英语方位表示法为数不少,但容易混淆。特别是几个介词的用法常常令自学者无所适从。有时"一字之差"就可能"失之千里"。为此,笔者拟用比较的方式以east为例介绍一些常见的方位表示法。
(一)in the east 与 on the east的区别 1.in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东边升起,从西边落下。 The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanhaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.长城东起山海关,西至嘉峪关。 2.on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。如: China faces the Pacific on the east.中国东临太平洋。 The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west.美国东临大西洋,西濒太平洋。
(二) in (to,on,at) the east of 1.要表示A在B的东部,即:A在B的范围之内时就用"A is in the east of B",如: Japan is in the east of Asia.日本在亚洲东部。 Italy is in the south of Europe.意大利在欧洲南部。 2.如果A在B的东方,即:A在B的范围之外,且相隔有一定的距离,就用"A lies to the east of B".口语中有时可将to the省去。如: Japan lies (to the) east of China.日本位于中国东方。 France lies (to the) east of England.法国位于英国东方。 3.如果A在B的东边(侧),即:A与B相邻接。就用"A is on the east of B".如: Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.广东在湖南南边。 Shangdong is on the north of Jiangsu.山东在江苏北边。 4.如果把方位词当作一个整体看,或是看成一点,就用"A is at the east of B" 如: There was a big battle at the north of the Liaodong Peninsula.在辽东半岛的北边有一场大战。 5.如果要表示"A位于B东面100公里处"时我们既可以说"A lies l00km to the east of B",也可以说"A lies 100km east of B". 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如: The plane crashed 30 miles south of the city.飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。 Suzhou lies 50 miles to the west of Shanghai.苏州位于上海西面50英里处。
(三) 汉语里"东南西北"的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north,south,east,west;并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。 东南方:southeast 西南方:southwest 西北方:northwest 东北方:northeast The Ming Tombs are located about 50 km to the northwest of Beijing. 十三陵位于北京西北50公里处。 Tianjin is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing. 天津位于北京东南120公里处。
(四)要表示方位的"偏向"时通常用by 正东偏北: east by north 正南偏西: south by west 正北偏东: north by east 正南偏东: south by east We are sailing in the direction of east by north.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。 The island lies south by east from here.那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向
国际英语资讯:Lebanese police officer killed, 142 injured in anti-govt protests after Beiruts deadly b
英语朗读大比拼
安全“拥抱亭”让孤独老人在疫情期间重感家庭温暖
参观消防大队
端午节包粽子
勇敢的他,倒霉的他
国际英语资讯:ASEAN foreign ministers release statement on blocs 53rd anniversary
国内英语资讯:Draft amendments to better adapt Chinas top legislature to supervisory reform
国内英语资讯:DPP criticized over obstructing mainland students return to Taiwan for study
快乐的端午节
保护有益的小动物
快乐的端午节
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislature starts standing committee session
国内英语资讯:Chinas State Council asks NPC Standing Committee to decide on HKSAR LegCo matters
国际英语资讯:Palestine says takes issue of Israeli field executions against Palestinians to ICC
国内英语资讯:China urges U.S. to stop arms sales to Taiwan
肥胖问题不能只看体重!加拿大新临床指南对医生发出警告
国内英语资讯:Senior Chinese diplomat urges true commitment to mutual respect, equality in China-U.S. ties
国际英语资讯:Venezuelan authorities sentence two Americans involved in Operation Gideon to 20 years in pr
快乐的节日