1._______ n.分离；分开→_______v.分开；分离 2. _______vi＆vt.服从；顺从 3. _______ vt.抓住；逮住；夺取 4. _______adj.守时的；准时的 5. _______n.巧合 6. _______ n.&vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 7. _______adj.明显的；显然的→_______adv.清楚地；明显地 8. _______adj.有效率的；效率高的→_______adv.有效率地；效率高地 9. _______ n.尽力；竭力 10. ______vt.消化 11. ______ vt.采用；收养 12. ______ vt.请教；咨询 13. ______ adj.破旧的；褴褛的 14. ______ vt.像；类似 15. ______ vi.倾向→ ______ n.趋向 16. ______ n.同等；平等→ ______ adj.平等的 17. ______ n.限制；局限性→ ______ vt.限制；n.界线 18. ______ n. 障碍；阻碍 19. ______ n.赞成；承认→ ______ vt.赞成 20. ______ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 21. ______ n.便宜货 22. ______ n.窃贼 23. ______ vt.检查；视察 24. ______ n.信号 25. ______vt.不信任；减少;n.折扣；打折 26. ______ adj.敏感的 27. ______ vt.&vi.拒绝；衰退；下降 28. ______ vt.询问 29. ______ n.过错；缺点 30. ______ adj.有感觉的；明智的 答案：1. separation；separate
2. submit
3. seize
4. punctual 5. coincidence
6. abuse
7. evident；evidently 8. efficient；efficiently
9. endeavour
10. digest
11. adopt 12. consult
13. shabby
14. resemble
15. tend;tendency 16. equality；equal
17. limitation；limit
18. obstacle 19. approval；approve
20. generous
21. bargain
22. burglar 23. inspect
24. signal
25. discount
26. sensitive 27. decline
28. enquire
29. fault
30. sensible 1. _______ on 抓住；利用 2. _______ out活过；实践 3. _______ to...取决于…… 4. in _______详细地 5. _______ to (do sth.)易于；往往会(做某事) 6. in _______有效的；在实施中 7. _______ round顺利应付；克服 8. under _______ _______ _______ ... 用……的名字，在……的名字下 9. _______ through看穿；识破 10. _______ against与……作斗争 11. _______ out杰出 12. _______ away立即；马上 13.______ _______
up立起身来 14. in _______
徒然；徒劳 15. at _______
最后；详细地 16. against ______ ______ 违心地 17. _______ ______ of对……评价不高 18.
_______ ______ ______ _____ ______
to... 竭尽全力做某事 答案：1. seize
2. live
3. up
4. detail
5. tend 6. force
7. get
8. the name of
9. see
10. struggle 11. stand
12. straight
13. pull oneself
14. vain
15. length 16. one’s will
17. think ill
18. do everything in one’s power 1. Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system which ______ us blacks _______ sitting where we like. 金博士鼓励我们同这个禁止我们黑人随意就座的不公平的制度作斗争。 2. Taxis passed _______ _______ _______ _______ as we pedestrians marched on the pavement. 当我们这些步行者在人行道上行进时，满载乘客的出租车从我们身边驶了过去。 3. ...it is _______ _______ you to practise, practise and practise. ……这全靠你自己去练习、练习、再练习。 4. ...，“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and ______.” ……，“有些书籍只须浅尝，有些可以吞咽，只有少数需要咀嚼，慢慢消化。” 5. Those who ______ ______
this ban were: Jane Austen... 巧妙迂回在这项禁令边缘的人有：简·奥斯汀…… 6. Sceptical reviewers did not
______ _____ this deception and gave their approval to their work. 生性多疑的评论家没有看穿这层伪装，而且对她们的作品大加赞扬。 答案：1. prohibits；from
2. all full of passengers
3. up to 4. digested
5. got round
6. see through 1. prohibit vt.禁止；阻止 Smoking is prohibited in this railway carriage.
本节车厢禁止吸烟。 The guard came over and prohibited us from entering the theatre.
警卫走过来阻止我们进入剧院。 【联想拓展】 prevent sth./sb.(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事 stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth.
阻止……做某事 keep sb./sth. from doing sth.
阻止……做某事 forbid sb./sth. to do sth.
禁止……做某事 forbid doing sth.
禁止做某事 prohibition n.
禁止；禁令 prohibitive adj.
（以法令）禁止的 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①他被禁止担任主任的职务。 He is prohibited ______ ______
a director. ②宪法禁止总统任期超过两届。 The president is constitutionally prohibited _____ ______
more than two terms in office. ③这项法案明确禁止任何委员会将钱用于政治活动中。 The act specifically prohibits any council ______ _______
money for political purposes. 答案：①from being
②from serving
③from spending 2. resemble vt.像；类似 The two brothers resemble each other closely in shape. 那兄弟俩身形非常相像。 常用结构： resemble sb.／sth.in...在某方面与某人／物相像 【联想拓展】 look like
看起来像 be similar to
与……相似 look alike
长得相像 The twins look so much alike that I can’t tell them apart. 这对双胞胎看上去那么像以致于我区分不开他们。 用法点拨： resemble 不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。用作及物动词时后跟名词或代词作宾语。 【速记名片】
【即学即练】 完成句子 ①他酷似他的父亲。 He strongly _______ his father. ②我弟弟和我长得很像。 My little brother
_______ me
_______ looks. 答案：①resembles
②resembles；in 单项填空 ③Some procedures involved in the manufacture of this product are ______ procedures conducted in producing TV sets. A. same as
B. resemble
C. alike
D. similar to 解析：选D。same as应改为the same as; resemble是动词，前面不加系动词are; alike 是表语形容词，后面要加介词to。be similar to与……相似，符合句意。 3. bargain n.协议；交易；廉价货；讲价
v.讨价还价，成交；拿……做交易 The coat is really a good bargain at such a low price. 这件外套这么低的价格真是便宜。 They bargained that they (should) be paid for overtime. 他们要求加班要有加班费。 It’s／That’s a bargain.这就成交了。 常用结构： make a bargain做交易；订合同 bargain with sb.about／over sth.就……与某人讨价还价； 就……与某人谈判 【即学即练】 单项填空 Some people would like to do shopping on Sunday since they expect to pick up wonderful ______ in the market. A. batteries
B. bargains
C. baskets
D. barrels 解析：选B。句意为：有些人喜欢星期天去买东西，因为他们希望在市场上买到特价商品。bargains作名词时有“特价商品、便宜的东西”意思。battery电池;basket篮子;barrel桶，均与句意不符。 4. decline vi.&vt.拒绝；下降；衰退 I invited him to join us，but he declined. 我邀请他加入我们，但他婉拒了。 She has declined my offer.她婉拒了我的提议。 He declined to discuss the matter.他拒绝讨论那件事。 The number of the students has declined from 8，500 to 7，000. 学生人数已由8，500人降到7，000人。 常用结构： decline one’s offer拒绝某人的提议 decline to do sth.／decline doing sth.拒绝做某事 用法点拨： decline作动词的基本意思是有礼貌的拒绝邀请、给予或服务。作“辞谢，谢绝”解时多用作及物动词，其后接名词、动名词或不定式作宾语；作“衰退”解时只用作不及物动词。 【速记名片】
decline 【即学即练】 单项填空 She ______ my invitation because of a previous appointment. A. refused
B. rejected
C. declined
D. decrease
解析：选C。句意为：她婉言谢绝了我的邀请，因为她事先有个约会。decline常用于拒绝一些社会活动的邀请或提供的帮助，较正式，有礼貌地谢绝，含有“不愿”的意思；refuse表示“回绝，不肯接受”，甚至含有毫不客气，不惜得罪某人的意味；reject 在非正式场合是对一些无用、无价值或不合适的事情作出很肯定的拒绝；decrease指体积、数字和力量或数量、质量等方面的减少。
5. in vain
徒劳；徒然 He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain. 他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒劳。 We shouldn’t pass our life in vain.我们不应虚度一生。 【即学即练】 单项填空 His efforts to raise money for his program were ,because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.(湖北真题) A. in place
B.in sight C. in effect
D.in vain 解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。in place在适当的位置；in sight在视力所及范围之内；in effect实际上；in vain徒劳。由状语从句中的“no one showed any intention”可知，他筹钱的努力失败了。 6. stand out
杰出，出色；坚决反对 This is one of the things that stand out in my memory. 这是我记忆中最为突出的事情之一。 His red hair made him stood out in the crowd. 他的红头发使他在人群中格外引人注目。 【联想拓展】 stand for
代表 stand by
站在一边；和……站在一起 stand up for
坚持；拥护；支持 温馨提示：stand out通常不用于进行时态。 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①我钦佩他为自己的信念挺身而出的勇气。 I admire his courage to _____ ______ _____ his beliefs. ②在任何情况下我都站在你的一边。 I’ll always
______ ______ you through thick and thin. 答案：①stand up for
②stand by 单项填空 ③Her work ______ from the rest as easily the best. A. stands for
B. stands up for C.
stands by
D. stands out 解析：选D。句意为：她的工作成绩远比其他人都好。stand for 代表；stand up for 坚持；拥护，支持；stand by站在一边；和……站在一起；stand out突出，鲜明；杰出；出色。由句意可知，选D。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. We are together again after a s_______ of
three years. 2. The social group declared for e _______ between men and women. 3. Seeing the terrible disease，the doctor said the old man’s condition was h _______. 4. It is hoped that the tax cuts will act as a stimulant to further economic g _______. 5. Mankind learns its first language in early c _______. 6. I really fail to understand what actuated you to give up such a promising post so h _______. 7. As can be judged from her eyes, she has no personal ______（敌意）to us. 8. Generally speaking, a child is
______（支配）by his father. 9. The high cost of the machine
______（阻止）its widespread use.
10. Police has
______（登记） two different cases against the two unknown suicide bombers in a police station. 答案：1. separation
2. equality
3. hopeless
4. growth 5. childhood
6. hastily
7. hostility
8. dominated 9. prohibits/prevents
10. registered Ⅱ.用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 be up to/in spite of/resemble/keep in mind/in vain/stand out/consult/suppose 1. She ______
her aunt closely. 2. Mother often tells us that it is necessary that we should ______
our teacher if we have any questions. 3. ______ you were in my position，what would you do? 4. It
______ you whether to accept the present or not. 5. ______ that you have to be home by 11 o’clock. 6. They tried to make her happy，but ______. 7. Her talents ______ in comparison with the others. 8. We held on for two days ______ the violent attacks of the enemy. 答案：1. resembles
2. consult
3. Suppose
4. is up to 5. Keep in mind
6. in vain
7. stand out
8. in spite of Ⅲ.完成句子 1. We ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （我们种植了成千上万棵树）in the past few years. 2. Don’t phone me between 7 and 8 p.m. We ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （那时我们正在吃晚饭）. 3. I ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （这本书我已读了两个小时了）, but I havent finished it. 4. I ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （我正要离开华盛顿到纽约去）. 5.
______ ______ _____ _____ ______ ______（做完工作后），he went home. 答案：1. have planted thousands of trees 2. will be having dinner then 3. have been reading this book for two hours 4. am leaving Washington for New York 5. After he had finished the work Ⅳ. 单项填空 1. —Must I pay you for it right now，sir? — whether you pay or not.
A. It’s your opinion
B. I don’t know
C. It’s all up to you
D. That’s your decision 解析：选C。be up to sb.由某人说了算，由……决定。 2. There was，however，one measure—in 1908，______ the Labor Exchange Act，that proved to be important. A. was adapted
B. adapted C. was adopted
D. adopted 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。adopt采纳，通过，这里用过去分词作measure的定语，表示被动；adapt适应。 3. The new secretary is a quick，______ worker，and the boss is quite satisfied with her.
A. effective
B. efficient
C. affective
D. artificial 解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。effective有效的，起作用的；affective情感的，表达感情的；artificial人造的，虚伪的；efficient作形容词含有“有效率的，能干的”之意。句意为：新来的秘书是个敏捷的、效率高的工作人员，老板对她很满意。 4. Standard measurement of blood pressure every day is _____ an important way of the risk of heart disease or stroke. A. assessing
B. commenting
C. estimating
D. accessing 解析：选A。考查动词辨析。estimate暗示评价的主观性和不精确的估计；assess权威的；专家的判断；access接近，进入；comment评论；注释，常跟on连用。根据句意可知，选A。 5. In order to find more evidence for his statement，he _____ all the reference books he could find. consulted
B. referred
C. read out
D. consulted with 解析：选A。考查动词辨析。consult sth. 翻阅……，参考……；consult with sb. 与某人商议。refer作“参照，参考”讲时，是不及物动词，应跟to sth.／sb.。 6. How on earth did that accident happen? Let me describe it to you _______. A. in advance
B. in common
C. in detail
D. in general 解析：选C。考查短语辨析。in detail详细地；符合句意。in general总之，大体上，表示概括；in common共有；in advance预先。 7. What’s wrong with Lucy these days? She ______ angry when others disagree with her. A. tends to get
B. tends getting
C. trends get
D. trends getting 解析：选A。 tend to do sth. 易于……；trend to／towards 跟名词表示“伸向，转向……”。 8. “I don’t agree”，Mary said _____ after some hesitation. A. at length
B. in length
C. for long
D. so long 解析：选A。at length相当于finally或 at last，另外，它还有“详细地”之意。 9. This Sunday，we’ll have a picnic at the beach，______. A. weather permits B. if the weather will be good enough C. weather permitting D. weather permitted 解析：选C。考查独立主格。weather permitting相当于if the weather is good enough。 10. Let’s sit down and ______ the reason why we failed last time.
A. analyze
B. check
C. examine
D. inspect 解析：选A。analyze分析；check侧重“核对”(一般不用于被动语态)；examine强调“检查;测试”，也常用作对知识的考核、身体健康的检查等；inspect调查,同investigate或survey。由句意可知，选A。 11. So many people ______ absent，we decided to put the meeting off. A. being
B. be
C. will be
D. is 解析：选A。考查独立主格结构。四个选项中只有being为现在分词，可与前面的名词构成独立主格，其他三项不是分词，均不符合语境。在句中，独立主格结构作原因状语。 12. —What about the package of food? —You’d better _______ it at the service counter before entering the bookstore.(2011·临沂期中) A. allocate
B. purchase
C. deposit
D. postpone
解析：选C。allocate分配；坐落于;purchase购买；deposit存放;存款;postpone延缓，延迟。句意为:你最好在进入书店前把你包裹存放在服务台。 13. We know that you are facing a big new challenge，but don’t lose heart，all of us will _______ you. A. stand at
B. stand by
C. stand for
D. stand out 解析：选B。stand by支持，符合句意。stand at犹豫不决，踌躇；stand for代表，象征；stand out站出来；突出。 14. Most young people in our company no longer ______.smoking in public places.
A. approve
B. agree with
C. agree
D. approve of 解析：选D。approve of sth.／doing sth.赞成，赞同某事，符合句意。agree表示“赞成，同意”，后跟不定式；agree with指同意某人的话、观点等；approve作及物动词，意为“批准，认可，通过”。 15. The President declined ________ the speech himself，______ a sore throat. A. to deliver；on account of
B. delivering；because of C. to give；because
D. making；for 解析：选A。decline表示“较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝”，后跟to do sth.；a sore throat是名词短语，前面要用because of或on account of。