

　　D. should carry out at least 10 years' study

　　4. According to some experts, the Opposition Party's policy________.

　　A. can help fight against unemployment

　　B. may protect kids from unhealthy food ads

　　C. should be brought back to the right track

　　D. will work well to prevent traffic accidents

　　5

　　Tragedy at the Circus

　　In yesterday’s circus（马戏团）show, a tiger suddenly attacked its trainer and had to be shot dead. As the circus packed up and left, circus officials said the show would go on, even without tigers.

　　However, the officials can’t simply turn a blind eye to the ethical problems left behind. Even before this tragedy(悲剧), animal rights activists protested against keeping wild animals in unnatural conditions and forcing them to suffer for the profit(利润) of circus organizers.

　　It is now time for us to take effective steps to make sure that circus animals are treated properly.

　　*******************************

　　Circus Safe for Animals

　　Our circus recently suffered a most tragic event in its history. While we are thankful for the pity from the public, we are also astonished by the opinion expressed in “Tragedy at the Circus.”

　　First, our performing animals are not taken from the wild. As to the ethical problems. we always believe humans and animals can—and should—live together nicely. To us, the performing animals are representatives of their species(物种), and our circus is one of the only places left willing to support this special role of performing animals in the existence of the species. Those who argue that circus life is harmful to animals show little knowledge of these facts. Life in the “wild” is unsafe, but a continuous struggle for existence. To overlook these realities is the greatest fault against the animal kingdom.

　　This circus has proven that animals are stronger and smarter than we could imagine. Within the circus is a joyful atmosphere for both animals and humans: people are educated, and species saved.

　　1.What is the main purpose of the first passage?

　　A.To show pity for the performing animals. 

　　B.To express worries about animal trainers' safety. 

　　C.To deal with the difficult situations of the circus.

　　D.To call for action to protect circus animals.

　　2.What will the circus most probably do?

　　A.Take no notice of the tragedy.

　　B.Continue its performances.

　　C.Use fewer wild animals.

　　D.Limit its profit.

　　3.What does the circus think of its performing animals?

　　A.They are as clever as human beings.

　　B.They struggle continuously with human beings for existence.

　　C.They are helpful in saving their species.

　　D.They have equally natural living conditions as wild animals.

　　4.What is the most probable relationship between the two passages?

　　A.A public request and a newspaper report.

　　B.A newspaper article and a reply to it.

　　C.Two parts of a newspaper article.

　　D.Two newspaper reports.

　　6

　　Phillip Island Penguins(企鹅)

　　The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations. Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch s summer sunset at Summerland Beach – the stage is attractively set to see the little Penguin leave water and step onto land.

　　·Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm for a direct journey to Phillip Island.

　　·See the Gippsland area – Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm(蚯蚓)

　　·Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance

　　·Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island – natural home for Little Penguins and many animals

　　·Take your place in special viewing stands(看台) to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little Penguins

　　Ultimate Penguins (+U)

　　Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses.

　　Adult(成人) $60.00         Child $30.00

　　Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V)

　　More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands.

　　Adult $25.00         Child $12.50

　　Penguin Skybox (+S)

　　Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach.

　　Adult 16years +$50.00

　　1. What kind of people is the text mainly written for?

　　A. Scientists.      B. Students       

　　C. Tourists.         D. Artists.

　　2. We can learn from the text that Little Penguins__________.

　　A. have been on Phillip Island for years

　　B. keep a Guinness record for their size

　　C. are trained to practice diving for visitors

　　D. live in large groups to protect themselves

　　3. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour?

　　A. $37.50.  

　　 B. $62.50. 

　　C. $180.00.  

　　 D. $150.00.

　　参考答案

　　1

　　1.D

　　2.A

　　3.C

　　4.B

　　1. 解析：这是一道细节题。根据短文中“Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate.”可判断出安全饮水是最基本的需要。. 解析：这是一道推断题。根据短文中多次提到U.S.可判断出这篇短文的读者可能是美国人。. 解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了全球缺乏饮用水的问题，号召人们与之作斗争。. 解析：TUD根据最后一段的题目Support nonprofit water organization可推断出以下是各个组织的名单。

　　.A

　　2.D

　　3.C

　　4.B

　　5.C

　　1. 解析：这是一道猜义题。根据其定语“of the 7－year－old Red Hat Society”可猜测出这个词的意思是“某个组织的一个分部”。. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。第三段“But the generation now turning 50 is the baby boomers，and the same people who refused their parents’ way of being young are now trying a new way of growing old.”说明她们想过一种新的生活。. 解析：这是一道推断题。根据这篇短文的内容可推断出这个组织的成员相信男女平等。. 解析：这是一道细节题。从倒数第二段“Ellen Cooper，who founded the Read Hat Society in 1998”可知，Ellen Cooper创建了这个组织。. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段“Enter the Red Hat Society—a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.”可判断出她们参加这个组织的目的是获得乐趣和爱。.B

　　2.B

　　3.A

　　4.C

　　1. 解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文主要讲述了全球变暖造成的恶劣影响。. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段“Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.”可判断出造成严重的暴风雨的直接原因是海洋表面水的气温太高。. 解析：这是一道细节题。第四段第一句话表示Laupepa对美国不满意的原因是美国拒绝签署减少温室效应气体排放的公约。. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段可判断出the Maldives与Tuvalu的情况相似。

　　.B

　　2.C

　　3.C

　　4.B

　　1. 解析：这是一道猜义题。根据第二段“Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big influence upon a child’s weight， with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.”可猜测出juvenile obesity的意思是“过于肥胖”。. 解析：这是一道判断正误题。根据第三段“The Prime Minister， John Howard， last week decided that$116 million be used for programs to deal with obesity”可判断出C项是正确的。. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第四段和第五段的内容可判断出Collins和Baur相信，肥胖的父母亲应该更加积极地减肥。. 解析：这是一道推断题。根据最后两段的内容可推断出反对党的政策是保护孩子不受不健康的食物的伤害。

　　.D

　　2.B

　　3.C

　　4.B

　　1．这是一道主旨题。第一个短文是一个资讯，介绍了马戏团出现了老虎袭击训兽狮后被击毙的悲剧，从而说明动物进入马戏团是悲惨不幸的，号召人们保护马戏团的动物，选D.．这是一道推理题。根据第一段中“As the circus packed up and left ,circus officials said the show would go on, even without tigers.”说明马戏团还将继续演出，选B.．这是一道细节推断题。根据“To us, the performing animals are representatives of their species, and our circus is one of the only places left willing to support this special role of performing animals in the existence of the species.”所以马戏团认为他们保护了表演动物的物种。．这是一道推理题。根据两篇文中的内容，第一个是说马戏团里的动物生活悲惨，第二个说马戏团认为他们保护了动物。两篇文中针锋相对，第一篇显然是资讯，而第二篇是针对第一篇的反击。

　　.C

　　2.A

　　3.B

　　1．这是一道主旨题。文中主要讲述了去参观菲利普岛企鹅的行程和价格，显然是一个旅游广告，所以主要面向旅游者。．这是一道细节题。从第一句“The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations”这些小企鹅在未知的年代就叫菲利普岛企鹅了，可知年代非常久远。．这是一道计算题。成人的参观费用是$25，儿童是$12.5,两个大人和总共$62.5。