2017届高考英语考前冲刺：难点重点大盘点

　　2017届高考英语考前冲刺难点重点大盘点

　　一．IT句型

　　1.It +be + 一段时间 +before 从句

　　2.It + be+ 一段时间 + since从句

　　3.It + be+ 时间 + when从句

　　4.It + be+ 强调部分 + that从句

　　注意:It was at this shop that you bought the watch, wasn’t it ?

　　对比before / when

　　1) It will be midnight

　　when

　　they get home.

　　2) It was evening

　　D

　　we reached the little town of Winchester.

　　A. that

　　B until

　　C. since

　　D. before

　　3) -- Were you early enough to catch the metro last night?

　　--Much too late! It was already midnight

　　D

　　I got to the station

　　none was going. (易错选A)

　　A. when, as

　　B. that, before

　　C. since, until

　　D. before, when

　　强调句 被强调部分指人时 that/ who 均可

　　e.g. It was

　　A

　　our teacher thought highly of.

　　A. them that

　　B. them who

　　C. those

　　D. he who

　　疑似强调句

　　e.g.----I can’t find Mr Smith .Where did you meet him this morning?

　　----It was in the hotel

　　C

　　he stayed.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　解析：It was in the hotel (where he stayed) that I met Mr.Smith

　　whom / which/ that 在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略

　　e.g. It is in Qingdao

　　A

　　you’re going to pay a visit to

　　this kind of washing machine is produced.

　　A. /, that

　　B. where, which

　　C. /, where

　　D. that, which

　　二.抽象名词具体化

　　1. success( 成功 )

　　/

　　a success(一个成功的人或事 )

　　2. study( 研究 )

　　/

　　a study( 研究论文,研究报告;一项具体的研究 )

　　3. pleasure( 快乐,愉快 )

　　/

　　a pleasure( 一件高兴的事 )

　　4. kindness( 仁慈,友好 )

　　/

　　a kindness(一件好事,帮一次忙 )

　　5. honour( 荣誉,光荣 )

　　/

　　a honour(一个光荣的人或一件光荣的事

　　)

　　6. surprise( 惊讶 )

　　/

　　a surprise(一个惊喜 )

　　三.主动表被动动词类

　　1. 某些实义动词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义(sell, wash, write, last, read, wear )等.这种”动词+副词”结构常表示事物内部特有的属性.

　　Eg:1). This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.

　　2).The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.

　　3).Written in simple English, this article reads easily.

　　2. 某些及物动词转为不及物动词后,其主动形式表示被动意义,如open( 打开,营业 ), close ( 关门 ),shut ( 关闭 ),cut ( 切割 ), weigh ( 重 ), act ( 上演 )等.

　　Eg:1) The door won’t shut.

　　2).This shop opens much earlier than it used to.

　　3).Each stone weighs 2 tons.

　　3. 某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, , cost 以及短语,如,come out( 出版 ) , come up( 出现 ) , come into being( 产生 ), come to one’s mind( 想起 ), turn out( 证明是 ), come about( 发生 ), break out( 爆发 ), belong to( 属于 )等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式.

　　Eg:1).The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.

　　2).Suddenly an idea came to his mind.

　　3).It never occurred to me to phone you.

　　四.虚拟语气

　　1.

　　It’s + ( high / about ) time + ( that ) +从句(从句谓语动词用过去式)

　　2. 主语 + would rather +( that ) 从句(从句谓语动词用过去式)

　　3.

　　It is / was the first time +从句 （从句谓语动词用完成时态 ）

　　4. must (can’t/couldn’t)+v /have done 肯/否定推测(注意must的反意疑问句)

　　5. should +have done也可表肯定推测，程度比must弱，意为“按道理/估计应该”

　　6. should(not) / ought(not) to +v /have done

　　虚拟语气(本该 / 不该…)

　　7. suggest / insist+宾语从句（动词用陈述 / 虚拟语气的区别）

　　◆从句中谓语动词应该用一般过去式 （ 虚拟语气）总结

　　1) It’s + ( high / about ) time + ( that ) +从句(从句谓语动词用过去式)

　　It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。

　　　 It is time that the children went to bed.

　　　 It is high time that the children should go to bed.

　　例题：

　　It is high time that you stop hanging about and started looking for a job.

　　解析：

　　It is high time that 从句中谓语动词应该用一般过去式，stop应改为stopped.

　　2) as if + 与现在的事实相反

　　Nobody likes her because she always behaves as if she is a queen.

　　解析：

　　as if 后面的从句与现在的事实相反，应该用一般过去式表示虚拟语气，be动词应改为were.

　　3）主语 + would rather +( that ) 从句 （表示与现在事实相反）

　　I would rather I did not go home everyday.

　　?表示与将来事实相反，从句用现在时 I would rather you not stay here tomorrow.

　　五. 情态动词

　　1. will/shall的用法.

　　shall----在疑问句中用于第一，三人称的句子中表示征求意见，询问或请示.

　　will---在疑问句中用于第二人称的句子中表示征求意见

　　Eg:1)Where shall I wait for you?

　　2)Shall he come at once?

　　3)Will you go for a walk with us?

　　shall----在肯定句中用于第二，三人称的句子中表示决心,命令,警告,允诺等.

　　4)She shall have the book when I finish reading.

　　5)You shall fail if you don’t work harder.

　　6)He shall be punished.

　　shall ---在肯定句中用于第一人称(I, we)的句子中,表示将来时态 ,其他人称用will, will可用作情态动词, 表示:”愿意”,主要用于第一人称

　　Eg:

　　7) I won’t argue with you.

　　will---1)表单纯的将来事实; 2)可表示没有经过事先考虑只是在说话时做出的决定(be going to表示事先经过考虑或事先做好安排.); 3)在祈使句之后的附加疑问句中用will you, won’t you.

　　Eg: 8) I’ll start tomorrow.

　　9)I’ll meet you a 5 o’clock.

　　10)They’re going to be married next May.

　　11)Bring the fruit up to the dining room, will you?

　　12)Don’t forget your key, will you?

　　2. need / want / require + doing / to be done-----当主语与动词构成被动时

　　need / dare可做行为动词或情态动词(一般用在疑问句,否定句和条件句中

　　注意:固定用法

　　1)I dare say…我想,我认为… / I dare swear…我确信…

　　2)Don’t you dare (习语 )用于郑重告诉某人不要做某事.

　　Eg: Don’t you dare tell my parents about this.

　　3) There is no need to do sth/ for sth

　　It’s necessary ( for sb)to do sth

　　There is no possibility of sth

　　It’s possible (for sb)to do sth

　　There is no doubt about sth./that clause

　　2.could / was(were) able to

　　当be able to用作一般过去时时，则常常不是单纯地表示过去的“能力”，“潜力”或“可能性”，而是把“能力”和“成功“（完成）这两层意思结合起来，而且强调的往往是后者。

　　eg：1.)I could pass the examination.

　　我曾有能力通过考试.

　　2) I was able to pass the examination.

　　我成功地通过了考试.

　　=I succeeded in passing/ managed to pass the examination（表示确实通过了考试.）

　　3)I was able to solve the problem quickly.

　　我很快就把问题解决了.

　　◆

　　— Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.

　　— You ___D___ it in the wrong place.

　　A. must put

　　B. should have put

　　C. might put

　　D. might have put

　　六．代词 it / one(ones)/ that(those)

　　one泛指,指代前面提过的那类人或物,用于指代可数名词,其复数形式ones前一般要用定语,否则就用some; that特指,指代前面提到过的那类物,用于指代不可数名词或可数名词单数, it特指,指代前面提到过的那个物,用于指代不可数名词或可数名词单数

　　注意:that替代带定冠词的名词, 而one替代不定词的名词

　　:that只能带后置定语,而one既可带后置定语,也可带前置定语.

　　1) Someone is knocking at the door, but who can _______be?

　　2) The question was a complicated________.

　　3) I have a pen. My uncle gave ________ to me.

　　4) The girl I saw was older than ____________you were dancing with.

　　5) My seat was next to ________of the mayor.

　　6) _____ is your Mum on the phone.

　　7) The first question is _______which Jackson has anticipated.

　　8) Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____didn’t help.

　　9) The weather in Kunming is better than _______ in Wuhan.

　　10) Tom has a red pen and a blue_______ (two blue________).

　　Keys:

　　1.it

　　2.one.

　　3.it

　　4.the one

　　5.that

　　6.It

　　7. one

　　8. it

　　9.that

　　10. one/ones

　　◆Few pleasures can equal ____C_____of a cool drink on a hot day.

　　A. some

　　B. any

　　C. that

　　D. those

　　解析：很少有什么事情能比在热天喝一杯冷饮更爽了。that指代the pleasure

　　七.冠词特殊小结:

　　1.Jim is _______most diligent student , but he isn’t _______most diligent student in our class.

　　A .a, a

　　B .a, the

　　C. the, the

　　D. the, a

　　2. He became ______monitor of our class.

　　A. /

　　B. one

　　C. a

　　D. the

　　3. ______president is _______most powerful person in ______United States.

　　A. /, the, the

　　B. The, the , the

　　C. /, the , /

　　D. The, the , /

　　4. ---Do you think the weather is good for a picnic?

　　---Yes. You couldn’t hope for _____at this time of year.

　　A. a nice day

　　B. the nicer day

　　C. the nicest day

　　D. a nicer day

　　5. The best job is ______which uses your skill in doing sth. together with your interest in the subject.

　　A. sth

　　B. the one

　　C. one

　　D. it （对比 六 7.）

　　6. ____will bring ________under control.

　　A. The men, natures

　　B. Man, the nature

　　C. The man, the nature

　　D. Man, nature

　　7.

　　He was born in ______autumn of 1985.

　　A. a

　　B. the

　　C. an

　　D./

　　8. He had __quick breakfast and hurried to school. A. /

　　B. the

　　C.one

　　D. a

　　Keys: .1-8 B,A,B,D,C,D,B,D

　　?a most=very

　　?bring sth. Under control

　　?季节 单用0冠词 特指加the

　　?the president / the U.S.

　　?man / nature

　　get close to nature

　　?a quick breakfast

　　?

　　大家都知道USA和UK前都要加定冠词the，但是为什么在商标上却写的是made in USA而不是made in the USA？

　　因为用在商标上的时候指的是一个地址，用于地址是不用加the, 就象你往美国写信，最后写usa就可以了，也不需要加the. 表示国家时才要the.

　　九.非谓语动词

　　? 否定式:not / never+ to do / doing / done

　　? 形容词性物主代词 / 名词 ’s + not +V.ing

　　(his/Tom’s not coming)

　　句首不用宾格人称代词!

　　? 主从复合句(主从句主语一致时,从句可改为分词短语, 反之则改为独立主格结构)

　　1.____many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. A. having been told

　　B. Having told

　　C. Though he had been told

　　D. He had been told

　　2.All preparations for the task_______, we’re ready to start.

　　A. completed

　　B. complete

　　C. had been completed

　　D. have been completed

　　3._____ down the radio while the baby is sleeping.

　　A. Turning

　　B. To turn

　　C. Turned

　　D. Turn

　　Keys: .D,A,D

　　十.情景会话难点:

　　1) I can’t agree more / I don’t agree.

　　2) I don’t believe so. / I don’t believe it.

　　3) （There’s ）No doubt ./ （It’s）No wonder. （怪不得）

　　4) Sure, go ahead./ No, go ahead.

　　5) It doesn’t matter.（sorry）/ Not at all.（Thanks）

　　6) No way./ No problem.（Sorry）

　　7) With pleasure./ My pleasure.

　　8) Congratulations. / Glad to hear that./ Good luck.

　　9) That’s right./ That’s all right./ All right.

　　10) What for?/ What if?/ Why not?

　　11) It/That depends. （那得看情况）

　　12) Come on. （快点）

　　13) It will do.

　　14) Make it. / Got it.

　　15) Forget it./ Let it be.

　　16) Take your time./ Take it easy.

　　17) Cheers! 干杯！用于祝酒

　　18) Don’t mention it （Thanks）/

　　Forget it （Sorry）

　　1) take your time的意思是慢慢来，侧重于做事速度

　　2) take it easy 的意思是别着急，侧重于心理状态

　　3) let it be

　　[口]随(他[它])去

　　任(他[它])那样吧 顺其自然吧

　　4) forget it 不必在意

　　e.g. "I'm sorry I broke the glass." " Forget it." "对不起,我打碎了你的玻璃杯。" "不必在意。"

　　5) how come

　　[口]何以会...;为什么

　　How come 单独用为"怎么回事？""怎么搞的？"之意，比方说你跟朋友打招呼问，how are you? 他若说 Not so good，你就可以问How come? 想知道发生了什么。这里Why？也可以代替使用~

　　若是跟句用，比如说 有人告诉你某某事，你说 "How come i didnt know?" 意思是说，我怎么不知道？这里Why 就不经常使用了，因为语法不通。

　　6) make it后面要加一个宾语补足语，而宾语补足语一般是名词或名词性的短语，所以在要说make it 7:00。

　　make it 是英语口语中十分有用的一个习语，但由于篇幅等原因，许多词典对它的解释都很简单，有的连例句都没有。但近年来，它在各类考题似乎比较活跃，不仅大学四六级英语考试常常考它，就是连高考也开始对它青睐有加。故本文拟对其用法作一归结，且给出了丰富的例句，以帮助同学们准确把握理解。

　　用法一

　　表示事业获得成功

　　You will make it if you try. 你会成功的，如果你努力的话。

　　He’s never really made it as an actor. 他当演员从未有所成就。

　　用法二

　　表示某人做成某事

　　You needn’t worry; he will make it. 你不必担心，他会办成的。

　　If you want to make it, better get doing. 如果你想把这事干成，就该动手了。

　　I can’t make it on Friday. It’s very short notice. 星期五我办不好，时间太短了。

　　Many high-wire walkers died on their last step, thinking they had made it. 许多走绳索者死在最后一步上，这时他们认为已经表演成功了。

　　I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last. 我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶，但最后他还是爬上去了。

　　用法三

　　表示设法做到某事

　　I’ve been having violin lessons every two weeks, but I think I’ll make it every week from now on. 我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课，但是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。

　　用法四

　　表示及时赶上火车等

　　The train leaves in five minutes—we’ll never make it. 火车再有五分钟就开了——我们绝对赶不上了。

　　The train won’t leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make it. 离开车还有10分钟，我想我们能赶得上。

　　用法五

　　表示及时抵达某地

　　We are too late; I don’t think we can make it. 我们太迟了，我想我们难以准时赶到了。

　　He says he’ll come on time, but he’ll never make it. 他说他明天准时来，但他绝对做不到。

　　I’m really sorry, but I won’t be able to make it on Sunday after all. 真的很抱歉，我星期天根本赶不到。

　　If you can’t make it Friday, we can invite somebody else. 如果你星期五赶不到，我们可邀请其他人。

　　用法六

　　表示约定时间

　　“When shall we meet again?” “Make it any day you like; it’s all the same to me.” “我们什么时候再次碰头?”“随你定在哪天，我无所谓。”

　　Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office. 我们把时间定在星期二早上七点，地点就在我办公室。

　　“Shall we make it next week?” “OK, let’s make it next week.” “下个星期可以吗？”“好的，咱们就定在下个星期吧。”

　　Let’s make it at 8:30. Is that all right for you? 我们约定在8点半吧，这对你合适吗?

　　用法七

　　表示病情好转

　　The doctor knew that the patient was unlikely to make it. 医生知道那个病人没什么希望了。

　　He had a high fever, but it doesn’t mean he couldn’t make it. 他发高烧，但这并不意味着他挺不过去。

　　用法注意，以下make it…结构中的it为形式宾语：

　　I have to make it clear that my family is poor. 我得说清楚我家里很穷。

　　He made it a rule to take part in physical labour. 他规定自己应参加体力劳动。

　　I make it a rule to write in my diary every night. 我把每晚写日记当成一种习惯。

　　“Where is my tea?” “I’m just going to make it.”“我的茶呢?”“我这就沏。”

　　7) got it 大多说情况下是表示赞同的意思。这里基本上就是简单的“好的”的意思。在别人要求你做一件事时，说“I got it" 其实指的是我知道了，我会做的意思。口语化说法。

　　8) never mind 没关系，不用担心

　　接受道歉 / 在别人未能满足自己要求时作答 / 或用来安慰别人，

　　例如：

　　1.－My broke my cup yesterday, it's been my company for 3 years.

　　－Never mind, I'll buy you another one.

　　2. Did you miss the bus? Never mind, there'll be another one in five minutes.

　　你没赶上公共汽车吗? 不要紧, 五分钟后就来一辆.’

　　3. Never mind, we can doss down in the car. 不要紧，我们可以睡在汽车里。

　　4. Never mind. Accident will happen. 没关系。难免会有意外。

　　十一、其他

　　【apart from】 又作 aside from [尤美]

　　1) 除了，只是，用于引出相反细节：

　　e.g. This essay’s good apart from a couple of spelling mistakes.

　　除了有几个拼写错误，这篇文章写得不错。

　　2) except for 除…以外，把…排除在外，不计：

　　e.g. Apart from the occasional visit, what does Alan do for his kids?

　　阿伦除了偶尔去探望一下，还为孩子们做些什么？

　　【occur to sb】 [T 不用被动态] （主意或想法突然浮现在脑中；被想起；被想到）

　　1) it occurs to sb that

　　e.g. Didn’t it occur to you that your husband might be late?

　　你当时没有想到你丈夫也许会晚到吗？

　　　e.g. The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to her.

　　她压根儿没有想到自己可能会错。

　　2) it occurs to sb to do sth

　　e.g. I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police?

　　我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧？

　　?10 o’clock sharp

　　10点整

　　sharp adv.整

　　? take the blame for 负过失的责任

　　?It is that intensity, along with the low cost and low risk, that causes the real danger of cyber lover.

　　?walk the wire

　　走钢丝

　　carry 相关词组

　　carry sth. by hand 手提某物

　　carry a baby in one's arms[on one's back] 抱[背]着一个孩子

　　carry a wounded soldier on a stretcher 用担架抬伤员

　　carry a work through the press 出版著作

　　经典改错题

　　1. She was so kind that I could do nothing but to accept her help.

　　解析：

　　nothing but后面接动词原形，故D项应该改为：accept。

　　2. When it turned out, the badly wounded soldier was the old man’s long lost son.

　　解析：

　　改为：as。

　　3. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it was before the West was settled.

　　解析：

　　改为：as it had (had), 表示：作为一个民族，美国再也不具有他西部开发以前的那种冒险精神了。

　　经典单选题

　　1. -wouild you like(B),sir?

　　-no,thanks.i have had much.

　　A.some more oranges B.some more orange

　　析：由回答句much可知orange作不可数名词

　　2. many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in (A) international trade today. A. B.the

　　析：international trade泛指“国际贸易”

　　3. i intended to dompare notes with a friend, but unfortunately (A) couldn'tspare me even one minute. A.they B.one C.who D.it

　　析：but表示并列的转折句，they作后面句子的主语，指朋友

　　4. few pleasures can equal (C) of a cool drink on a hot day.

　　A.some B.any C.that D.those

　　析:pleasure是感觉，而非物质

　　5.-are you still busy?

　　-yes. i (am just finishing) my work, and it won't take long.

　　析：yes暗示一直都在忙，故后文用进行时表示持续的工作状态

　　6. scientists think that the continents (B) always where they (B) today.

　　A.weren't;are B.aren't;were

　　析：此句译为科学家认为今时的这块陆地不在以前所在的位置

　　今是主句，以前是状语从句，故B

　　7. -excuse me,sir. would you do me a favor?

　　-of course. what is it?

　　-i (B) if you could tell me how to fill out this form.

　　A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder

　　析：表示犹豫时的持续思考状态

　　8. all morning as she waired for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness (B).

　　A.is growning B.grew

　　析：由waired和all morning知后句用同样的时态

　　9. (B) the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

　　A.the president attended B.the president's attending

　　析：句子缺主语，动名词充当主语