2017届高考英语考前冲刺专题强化形容词及副词
一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是近几年高考的热点，其中句型“倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as”和“倍数＋more than...”更是常考项目。
1．表示倍数的5个句型：
(1)．..times as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
(2)．..times
the＋性质名词＋of...
(3)．..times＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
(4)．..times that of...
(5)．..times what it was...
2．同级的比较，用as...as，the same...as结构。
3．“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”表示“越……，越……”。
4．“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
5．“the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词复数”表示“两者中较……的一个”。
6．用介词by表示相差的程度。
7．一个人的两种品性的比较，用“more...than...”结构。
8．“否定词＋比较级”相当于最高级。
9．比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：
any other＋单数名词
all(the)other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋anyone else
any of the other＋复数名词
the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词
[典例1] (2011年高考江西卷)—The film is，I have to say，not a bit interesting.
—Why? It's________than the films I have ever seen.A．far more interesting
B．much less interesting
C．no more interesting
D．any less interesting
[解析] 句意：“我不得不说，这部电影一点儿也没意思。”“为什么？它比我曾看过的电影有趣多了。”根据Why？可知第二句应与第一句持相反观点，即“认为电影有趣”。而选项中只有A项表示有趣。far 用在比较级前表示程度较大的差异。
[答案] A
[典例2] Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's，but it cost ________his.
A．as much twice as
B．twice as much as
C．much as twice as
D．as twice much as
[解析] 本题句意应为：彼得的夹克看上去与杰克的相同，但价格却是他的两倍。表达倍数可用“倍数词＋as＋adj./adv.＋as”结构。
[答案] B
二、形容词作状语
形容词用作状语在中学课本中出现过。
He stood there，full of fear.他站在那儿，充满了恐惧。
He returned home，safe and sound.他安然无恙地回到了家。
He went to bed，cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地去睡觉了。
形容词作状语和副词作状语的区别：
形容词作状语是补充说明句中主语的状态，实际相当于一个“主＋系＋表”句子的省略，该形容词实际上是句中的表语；副词则是修饰句中动词或整个句子的。
He told us the good news，excited.
他把那个好消息告诉了我们，他非常兴奋。
比较：He told us the good news excitedly.
他非常兴奋地把那个好消息告诉了我们。
三、形容词、副词的辨析
1．词形相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析
[典例3] Lots of families once suffering poverty are now living in ________comfort and some of them are even wealthy now.
A．competitive
B．conservative
C．comparative
D．comprehensive
[解析] 本题考查形容词辨析。根据语境判断，此处表示人们生活在“相对的”安逸中。comparative相对的；competitive竞争的；conservative保守的；comprehensive广泛的，综合的。
[答案] C
2．词义相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析
[典例4] Mistakes don't just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake becomes ________.
A．favourable
B．precious
C．essential
D．worthwhile
[解析] worthwhile意为“值得做的，有价值的”，符合题意。此处意为“犯错误是值得的”。favourable有利的，赞同的；precious珍贵的；essential本质的。
[答案] D
3．形式上易混淆的形容词和副词
有些词尾加ly的词是形容词而不是副词，如friendly，lovely等。有些副词词尾加不加ly意义不同，如：deep“深”，指具体概念，deeply“深深地”，指抽象概念；high“高”，指具体概念，highly“高度地”，指抽象概念；wide宽阔地，widely广泛地；free免费地，freely自由地等。
四、特殊比较结构所表示的意义
1．more的几个短语
more than多于，不仅仅，不只；no more than“仅仅，只是(＝only)”，后面接名词或数词；more...than...与其说……倒不如说……。
—Tom is wise enough to achieve his success.
—But in my opinion，he is more lucky than wise.
[典例5] —Do you need any help，Lucy?
—Yes.The job is ________I could do myself.
A．less than
B．more than
C．no more than
D．not more than
[解析] 根据语境判断，Lucy需要对方的帮助，这说明以她一个人的能力不能完成这份工作。因此用more than表示工作难度大。
[答案] B
2．would rather do sth.than do sth./prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.表示“宁愿……不愿……”。
He would rather beg in the street than get money in such a dishonest way.
3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级表示“越……越……”。
The more the fans watched the football game，the more excited they became.
4．比较级＋and＋比较级表示“越来越……”；多音节则用“more and more＋原级”。
As we were watching the football game，we were becoming more and more excited.
高分秘笈
识别特殊的形容词
1．以a开头的形容词多作表语，若作定语，须后置。此类形容词不用very修饰，但可用其他副词修饰。
The fish is alive.
He is a great man alive.
2．某些表示健康状况或感觉反应的形容词只作表语。如：faint，ill，glad，pleased，sorry，well，content等。
3．下列以ly结尾的词是形容词，不是副词：lively活泼的；lonely孤独的；lovely可爱的；deadly致命的；friendly友好的；ugly丑陋的；silly傻的；motherly慈母般的；brotherly兄弟般的；sickly多病的；likely可能的；kindly关怀的。如：a sickly child一个多病的孩子；be likely of success有可能成功；an ugly wound一个丑陋的伤口；a friendly match一场友谊赛。
1．(2011年高考江西卷)She has already tried her best.Please don't be too ________about her job.
A．special B．responsible
C．unusual
D．particular
解析：句意：她已经尽力了，请不要过分挑剔她的工作。be particular about...“对……苛求、挑剔”，是固定结构。
答案：D
2．(2011年高考陕西卷)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________ the present one.
A．as three times big as
B．three times as big as
C．as big as three times
D．as big three times as
解析：句意：正在建的下一届亚运会的新体育馆是现在的体育馆的3倍大。本题考查倍数表达法的句型，该题中体现的倍数表达法的句型是：倍数＋as...as...。
答案：B
3．(2011年高考福建卷)Nowadays, there is a________increase in children's creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
A．sharp
B．slight
C．natural
D．modest
解析：句意：现在，孩子的创造力剧增，因为我们都非常鼓励他们发展自己的天赋。sharp 急剧的；slight 稍微的，极小的；natural 自然的；modest 谦逊的。由语境greatly encouraged (极力鼓励)可知a sharp increase in children's creativity(孩子的创造力的剧增)，故A项正确。
答案：A
4．(2011年高考浙江卷)The professor could tell by the ________ look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.
A．cold
B．blank
C．innocent
D．fresh
解析：cold冷的；blank空白的，茫然的；innocent 无罪的，天真的；fresh 新鲜的。句意：教授能够从玛丽亚眼里的茫然表情看出她对于他的演讲一点儿都不懂。表示“茫然的”用blank。
答案：B
5．(2011年高考浙江卷)I've been writing this report ________ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
A．finally
B．immediately
C．occasionally
D．certainly
解析：finally 最后，终于；immediately 立即，马上；occasionally 偶尔；certainly 当然。句意：在过去的两周里，我偶尔在写这份报告，但是明天就必须要上交了。根据句意和逻辑，此处应表示没完成之意，所以空格处用occasionally。
答案：C