专题六│ 专题预测 The Big Chill(寒流) Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two-day period. Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.
On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said.
专题六│ 专题预测 Sunny Outlook
There is some sign of relief to come. On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit. National Weather Service meteorologist(气象学家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend.
专题六│ 专题预测 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration. Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes. “It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association. “Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing…above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”
专题六│ 专题预测 ()1.The main idea discussed in the
passage is ________. A．traffic accidents in America B．cold weather in America C．difficult road conditions D．heavy snow in America 专题六│ 专题预测 ()2.Deaths and accidents were caused by ________. A．roads covered with ice and snow B．strong cold winds blowing at a
high speed C．heavy snow
D．too cold weather 专题六│ 专题预测 ()3.Why were the hotels full in this area?
A．Because there were so many people
having their home destroyed.
B．It was too cold for people to go out.
C．Because air and highway travel were
cut off.
D．There were not enough hotels in this
area. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()4.Which of the following about West
Virginia is TRUE?
A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in
his story.
B．Its roads were cut off by the
snowstorm.
C．It would face fine weather very
soon.
D．It experienced a very low
temperature. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()5.Which of the following welcomed the
cold weather and heavy snow?
A．Farmers.
B．Ski resorts.
C．Drivers.
D．Officials. 专题六│ 专题预测 参考答案：
(一) 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了美国一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。
1．B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。 2．A 归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪、路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。 专题六│ 专题预测 3．C 概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。 4．D 细节理解题。West Virginia经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。 5．B 细节理解题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。最后一段给出答案。 专题六│ 专题预测 (二)
[2010·安徽改编]
The engineer Camillo Oliver was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world. 专题六│ 专题预测 By 1930 there were staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries. Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for 专题六│ 专题预测 the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算机)．In 1959 it produced the ELLA computer system. This was the first mainframe computer designed and made in Italy. 专题六│ 专题预测 After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.
In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more 专题六│ 专题预测 advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti Group—one for personal computers, one for systems and services, and two for telecommunications. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()1.From the text we learn that ________. A．by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year
B．Olivetti earned more in the 1960s
than in the 1950s
C．some of Olivetti’s 700 staff
regularly visited customers in Italy
D．Olivetti set up offices in other
countries from the very beginning
专题五│ 专题预测 Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(标准)of ability. 专题五│ 专题预测 In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional tests to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process，” he said. “The potential to achieve three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.” 专题五│ 专题预测 Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam. 专题五│ 专题预测 Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests—a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges—to make it easier to pick out the best candidates. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()1. What is the attitude of head teachers
to the reform? A．Approving.
B．Doubtful. C．Opposed.
D．Neutral(中立的)． ()2. Which British university first started
to use aptitude tests to pick out the
best candidates? A．Harvard.
B．Oxford. C．Cambridge.
D．Washington D．C. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()3. What can we know about the A-level
system?
A．It can indicate the brightest
candidates.
B．It was designed to assess students’
thinking abilities.
C．It is longer an accurate way to
assess students’ abilities.
D．It was recommended by the National
Foundation for Educational Research. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()4. What can we infer from the passage? A．The reform is more popular in
American colleges than in British
ones. B．The reform will be applied by all
universities in the future. 专题五│ 专题预测 C．Universities used to depend on the
A-level system to choose the best
students. D．Passing additional tests will allow
the student to enter Oxford,
regardless of whether he or she gets
As. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()5.What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to get into leading universities. B．The disadvantages of the A-level system. C．Different ways to identify students’
abilities. D．Universities using extra exams to choose students.
专题五│ 专题预测 参考答案
(二) 【文章大意】 现在的成绩为A不再是学生进入大学的唯一评判标准，得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生。学生们需要参加额外的考试才能进入大学。 1．C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students.”得出答案。 专题五│ 专题预测 2．B 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests.”可推知答案为B。 3．C 细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了“good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates”，结合后面的内容可知答案为C。 专题五│ 专题预测 4．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level…”可知答案为C。 5．D 主旨大意题。文章开头就指出学生必须通过额外的考试才能进入一流大学，接下来分析了原因：现在得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生，故选D。 专题六
历史地理型 阅读理解 专题六│ 历史地理型阅读理解 专题六│ 专题导读 专题导读 历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代；命题以细节题为主， 专题六│ 专题导读 有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。 专题六│ 典例导练 [2010·重庆改编]
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin(1809—1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired(启发) his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands. 典例导练 专题六│ 典例导练 The islands are certainly a paradise(天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be. 专题六│ 典例导练 The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.
专题六│ 典例导练 Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you；feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim；and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. 专题六│ 典例导练 Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit
to the islands?
A. He studied different creatures on
the islands.
B. He completed his famous book on the
islands.
C. He was touched by the geography of
the islands.
D. He was attracted by well-known
animals of the islands. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()2. Which of the following plays a role
in making the islands “a paradise
for wildlife”？
A. Animals on the islands feed on
grass.
B. Local government forbids killing
wildlife.
C. People cannot visit the islands as
they wish.
D. Tourists are not allowed to touch
the animals. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()3. Your stay on the islands will be
most impressive mainly because of
________.
A. the beautiful sea views
B. Darwin’s inspiring trip
C. a closer view of animals
D. various daring activities 专题六│ 典例导练 ()4. Which of the following would be the
best title for the passage?
A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife
Lovers
B. Galapagos as a Paradise for
Adventurers
C. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of
Galapagos
D. A Successful Example of Wildlife
Protection 专题六│ 典例导练 ()5. The intended readers of the passage
are those who ________.
A．want to study the origin of
species
B．are fond of traveling around the
world
C．are interested in studying
wildlife
D．want to be inspired by natural
beauty 专题六│ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。 1. A 细节理解题。由第一段“He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals.”可知达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。 2. C 细节理解题。由第四段“Despite strict control over activities and timing…”可知答案。 专题六│ 典例导练 3. C 推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。 4. A 主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故A项符合作者的写作意图。
专题六│ 典例导练 5．B 推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要针对那些爱好旅游者而写，故选B。
专题六│ 专题预测 (一)
Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firmed in winter’s icy grasp. 专题预测 专题六│ 专题预测 Travel, Interrupted The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country. Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states. Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during the rush hour on Tuesday. 专题六│ 专题预测 Air travel has been disrupted as well. More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点站)overnight. Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a 专题六│ 专题预测 few hundred passengers spent the night there. “All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said.
专题五│ 专题导读 文化教育类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等，重视语言和文化的关系。阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化 专题导读 专题五│ 专题导读 背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。 (2)先做细节题。因为做 专题五│ 专题导读 完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。 专题五│ 典例导练 [2010·全国Ⅰ改编]
EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High School, customers pour into a special experiment: the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.
典例导练 专题五│ 典例导练 Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries. 专题五│ 典例导练 By closing time at 9：20 a．m., the shop usually sells 90 drinks.
“Whoever made the chi tea, Ms Schatzman says it was good，” Christy McKinley, a second year student, announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher. The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.
专题五│ 典例导练 They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers. Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia. 专题五│ 典例导练 Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content? Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition(营养)guidelines. 专题五│ 典例导练 The whole school has joined in to help. Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the mornings. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups. 专题五│ 典例导练 ()1. What is the text mainly about? A．A best-selling coffee. B．A special educational program. C．Government support for schools.
D．A new type of teacher-student
relationship. 专题五│ 典例导练 ()2. The Dixie PIT program was
introduced in order to________. A．raise money for school affairs B．do some research on nutrition C．develop students’ practical
skills
D．supply teachers with drinks 专题五│ 典例导练 ()3. How did Christy McKinley know Ms
Schatzman’s opinion of the chi tea?
A．She met her in the shop.
B．She heard her telling others.
C．She talked to her on the phone.
D．She went to her office to deliver
the tea. 专题五│ 典例导练 ()4. We know from the text that Ginger
Gray ________. A．manages the Dixie PIT program in
Kenton County
B．sees that the drinks meet health
standards
C．teaches at Dixie Heights High
School
D．owns the school’s coffee shop 专题五│ 典例导练 ()5. Which of the following is NOT true
about the Dixie PIT?
A．Lattes and Cappuccinos may be two
kinds of the coffee supplied in the
Dixie PIT.
B．It’s run mostly by students with
special learning needs. 专题五│ 典例导练
C．The Dixie PIT helped many disabled
students prepare for life after
graduation. D．The Dixie PIT is intended not only to
bring the teachers much convenience
but also to help them learn a lot. 专题五│ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍Dixie Heights High School实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。 1．B 主旨大意题。本篇文章讲的是在Dixie Heights High School里面开了一家咖啡店，由那些有特殊学习需要的学生来经营的实验试点。根据文章可知最佳答案是B。 专题五│ 典例导练 2．C 推理判断题。根据文章的第五段和第六段“Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.”和“They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers.”我们可知这家咖啡店的开主要是为了培养学生的实践能力。 专题五│ 典例导练 3．C 细节判断题。根据“after hanging up with the teacher.”，hang up是挂断电话的意思， 故选C项。 4．B 推理判断题。根据“Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition guidelines.”可判断选B。
专题五│ 典例导练 5．D 细节理解题。A根据文章及倒数第四段的“Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content？”得知，这两种被预订的很可能是咖啡。 B在文章第一段。 C在第五段“Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.” D 错误，此店的开办目的主要是为了帮助那些有特殊学习需求的残疾学生，而不是为了老师。 专题五│ 专题预测 (一)
Poorer children would be offered the chance to attend lessons on Saturday to help catch up with their middle class peers(同龄人), the Shadow School’s secretary, Michael Gove said today. The Conservatives would give English state schools the freedom to choose to have longer teaching hours and extra classes at the weekend, he told the Association of Teachers and Lecturers’ annual conference. 专题预测 专题五│ 专题预测 Gove said the move would help to close the achievement gap with richer children whose parents could afford extras such as tutoring and music lessons.
He told delegates(代表)in Manchester, “For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences, there are benefits in having those children in the learning environment, in school, for longer.”
专题五│ 专题预测 “Parents would love to have schools starting earlier in some circumstances, and certainly going on later in the afternoon, given the reality of their working lives，” he said. He held up the example of Kipp(Knowledge is Power Program)schools in the US, which are often based on the poorest communities and open from 7：30 a．m. to 5 p．m. on weekdays, plus Saturdays. 专题五│ 专题预测 But it would be up to schools to decide to offer longer hours, Gove added.
Parents said Saturday classes could become a “badge of dishonor” if pupils were forced to go, while teachers raised concerns about their workload. 专题五│ 专题预测 Margaret Morrissey, of Parents Outloud, said, “I think the suggestion the government made about one-to-one teaching for these kids would be a more preferable way of improving these children’s performance. I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week.” 专题五│ 专题预测 The ATL’s general secretary, Mary Bousted, said, “If we want Saturday schools, then we need more teachers doing the extra hours, not the same teachers working longer.” ()1. The program is intended for children
________.
A．who are from middle-class families
B．whose parents can’t afford extra
help
C．who perform poorly academically
D．whose weekends are mostly unoccupied
专题五│ 专题预测 ()2.“Additional stretch” in Paragraph 3
probably refers to ________.
A．music lessons
B．physical relaxation
C．entertainment activities
D．out-of-school improvement. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()3. Why did Gove mention Kipp schools in
the US?
A．To make a comparison.
B．To introduce a new program.
C．To seek supportive evidence.
D．To prove his program is better. ()4. What is Margaret Morrissey’s opinion
about the new program?
A．Favorable.B．Doubtful.
C．Optimistic.
D．Acceptable.
专题五│ 专题预测 ()5. Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Teachers may not like the program.
B．Schools are trying to make profits.
C．The program is already under way.
D．The program is popular with
children.
专题五│ 专题预测 参考答案
(一) 【文章大意】 国外教育要改革了，周六也要上课了。对此，有何反应呢？不同的人有不同的观点。 1．B 细节理解题。教育改革的针对性较强“For children who come from homes where parents don’t have the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences”。 2．D 词义猜测题。根据 “such as tutoring and music lessons.…improving these children’s performance.”可知。 专题五│ 专题预测
3．C 细节理解题。举例以说明自己的言论正确。 4．B 主观判断题。根据Margaret Morrissey的话，我们可以判断他对整件事情的看法“I’m just not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week”。 5．A 细节判断题。根据倒数第三段和最后一段，我们可以判断出老师的看法和意见。 专题五│ 专题预测 (二)
Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates. Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude(智能)tests, which are 专题五│ 专题预测 designed to assess(评价)thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional tests to secure a place. 专题四│ 专题预测 Benefits Teacher salaries range from $26,000 to $45,000 depending on experience plus overtime pay and various performance-based prizes throughout the year. Assistant Teachers are suitable for promotion and salary increase based on ability. We also offer housing, free dinners, and other benefits.
专题四│ 专题预测 Required documents ●Cover letter(please indicate the position you are applying for)． ●Resume with Date of Birth, e-mail address, and contact number.
●Recent photo of yourself or copy of passport. ● At least two references（证明人）inclouding current or last employer. 专题四│ 专题预测 Contact Please vistit our website at www.lexkimjob.com for more information and visit http://lexkimjob.com/apply/main.php to submit（递交）your application. 专题四│ 专题预测 ()1. Who is most likely to be hired by Lex
Kim English School? A．A Frenchman with a Bachelor’s
degree in education. B．A Korean with a Doctor’s degree who
worked in America for 18 years. C．An American with a Master’s degree
in economic management.
D．An Englishman with 16 years of
teaching in a Canadian college. 专题四│ 专题预测 ()2. According to the advertisement, ________.
A．an applicant must work for one year in
the school and hand in his passport
B．students are encouraged to learn by
joining in discussion in small classes
C．the more experienced a successful
applicant is, the higher pay he will get
D．a qualified person can go directly to
the school to apply for the position 专题四│ 专题预测 ()3. Once hired by the Lex Kim English
School, you will ________.
A．have to work for forty-five
hours a
week
B．be offered three dinners and housing for free
C．never be required to overwork
every
day
D．have chances to win various prizes 专题四│ 专题预测 ()4. According to the advertisement, Lex
Kim English School ________.
A．usually provides only a few
classes in the morning B．has students of all ages who are
good at English C．is strict in the teamwork of the
teachers D．bases his staff’s salary on the
amount of their work
专题四│ 专题预测 ()5. If you’re interested in this job,
you’re required to hand in your
application ________. A．by letter B．by e-mail
C．on the Internet
D．by fax 专题四│ 专题预测 参考答案： (一) 【文章大意】 本文为一个学校的招聘广告，广告中主要列举了学校的基本情况及招聘要求等。 1．D 推理判断题。根据两个必要要求“Native English speaker with at least 15 years of living in North America；Bachelor’s degree or higher (preferably Education, English, or related field)”可知，一个在一所加拿大的大学工作了16年的英国人符合这两个条件。由此判断选D。 专题四│ 专题预测 2．B 细节理解题。根据第一段“All of our students are highly fluent in English and eager to engage in classroom discussions and debate. All classes are conducted exclusively in English and class sizes are no larger than 10 students.”可判断答案选B。根据“Recent photo of yourself or copy of passport”判断不一定要交护照副本，因为交最近相片也可以，排除A；根据“Teacher salaries range from $26,000 to 专题四│ 专题预测 $45,000 depending on experience plus overtime pay and various performance-based prizes throughout the year.”判断，老师的薪水由其经验、加班工资及其奖励决定，经验丰富但如果加班时间少或工作不出色，其工资不一定高，排除C。根据“Our application process includes a phone interview, in-person interview, and a sample teaching session.”排除D。 专题四│ 专题预测 3．D 细节理解题。根据“Teacher salaries range from $26,000 to $45,000 depending on experience plus overtime pay and various performance-based prizes throughout the year.”中的“various performance-based prizes”可判断选D。
专题四│ 专题预测 4．C 推理判断题。根据该校对所招聘教师的要求“We’re eager to hire teachers who are professional, creative, self-starters, and very organized.”可判断该校特别注重教师的团队合作精神，故选C。根据“Teaching hours typically range from 1 p．m. to 9 p．m., Monday—Friday.”可判断该校上午一般没有课，排除A项；根据第一段 专题四│ 专题预测 “Lex Kim English School offers language improvement courses in reading, writing, grammar, and speech to bright students from Grades 3 to 11.”排除B项；根据“Teacher salaries range from $26,000 to $45,000 depending on experience plus overtime pay and various performance-based prizes throughout the year.”排除D项。 专题四│ 专题预测 5．C 细节理解题。根据全文最后一段“visit http：//lexkimjob.com/apply/main.php to submit(递交)your application.”可以判断。文中未给出学校电子邮箱，故排除B。 专题四│ 专题预测 (二)
The Best of Alaska Nothing evokes(唤起)Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the river. Combine these images with high mountains, brilliant icebergs and wonderful meals and you really do have the best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7-day excursion(远足)to the last frontier! 专题四│ 专题预测 Highlights(集锦)： JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip. HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fjords(峡湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a premier center for adventure in Alaska. 专题四│ 专题预测 ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading(玻璃珠)and culture from these master artists. 专题四│ 专题预测 SKAGWAY: Skagway is a lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway. 专题四│ 专题预测 GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching excursion and a full day cruise(巡游)in Glacier Bay. 专题四│ 专题预测 DATES/PRICES:
2010: May 16, June 20, July 18, August 15. 7 days—$3500, including lodging, all meals, excursions, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: Alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau. 专题四│ 专题预测 Contact:
E-mail: info@alaskamountainguides.com Call: 1－800－766－3396 Write: Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing
School
P．O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827 ()1. You can feel the history of the local
place at ________. A．Juneau
B．Skagway
C．Haines
D．Gustavus 专题四│ 专题预测 ()2. You can watch a whale exploding out
of the water at ________. A．Glacier Bay National Park B．the Klondike Gold Rush National
Park C．the White Pass Yukon
D．the fjords 专题四│ 专题预测 ()3. According to the advertisement, the
participants of the excursion ________. A．will spend one day experiencing the local
culture at Alaska Indian Arts
B．can contact Alaska Mountain Guides &
Climbing School by e-mail or fax C．are able to experience some
adventurous
activities in Haines D．can get lots of traditional native artwork
free of charge
专题四│ 专题预测 ()4. Which of the following doesn’t require a
participant to pay additional fees? A．Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train. B．A full day cruise in Glacier Bay. C．Having the last supper at Juneau. D．Flying from Juneau to his hometown. 专题四│ 专题预测 ()5. It is known from the advertisement that
________.
A．the native culture of the Northwest Native
Tribes is dying out
B．Juneau, as the state capital, is much more
beautiful than Haines
C．Skagway was the richest town of Alaska in
the past
D．Alaska is famous for its culture, history
and natural beauty 专题四│ 专题预测 参考答案： (二) 【文章大意】 广告主要介绍了阿拉斯加州的自然景观及其历史文化以吸引游客。 1．B 细节理解题。根据“Skagway is a lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops.”可判断选B。 专题四│ 专题预测
2．A 细节理解题。根据“Gustavus is the gateway to Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching excursion and a full day cruise(巡游)in Glacier Bay.”可判断选A。 专题四│ 专题预测 3．C 逻辑推断题。根据“Haines is a small community located along the fjords(峡湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a premier center for adventure in Alaska.”可推断选C。 专题四│ 专题预测 4．D 细节理解题。根据“including lodging, all meals, excursions, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: Alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.”可判断选D。 专题四│ 专题预测 5．D 推理判断题。根据“Highlights”介绍的几处景点可知，它们要么以当地历史或文化，要么以当地自然景观而出名。由此不难推断，阿拉斯加州以其历史、文化和自然景观出名。 专题五
文化教育型 阅读理解 专题五│ 文化教育型阅读理解 专题三│ 专题预测 “When the RSPCA described her, I told them her name; I knew immediately it was our Muffy，” Lampard said. “It was totally out_of_the_blue—after nine years, I thought she was long gone.” Pilgrim, the owner of the Melbourne house where Muffy was discovered,
专题三│ 专题预测 said they found the dog about a year ago wandering along a street.
But where had Muffy spent the previous eight years? And how did she get all the way to Melbourne—about 1,200 miles from Brisbane? “Nobody knows，” Pilgrim said. “The mystery continues for old Muffy.”
专题三│ 专题预测 “Muffy was suffering from a severe allergic(过敏的)reaction to fleas(跳蚤)and has been under treatment since the RSPCA removed her from the Melbourne home，” Pilgrim said. “The dog, which the Lampards originally adopted from a RSPCA shelter near Brisbane, is recovering well and should be in good enough shape to fly back home on Tuesday，” Pilgrim said.
专题三│ 专题预测 Lampard got Muffy as a gift for her now 17-year-old daughter Chloe, and the two had been friendly with each other, Lampard said. “After the RSPCA called, I rang my daughter and asked her if she was sitting down, then told her they’d found Muffy，” Lampard said. “She’ll burst into tears when they see each other again. But just how she got down to Melbourne I guess is a mystery that will never be answered.”
专题三│ 专题预测 ()1. The underlined phrase “out of the
blue” in Para. 2 probably means
“________”.
A．unexpected B．possible C．disappointed
D．correct 专题三│ 专题预测 ()2. What happened after Muffy was removed
from the Melbourne home?
A．She was lost again and left many
mysteries to officials in the
RSPCA. B．She was adopted from a RSPCA shelter near Brisbane.
C．She was brought back home by the
Lampards in a plane.
D．She received treatment owing to a severe illness. 专题三│ 专题预测 ()3. What puzzled Pilgrim and Lampard is
________. A．why Muffy left her Brisbane home B．who put a microchip in
Muffy’s neck C．how Muffy reached Melbourne D．how Muffy recognized her owner nine years later 专题三│ 专题预测 ()4. We can learn from the passage that
________. A．Lampard got Muffy as a gift for Chloe nine years ago B．officials got in touch with
Lampard by visiting her home C．Pilgrim found Muffy in front of
his house D．Chloe is very fond of Muffy 专题三│ 专题预测 ()5. Why did Natalie Lampard make a phone
to tell her daughter that the dog
had been found? A．Because it was bought by her daughter years ago. B．Because it was once a gift for her daughter. C．Because her daughter had been
looking for it. D．Because her daughter was fond of
keeping a pet. 专题三│ 专题预测 参考答案： 【文章大意】 一只名叫Muffy的小狗在失踪九年后又回到了主人身边，这让它的主人喜出望外。 1．A 词义猜测题。根据后面的句意“九年了，我原以为它早已死去”可知，能再次找到狗对Lampard来说是“意想不到的”。 专题三│ 专题预测 2．D 细节理解题。由第三段第一句话“‘Muffy was suffering from a severe allergic reaction to fleas and has been under treatment since the RSPCA removed her from the Melbourne home，’ Pilgrim said”可知，在墨尔本找到Muffy之后，它被送去接受治疗了。 专题三│ 专题预测 3．C 细节理解题。由第二段中Pilgrim所说的话“And how did she get all the way to Melbourne—about 1,200 miles from Brisbane? ‘Nobody knows’， Pilgrim said. ‘The mystery continues for old Muffy.’”及最后一段Lampard所说的话“But just how she got down to Melbourne I guess is a mystery that will never be answered”可知，俩人都对Muffy如何从布里斯班跑到墨尔本感到困惑。 专题三│ 专题预测 4．D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“She’ll burst into tears when they see each other again.”可推断D项正确。 5．B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lampard got Muffy as a gift for her now 17-year-old daughter Chloe, and the two had been friendly with each other”可判断选B。 专题四
广告应用型 阅读理解 专题四│ 广告应用型阅读理解 专题四│ 专题导读 广告英语与普通英语存在许多差异，广告具有鲜明的目的性，即说服顾客进行购买，这种目的性决定了其语言的特色和风格，使其独立于其他文体。广告的题材包括旅游、招聘、生活指南、通知告示、使用规则、注意事项、商品说明等。其语言特点是人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、独词句、祈使句、省略句多；词汇较偏僻，语言不规范，结构不完整。此类文章主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推 专题导读 专题四│ 专题导读 理判断能力的考查，题目设置较容易。答题时没有必要把每一句都弄得清清楚楚，只要重点理解与题目有关的信息就可以了。 做这类题时没有必要阅读全文，宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容。这样在阅读中可以有重点地、有针对性地去读，冗余无效信息可以略读甚至不读。在阅读时要特殊留意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。 专题四│ 典例导练 典例导读 ABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicine.Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad” cholesterol(胆固醇) in your blood.It can also raise “good” cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking. WHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR： ·People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise ·Adults and children over 10 [2010·湖南]
LIPITOR 专题四│ 典例导练 专题四│ 典例导练 专题四│ 典例导练 专题四│ 典例导练 ()1. What is a major function of Lipitor? A．To help quit smoking. B．To control blood pressure. C．To improve unhealthy diet. D．To lower “bad” cholesterol. ()2. Taking Lipitor is helpful for ________. A．breast-feeding women B．women who are pregnant C．adults having heart disease D．teenagers with liver problems 专题四│ 典例导练 ()3. If it has been over 12 hours since you
missed a dose，you should ________. A．change the amount of your next dose B．eat more when taking your next dose C．have a dose as soon as you remember D．take the next dose at your regular
time 专题四│ 典例导练 ()4. Which of the following is a common side
effect of taking Lipitor? A．Face swelling. B．Upset stomach. C．Kidney failure.
D．Muscle weakness. 专题四│ 典例导练 ()5.What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To teach patients ways for quick
recovery. B．To present a report on a scientific
research. C．To show the importance of a good
lifestyle. D．To give information about a kind of
medicine. 专题四│ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文为药品说明。主要介绍了药品的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。 1．D 细节理解题。根据“Along with diet and exercise，it lowers ‘bad’ cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood.It can also raise ‘good’ cholesterol.”可判断选D。 专题四│ 典例导练 2．C 细节理解题。根据“Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.”和“Adults and children over 10”可判断选C。 专题四│ 典例导练 3．D 细节理解题。根据“If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since you missed dose，wait.Take the next dose at your regular time.”可判断选D。 4. B 细节理解题。根据“Some common side effects of LIPITOR are: Muscle pain, Upset stomach, Changes in some blood tests”可判断选B。 专题四│ 典例导练 5. D 推理判断题。文章先总体介绍药品“Lipitor”的作用，接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群，然后介绍药品的副作用，最后介绍服药的注意事项。可判断选D。 专题四│ 专题预测 专题预测 (一)
Lex Kim English School Information Session Description Lex Kim English School offers language improvement courses in reading, writing, grammar, and speech to bright students from Grades 3 to 11. All of our students are highly fluent in English and eager to engage in classroom discussions and 专题四│ 专题预测 debate. All classes are conducted exclusively in English and class sizes are no larger than 10 students. We’re looking for full-time Teachers and Assistant Teachers who’re interested in challenging our highly motivated and demanding students. We’re eager to hire teachers who are 专题四│ 专题预测 professional, creative, self-starters, and very organized. Our application process includes a phone interview, in-person interview, and a sample teaching session. We’re located in the Gangnam District of Seoul, Korea. 专题四│ 专题预测 Additionally, all applicants must meet the following criteria for the available positions： ●Native English speaker with at least 15 years of living in North America. ●Bachelor’s degree or higher (preferably Education, English, or related field)． ●At least one year commitment.
Teaching hours typically range from 1 pm. to 9 pm, Monday—Friday. 专题二 │ 专题预测 Then came the day when my dad found out my habit of smoking. He lost his temper but he just told me, “Son, your allowance is cut IN HALF from this moment on”. It hit me like a roundhouse kick(回旋踢)from Bruce Lee. I was jolted(震摇)out of my bones! I couldn’t comprehend how to pay off the 专题二 │ 专题预测 debts that I had accumulated in college. I owed everybody money: the grocery store, the bars, the restaurants, my friends, etc. I was living a life filled with credit. When I went back to college, I knew that if I don’t change the way I live my life I won’t be able to pay everybody off. So I 专题二 │ 专题预测 decided to make some changes, drastic changes. I quit smoking, cut off from my friends who led me down the wrong road, started hanging out in libraries and reading my engineering books. 专题二 │ 专题预测 One year later, I went from a miserable failure to a magna cum laude(优等成绩). Life_was_never_the_same_again. This incident made me know that anything is possible if you take action and do something about it, however small or large. Even today it still motivates me when I feel that I’m about to lose or give up. It reminds me that I can do it! 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()1. The author wrote this passage with
the purpose of ________. A．introducing his university life
to the readers
B．encouraging those lazy
students to study hard at
school
C．showing you can overcome any
difficulty if you take action
D．calling on the readers not to
develop bad habits 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()2. The author didn’t care about
his study until ________.
A．he entered the engineering
school
B．he was in heavy debt
C．he decided to give up
smoking
D．his allowance was cut in
half 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()3 According to the passage, the author’s father ________ after he found out the
author’s bad habit. A．was angry but didn’t say much B．criticized the author seriously C．refused to finance the author D．forced the author to read in
libraries 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()4. It is known from the passage that the author ________. A．seldom ate out with his friends when
reading in the school B．changed his lifestyle actually in order to save money C．formed the habit of smoking before he
went to the school D．was always disliked by teachers in the engineering school 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()5. The underlined sentence “Life was never the same again” in the last paragraph
means that the author ________. A．paid off his debt and life wasn’t
hard for him any more B．removed his bad habits and didn’t
lead a casual life C．never hung out with his friends but
studied all day D．began to live a happy life due to his
good grades
专题二 │ 专题预测 参考答案： (二) 【文章大意】 在工程学校就读之初，我恶习满身。后来父亲减少了给我的费用，不得已我改掉了不良的生活习惯，并致力于学习，后来终于成为了一个好学生！此段经历告诉我：只要采取行动，凡事都有可能！ 1．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This incident made me know that anything is possible if you take action and do something about it, however small or large.”可判断选C。 专题二 │ 专题预测 2．D 细节理解题。综合第二段“I didn’t care, at least not till my dad found out about it.”和第三段“Then came the day when my dad found out my habit of smoking. He lost his temper but he just told me，‘Son, your allowance is cut IN HALF from this moment on’. It hit me like a roundhouse kick(回旋踢) fram Bruce lee…”可判断选D。 3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段He lost his temper but he just told me, ‘Son, your allowance is cut IN HALF from this moment on’”．可判断选A。 专题二 │ 专题预测 4．B 推理判断题。根据第四段“I knew that if I don’t change the way I live my life I won’t be able to pay everybody off.”可判断选B。 5．B 语义理解题。联系第四段“So I decided to make some changes, drastic changes. I quit smoking, cut off from my friends who led me down the wrong road, started hanging out in libraries and reading my engineering books.”可判断选B。 专题三
资讯报道型 阅读理解 专题三│ 资讯报道型阅读理解 专题导读 专题三│ 专题导读 时事资讯类阅读材料在近年高考中屡屡涉及。这类材料往往语言地道、内容较新。阅读材料的组成有一个共同的特点，即都是由标题(Headlines)、导语(Introductions)、背景(Background)、主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出，文章的第一句话或第一段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。此类阅读材料的命题在资讯背景和主体部分设题较 专题三│ 专题导读 多，有时可能会省去一两个部分，要求考生依据五个部分之间的必然联系去推知未知的要素。要想做好时事资讯类阅读理解题，考生必须要善于捕捉资讯细节，根据问题善于找到相关句并能分析理解长难句，善于根据上下文猜测单词、短语的含义，善于归纳、概括、推理、判断及简单计算，才能做好这部分试题。 专题三│ 典例导练 [2010·湖南]
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions—and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why. Rachael Jack，University of Glasgow researcher，said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀地) across a face as Westerners do，Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. 典例导练 专题三│ 典例导练 “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，”Jack said.“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure，whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect(忽略) the mouth.” 专题三│ 典例导练 According to Jack and her colleagues，the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result，facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations. 专题三│ 典例导练 The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. 专题三│ 典例导练 It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection or cultural difference in facial expression，”Jack said.“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion，Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.” 专题三│ 典例导练 In short，the data shows that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on，examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise，when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures，Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation. 专题三│ 典例导练 ()1. The discovery shows that Westerners ________. A．pay equal attention to the eyes
and the mouth B．consider facial expressions
universally reliable C．observe the eyes and the mouth
in different ways D．have more difficulty in
recognizing facial expressions 专题三│ 典例导练 ()2. What were the people asked to do in
the study?
A．To make a face at each other. B．To get their faces impressive. C．To classify some face pictures. D．To observe the researchers’
faces. 专题三│ 典例导练 ()3. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A．The participants in the study. B．The researchers of the study. C．The errors made during the study. D．The data collected from the study. 专题三│ 典例导练 ()4. In comparison with Westerners， Easterners are likely to ________. A．do translation more successfully B．study the mouth more frequently C．examine the eyes more
attentively D．read facial expressions more correctly 专题三│ 典例导练 ()5. What can be the best title for the
passage? A．The Eye as the Window to the
Soul B．Cultural Differences in Reading
Emotions C．Effective Methods to Develop
Social Skills D．How to Increase Cross-cultural
Understanding
专题三│ 典例导练 参考答案 【文章大意】 本文是资讯报道，主要报道最新科学发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。 1. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect(忽略) the mouth.”可判断选A。 专题三│ 典例导练 2. C 细节理解题。根据第五段“…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可判断选C。 专题三│ 典例导练 3. A 词义猜测题。根据定语从句“that they show”所修饰的eye movements以及“the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可判断选A。 4. C 细节理解题。根据第六段“It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.”可判断选C。
专题三│ 典例导练 5. B 标题归纳题。文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结果发现及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为B。
专题三│ 专题预测 Nine years after disappearing from her Brisbane home, Muffy, the dog, was found alive and well this month in another backyard—1,200 miles away—officials in the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(RSPCA)said today. A microchip in Muffy’s neck identified 专题预测 专题三│ 专题预测 her owners, and, after a few days of searching for a current phone number, officials tracked down Natalie Lampard, who hadn’t seen Muffy since the dog disappeared from her backyard in the eastern city of Brisbane nine years ago.
专题二 │ 典例导练 [2010·北京改编]
Goldie’s Secret She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall.No way could I have sent her away.No way，not me anyway.Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before.“We’re moving house.” “No space for her any more with the baby coming.”“We never 典例导练 专题二 │ 典例导练 really wanted her，but what could we havedone？She was a present.”People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal.And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen. I called her Goldie.If I had known what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name.She was so unsettled during those 专题二 │ 典例导练 first few days.She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy，it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down.Always by my side，whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. 专题二 │ 典例导练 That’s why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk.We were a long way from home，when she started barking and getting very restless.Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could. 专题二 │ 典例导练 By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie.But when I saw her licking(舔) the four puppies(幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them.“We didn’t know what had happened to her，”said the woman at the door.“I took her for a walk one day，soon after the puppies were born，and she just disappeared.”“She must have tried to come back to them and got lost，”added a boy from behind her. 专题二 │ 典例导练 I must admit I do miss Goldie，but I’ve got Nugget now，and she looks just like her mother.And I’ve learnt a good lesson：not to judge people. ()1. How did the author feel about Goldie
when Goldie came to the house? A．Shocked. B．Sympathetic. C．Annoyed.
D．Upset. 专题二 │ 典例导练 ()2. In her first few days at the author’s
house，Goldie ________.
A．felt worried
B．was angry
C．ate a little
D．sat by the fire ()3. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one
day because she ________.
A．saw her puppies
B．heard familiar barkings
C．wanted to leave the author
D．found her way to her old home 专题二 │ 典例导练 ()4. The passage is organized in order
of ________.
A．time
B．effectiveness C．importance
D．complexity 专题二 │ 典例导练 ()5. Which of the following is TRUE according
to the passage?
A．Goldie was given to the author as a
present by some kind
friends. B．Goldie didn’t like the author’s home so she went
away in the end.
C．Goldie gave birth to the four puppies
after she was taken out for a walk one
day. D．Nugget was the only one which looked
like her mother Goldie. 专题二 │ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 文章讲述了一只狗(Goldie)的故事：它从原先的家中走失，被作者收养。后来有一次和作者出去散步时找到了自己原来的家和小狗。 1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段的描写，尤其是“No way could I have sent her away.”可以知道作者对Goldie非常同情。 2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her.”可知答案为A。 专题二 │ 典例导练 3. D 推理判断题。根据第三段，尤其是最后一句“Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.”推断答案为D。
4. A 文章结构题。纵观全文，作者从Goldie的到来和离开，按时间顺序描写。 专题二 │ 典例导练 5．C 细节理解题。A出处在第一段，并不是友人送的，而是被遗弃在作者门前，作者出于同情收养的。作者把它看成一件天赐的礼物而已。
B在文章倒数第二段最后两句有说明，Goldie可能是找不着家了才走丢的。C 在倒数第二段“‘We didn’t know what had happened to her，’” said the woman at the door. ‘I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.’”可以得知。 D 出处在最后一段，“only”不准确。 专题二 │ 专题预测 (一)
Angus MacLeod was fifty and he had spent his entire life as a shepherd in the remote mountainous region of northwest Scotland. He had never owned a radio or television nor had he travelled further than forty kilometres from his birthplace. His knowledge of the world was 专题预测 专题二 │ 专题预测 gained only from his brief trips to the village to sell his sheep and buy food. However, he had lately come to rely on the growing number of hill-walkers in the region as sources of international news. 专题二 │ 专题预测 In the spring of 1992, a Spanish student came across Angus high in the mountains. Eager to practise his English he engaged Angus in conversation. The student told Angus of the forthcoming Olympic Games in Barcelona.Excited by the student’s colourful description of Spain and the Games, Angus decided to attend the event in person and two months later arrived in Barcelona. 专题二 │ 专题预测 The ticketless Angus stood outside the stadium with his canny brain working overtime, watching a growing number of individuals entering the stadium through a small entrance at the side. He noticed that they all seemed to be carrying objects. Perhaps they were workmen, he thought. He moved closer and watched.
专题二 │ 专题预测 Within minutes a thin young man came along carrying an extremely long pole. He approached the official at the door and said “Pole Vault”. The official moved to the side and the man entered. Next came a heavy-set man with a spear. Angus wondered how a man could carry 专题二 │ 专题预测 such a dangerous weapon in a modern city. The man shouted “Javelin” and was pleasantly admitted. Angus was puzzled. Perhaps they were all connected with security. His puzzlement grew when a huge man appeared with a steel ball in his hand. He shouted “Shot Putt” and walked past the official. 专题二 │ 专题预测 It suddenly dawned on Angus that these people were competitors. He opened his programme and sure enough under the heading “events” he saw the three words the men had said. Angus laughed to himself as a plan began to take shape in his mind. First he needed to buy one or two things.
专题二 │ 专题预测 An hour later he reappeared dressed in a tracksuit with “Scotland” written across the chest. Over his shoulder he carried a roll of barbed wire(铁丝网). Smiling to himself he walked up to the official and as casually as he could, shouted, “Fencing！” 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()1.Which was Angus’ new way of getting
information about the outside world? A．Traveling from his birthplace. B．Listening to radio and watching TV. C．Going to the nearby village to
sell sheep.
D．Talking to hill-walkers in the
region. 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()2.What are “Javelin” , “Pole Vault”，
“Shot Putt” and “Fencing” in the
passage? A．Olympic events.
B．Names of competitors. C．Security weapons. D．Names of countries. 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()3. From the passage we can learn that
________. A．more and more people went to
Scotland to
practise their English B．the Spanish student’s description of his
country excited Angus C．Angus had been planning a trip to
Barcelona to see the Olympic Games D．Angus became a member of the Scottish
Olympic team 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()4.From the passage we know that Angus
seemed to be ________.
A．poorly-informed
B．intelligent C．strong-minded
D．athletic 专题二 │ 专题预测 ()5.What do you expect the official to
do in the end? A．Help him carry the wire. B．Refuse to let him in. C．Give him a close inspection. D．Lead him to the competition. 专题二 │ 专题预测 参考答案： (一) 【文章大意】 文章向我们描述了一位生活在大山里，而又很渴望了解外面世界的一个孩子了解世界的方式以及他的反应。 1．D 细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句话“However, he had lately come to rely on the growing number of hill-walkers in the region as sources of international news.”可知这是他除了父亲之外的一个新的获取信息的方式。 专题二 │ 专题预测 2．A 细节理解题。倒数第二段告诉了我们“He opened his programme and sure enough under the heading ‘events’ he saw the three words(就是上文提到的‘Javelin’， ‘Pole Vault’， ‘Shot Putt’) the men had said.”可知答案，关键词为“events”。 专题二 │ 专题预测 3．B 细节理解题。由第二段的“Excited by the student’s colourful description of Spain and the Games, Angus decided to attend the event in person and two months later arrived in Barcelona.”可以看出，这位西班牙学生的描述使Angus很兴奋。 专题二 │ 专题预测 4．A 推理判断题。第一段告诉我们，50岁的Angus MacLeod 生活在大山里，消息比较闭塞，没有收音机也没出过远门，只能从来爬山的人那里了解一些情况。下文也告诉我们，下文的他对听到的消息兴奋的表现(看到运动员带着装备进去他也拿了铁丝网要进场)也证明了这一点。由此可见poorly-informed(意为“孤陋寡闻的”)最能描述他。 专题二 │ 专题预测 5．B 推理判断题。文章告诉我们，那些拿着装备的人都是参赛者(competitors)，而他不是参赛者，肩上扛着“a roll of barbed wire (铁丝网)”，并且“as casually as he could, shouted，”肯定会被拒之门外的。 专题二 │ 专题预测 (二) I still remember the days when I was a youthful student in an engineering school. I lived a casual life, without caring about the future. I smoked, drank with friends and made girlfriends. Little did I realize that casualness would certainly lead to loss. 专题二 │ 专题预测 Two years had passed and I was staring down a report card that highlighted FAIL in more than half the subjects. I didn’t care, at least not till my dad found out about it. You see, I studied in India and unlike the United States where the students are expected to finance their own education, my dad financed me. 专题一 │ 典例导练
3. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes(糖尿病)．”可判断选A。 4. A 细节理解题。根据第四段“In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up—again—and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her.”可判断选A。
专题一 │ 典例导练
5. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Mary Moore 所说的话“I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”可推断她想尽可能地去帮助他人，故选C。 专题预测 专题一 │ 专题预测 (一) Roger Yonchien Tsien(born on February 1, 1952)is an American biochemist and a professor at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego. He was awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein(GFP)with two other chemists Osamu Shimomura and Martin Chalfie. 专题一 │ 专题预测 Tsien had a number of top engineers in his extended family, including his father Hsue-Chu Tsien ，who was a mechanical engineer and his mother’s brothers who were engineering professors at MIT. Both of Tsien’s parents came from Zhejiang Province, China. The famous rocket scientist Tsien Hsue-shen, regarded as the co-founding father 专题一 │ 专题预测 of JPL of Caltech and later the director of the Chinese ballistic-missile program, is a cousin of Tsien’s father. Tsien’s brother Richard Tsien is also a renowned scientist at Stanford. Tsien, who calls his own work molecular engineering, once said, “I’m_doomed_by_heredity_to_do_this_kind_of_work”.
专题一３│ 专题预测 He attended Harvard University on a National Merit Scholarship, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa as a junior. After completing his bachelor’s degree, he joined the Physiological Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England with the aid of a Marshall Scholarship. He received his PhD in physiology from Churchill College, University of Cambridge in 1977. He was a Research Fellow at Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge from 1977 to 1981. 专题一│ 专题预测 Academic career
After completing his PhD at Cambridge University, he was appointed to the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1982 to 1989. Since 1989 he has been working at the University of California, San Diego, as Professor of Pharmacology and Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
专题一│ 专题预测 Research
Tsien is renowned for revolutionizing the fields of cell biology and neurobiology by allowing scientists to peer inside living cells and watch the behavior of molecules in real time.
In 2004, Tsien was awarded the Wolf Prize in Medicine. In 2006 he became a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society in the UK.
Dr. Tsien also helps promote science education to promising young scientists through the first-ever Lunch with a Laureate Program. 专题一│ 专题预测 ()1. We can infer from the article ________. A．Roger Yonchien Tsien was born in
China and brought up in America
B．Roger Yonchien Tsien’s family seem
to have a great gift for science
C．Roger Yonchi achieved
more
achievements than Osamu Shimomura
and Martin Chalfie
D．Tsien Hsue-shen is the nephew of
Roger Yonchien Tsien 专题一│ 专题预测 ()2. The underlined word “renowned”
probably means ________.
A．newB．well-known
C．good
D．reliable 专题一│ 专题预测
()3. What did Tsien mean when he said “I’m
doomed by heredity to do this kind of
work”？
A．His teacher asked him to do the work.
B．He has to do such kind of work for he has no other interest.
C．His parents force him to do research
into the science.
D．He was born to study science because
there are so many scientists in his
family. 专题一│ 专题预测 ()4. Which of the following might be a
university?
A．GFP.
B．Phi Beta Kappa.
C．MIT.
D．San Diego. ()5. Which of the following can be chosen as
the best title?
A．Roger Y. Tsien Won Nobel Prize for
2008
B．Roger Yonchien Tsien and His Family
C．The Great Achievements of Mr. Tsien
D．A Short Introduction of Roger Y.
Tsien 专题一 │ 专题预测 参考答案：
(一)
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了Roger Yonchien Tsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历、学术研究等。 1．B 推理判断题。通过第二段“Tsien had a number of top engineers in his extended family”以及此段后面列举的Roger Yonchien Tsien家族的父辈、祖父辈等都是科学家之类的表述得知他们家族很有科研方面的天赋。而A中的“born in China”文中没有提到，虽然有说他的父母是从浙江过去的。由文中第一段“He was 专题一 │ 专题预测 awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)with two other chemists Osamu Shimomura and Martin Chalfie.”并不能说明他获得的成就高于另外两人。通过“The famous rocket scientist Tsien Hsue-shen, regarded as the co-founding father of JPL of Caltech and later the director of the Chinese ballistic-missile program, is a cousin of Tsien’s father.”可以看出D的表述刚好反过来了。 专题一 │ 专题预测 2．B 词义猜测题。通过上文对Roger Yonchien Tsien这位科学家获得2008诺贝尔化学奖以及后文对他在科研方面突出成就的描述可以猜出，此处的renowned应该是 “闻名于世”的意思。 3．D 推理判断题。通过第二段对他家族如此多的科学家的表述，最后再用“Tsien, who calls his own work molecular engineering, once said, ‘I’m doomed by heredity to do this kind of work’”．由此推测这句话最可能的意思就是祖祖辈辈遗传下来，让我命中注定要做这个工作的。 专题一 │ 专题预测 4．C 细节理解题。由第二段“including his father Hsue-Chu Tsien，who was a mechanical engineer and his mother’s brothers who were engineering professors at MIT”得出，MIT一定是个地名。而前面又说是professors, 故它最有可能是个大学名字。A错误，是因为第一段“the green fluorescent protein (GFP)”；B错误，是因为第三段“He attended Harvard University on a National Merit Scholarship,
专题一 │ 专题预测 where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa as a junior.”其中哈佛大学才是university; D错误，是因为第四段“Since 1989 he has been working at the University of California, San Diego，”从中可以看出，加利福尼亚大学在San Diego市。 5．D 标题归纳题。A、B、C均不全面。前三段对Roger Yonchien Tsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历分别进行了介绍。 专题一│ 专题预测 (二)
Michael Joseph Jackson was born on August 29, 1958. He was born in Gary, Indiana. He was the seventh child out of nine children in his family. Michael was often physically abused by his father, beaten up and also verbally abused. But Michael also owed his success to his father’s being strict.
专题一│ 专题预测 Michael was always an entertainer. Even when he just joined school, he would perform in front of friends and classmates. Michael started his professional music career at the age of 11, as a member of The Jackson Five.
专题一│ 专题预测 He’s well-known for increasing the popularity of MTV through his music videos. Before this, music videos were made just to promote the albums. But Michael’s videos managed to change that in videos being made as an art, and for big business. Some of the music videos that are good examples of this fact are Beat It, Billie Jean, and Thriller. Through these works of his, the world got caught onto the idea of music videos and dedicated music video channels.
专题一│ 专题预测 Michael enthralled his fans and audiences with his style of singing, dressing, and his complex dance moves, especially the “moonwalk”. The moonwalk is something that people from every part of the globe loved and tried to imitate. People have also done mass moonwalks all around to show their love towards him.
专题一│ 专题预测 Michael Jackson supported 39 charities. Through his work and various foundations, he raised and donated millions toward charity, much more than any other showman. He had great love for children, especially the poor ones, and he felt children were the next best thing after God.
专题一│ 专题预测 Michael planned to start a 50-concert tour in July 2009. Sadly, on 25th June, 2009, Michael passed away at home. Michael Jackson was a great performer, showman and entertainer, besides the good human and charitable person that he was. It’s very unlikely that there will ever be another entertainer like Michael Jackson ever again. 专题一│ 专题预测 ()1. Which of the following topics is not
described about Michael Jackson in the
passage? A．Childhood. B．Personal life.
C．Music career. D．Charity. ()2. According to the passage, Michael
Jackson ________. A．lived a happy life as a child B．fell in love with music at 11 C．loved performing at school
D．was grateful to his father since his
childhood 专题一│ 专题预测 ()3. In the author’s opinion, as an entertainer
Michael Jackson’s greatest contribution is
________. A．joining The Jackson Five in 1969 B．making MTV become popular C．creating music video channels D．popularizing mass moonwalks ()4. The underlined word “enthralled” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________. A．encouraged
B．developed C．attracted
D．puzzled 专题一│ 专题预测 ()5. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．call on readers to learn from Michael
Jackson
B．show love and respect for Michael
Jackson
C．prove that Michael Jackson is a great
person
D．offer readers some facts about Michael
Jackson
专题一 │ 专题预测
(二) 【文章大意】 文章在分别介绍迈克尔·杰克逊的童年、音乐事业、慈善事业之后，给予了他高度的评价。 1．B 段落大意题。文章第一段介绍迈克尔·杰克逊的童年，第二至四段介绍他的音乐事业，第五段介绍他的慈善事业，最后一段讲述他的死亡及其对他的评价，全文没有介绍他的私人生活，故选B。 2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Michael was always an entertainer. Even when he just joined school, he would perform in front of friends and classmates.”可判断选C。 专题一 │ 专题预测 3．B 细节理解题。综合第三段尤其根据该段第一句“He’s well-known for increasing the popularity of MTV through his music videos.”可判断选B。 4．C 词义猜测题。根据下文“The moonwalk is something that people from every part of the globe loved and tried to imitate.”中“loved and tried to imitate”的提示可推断画线词为“迷住、吸引”之意，故选C。 专题一 │ 专题预测 5．D 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了迈克尔·杰克逊的童年、音乐事业、慈善事业，及其对他的评价。由此可推断，文章写作目的旨在让读者了解迈克尔·杰克逊，由此推断选D。 专题二
故事型阅 读理解 专题二│ 故事型阅读理解 专题导读 专题二 │ 专题导读 故事类阅读理解选材来源于日常生活，给人以似曾相识的感觉。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。应特别注意对人物的外貌、语言、动作和思想的描写，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、 专题二 │ 专题导读 经过、结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。阅读时应特别注意：(1)一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；(2) 哲理故事，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；(3)逸闻趣事，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。 模块３│ 题型探究 The chain-link fencing and the bulldozers did their work.Now we live across the street from six rows of apartment buildings.Each of them is three units high and stretches a block in each direction.The neighborhood has changed without the park.The streets I used to play in are jammed with cars now.Things will never be the same again.Sometimes_I_wonder，though，what_changes_another_drought_would_make_in_the_way_things_are_today. 模块３│ 题型探究 ()1.How did the writer feel when he saw the fence and bulldozers? A．Scared.B．Confused.
C．Upset.
D．Curious.
【解析】 C 推理判断题。根据第一段叙述了解到作者从四岁开始住在Southway Park对面。从第二段了解到作者小时候和朋友在公园里玩耍。而现在公园被围了起来，事实上，作者很失望、沮丧，自己不能去玩了，而且树都被砍掉了。 模块３│ 题型探究 ()2.Why was the writer told not to go to the park by his mother?
A．It was being rebuilt.
B．It was dangerous.
C．It became crowded.
D．It had turned into a desert.
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 B 推理判断题。仔细阅读第四段，可以了解到：公园被废弃了，里面住着流浪汉，甚至有人贩毒，所以母亲叮嘱我们不要去那里，因为危险。 模块３│ 题型探究 ()3.According to the writer, what eventually brought about the disappearance of the park?
A．The drought. B．The crime.
C．The beggars and the rubbish.
D．The decisions of the city.
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 D 推理判断题。从第五段，可以明显地了解到：干旱结束了，但是政府仍然对公园不管不问，而是要重新规划这块废弃地，在作者眼中是“the city had planned to get rid of the park”。故选择D。 模块３│ 题型探究 ()4.The last sentence of the passage implies that if another drought came, ________.
A．the situation would be much worse
B．people would have to desert their homes C．the city would be fully prepared in
advance D．the city would have to redevelop the
neighborhood 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 A 推理判断题。最后一段作者描述了目前自己居住的街道的变化，变得更加拥挤了。从而作者有了另一种思考：如果再来一次干旱，是否会造成如这次干旱一样的一些变化。从而可推测作者隐射环境会变得更加糟糕。 模块３│ 题型探究 ? 探究点五篇章结构型 最近两年，篇章结构题频繁地出现在各地高考英语阅读理解题中，已经成为了一种新颖而独立的阅读题型。从其考查内容而言，可分为三种：考查考生对整篇文章结构的组织能力；考查考生对后文内容的预测能力；考查考生对文章写作手法、修辞手段的赏析能力。 【命题方式】
1．How is the passage organized? 2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage?
模块３│ 题型探究 3．What will the author most probably talk about next? 4．The author develops the passage mainly by… 5．The first paragraph serves as a(n)… 6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that… 模块３│ 题型探究 【解题策略】
1．了解文章结构的组织形式 从段落组织方式上讲，常见的文章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是一正一反) 模块３│ 题型探究 2．了解文章的论证方法 从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类： put forward a question →analyze the question → solve the question 即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程；argument/idea→evidence→conclusion/restating the idea 即“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。 模块３│ 题型探究 3．了解文章的修辞手法 从修辞手法上讲，在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中，“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好地达到说理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。 模块３│ 题型探究 例 [2010·北京]
The Cost of Higher Education … Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy(经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest(投资)and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are 模块３│ 题型探究 economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.
… 模块３│ 题型探究 ()The author mentions businesses in the paragraph in order to ________. A．argue against free university education B．call on them to finance students’ studies C．encourage graduates to go into business
D．show their contribution to higher
education 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 A 结构推断题。本题考查例证的功能。题目问此处谈到business有什么目的，就等于问议论文中的论据有什么用：支持论点。马上从本段段首找论点：Many people believe that higher education should be free…从全文可以看出作者是反对free higher education的。
专题一
人物传记型 阅读理解 专题一│ 人物传记型阅读理解 专题导读 专题一 │ 专题导读 人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。这类文章常采用倒叙的写作方 专题一 │ 专题导读 法，即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人，接着介绍这个人的出生、成长过程，然后再记述他(她)一两件主要的事情或业绩，来反映他(她)的思想、品德和情操，最后作者会对他(她)进行评论，从而表达作者对他(她)的情感。 专题一 │ 专题导读 人物传记类文章一般较长，而且该类命题的题量也较多。文章中往往会出现关于该人物的大量细节信息，有些细节很直接，只需理解字面意思即可；有些则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能得出。因此，该类命题既注重考查对特定细节理解的准确性，又注重考查推理判断能力。 专题一 │ 专题导读 另外，虽然人物传记类文章的时间、空间或逻辑线索较清晰，但是为了提高难度，命题者往往使用倒叙、插叙或补叙等手段故意打乱故事的陈述次序，使行文的跳跃性增强，情节复杂化。 典例导练 专题一 │ 典例导练 [2010·湖南]
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951，her mother told her，“Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn’t work out，you’ll have something to rely on.”Mary responded in typical teenage fashion.From that moment on，“the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course，”she recalls. 专题一 │ 典例导练 The show business thing worked out，of course.In her career，Mary won many awards.Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，did she regret ignoring her mom.“I don’t know how to use a computer，”she admits. 专题一 │ 典例导练 Unlike her 1995 autobiography，After All，her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes(糖尿病)．All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation(JDRF)，an organization she serves as international chairman.“I felt there was a need for a book like this，”she says.“I didn’t want to lecture，but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we’re self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease.” 专题一 │ 典例导练 But she hasn’t always practised what she teaches.In her book，she describes that awful day，almost 40 years ago，when she received two pieces of life-changing news.First，she had lost the baby she was carrying and second，tests showed that she had diabetes.In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts(甜甜圈)．Years would pass 专题一 │ 典例导练 before she realized she had to grow up—again—and take control of her diabetes，not let it control her.Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit，overcome her addiction to alcohol，and begin to follow a balanced diet. Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced herto the sidelines of the 专题一 │ 典例导练 dance floor，she refuses to fall into self-pity.“Everybody on earth can ask，‘Why me？’about something or other，”she insists.“It doesn’t do any good.No one is immune(免疫的) to heartache pain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can make things better by helping others.I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time.I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.” 专题一 │ 典例导练 ()1. Why did Mary feel regretful? A．She didn’t achieve her ambition. B．She didn’t take care of her mother. C．She didn’t complete her high school. D．She didn’t follow her mother’s advice. ()2. We can know that before 1995 Mary
________. A．had two books published B．received many career awards C．knew how to use a computer D．supported the JDRF by writing
专题一 │ 典例导练 ()3. Mary’s second book Growing Up Again is
mainly about her ________. A．living with diabetes B．successful show business C．service for an organization D．remembrance of her mother ()4. When Mary received the life-changing
news，she ________. A．lost control of herself B．began a balanced diet C．tried to get a treatment D．behaved in an adult way 专题一 │ 典例导练 ()5.What can we know from the last paragraph? A．Mary feels pity for herself. B．Mary has recovered from her disease. C．Mary wants to help others as much as
possible. D．Mary determines to go back to the dance floor. 专题一 │ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了玛丽·摩尔的职业生涯及其与病魔之争。 1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom. ‘I don’t know how to use a computer，’ she admits.”可判断选D。 2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards.”可判断选B。 模块３│ 题型探究 With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding furiously—but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart and his legs pumping furiously, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings(蜇).
模块３│ 题型探究 The last sting had landed him in hospital—and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, don’t panic.Use your brain and think your way out of it.” 模块３│ 题型探究 On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home. “Bees don’t like smoke，” he thought. “They couldn’t get into the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson house, but the bees were gaining ground. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon.
模块３│ 题型探究 Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, he spotted a small dam used by Mr. Nelson to irrigate his vegetable garden. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the savage insects. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the 模块３│ 题型探究 dam, he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mrs. Nelson took him inside and rang his mother.
“You’ll really need that fishing break to help you recover，” laughed his mother with relief. “Thank goodness you didn’t panic！” But Andy did not hear her. He was dreaming once again of the fish he would catch tomorrow.
模块３│ 题型探究 ()Which of the following can best describe Andy’s escape from the bees? A．No pains, no gains. B．Once bitten, twice shy.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．In time of danger, one’s mind works
fast.
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 D 主旨大意题。本文讲述了主人公Andy在上学途中遭遇蜂群攻击， 急中生智， 躲入水中避险成功的故事。根据最后一段第二句Andy妈妈的话“Thank goodness you didn’t panic！(谢天谢地你没有慌神！)”可知，情急之下Andy仍然成功想到办法脱险，再综合A、B、C、D四个选项的意思， 可以判断选D。 模块３│ 题型探究 【规律技巧提炼】
阅读中最棘手的恐怕要数所选的短文出现无主题句的情况。如果没有主题句，考生可以采用提纲挈领法，通过分析细节把文章的要点归纳出来。尤其是记叙文，作者有时仅仅叙述事件所发生的时间或介绍人物，并不发表自己的观点，因此主题往往比较含蓄和隐蔽。这时可以回顾全文来概括文章的主旨，具体方法是：
模块３│ 题型探究 1. 判断出文章的主题究竟是指一个人、一个地方还是一件事情或者是某一事情的过程。总之，人、物、地点、思想或过程都可以成为文章的主题。 2. 读完一篇短文后应有意识地回味一下文章的大致内容，理一理文章的脉络，体会一下段与段之间的内在联系，一般来说文章的中心就能概括出来，涉及文章大意主旨方面的题目自然会在头脑中由模糊变清晰。 模块３│ 题型探究 ? 探究点三词义猜测型
历年高考都把猜测词义作为考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能列入试题，词义猜测可以是一个单词的意义猜测，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义猜测，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的猜测。 模块３│ 题型探究 【命题形式】
1．The underlined words “took off” in Paragraph 2 mean… 2．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to? 3．The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that… 4．Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” in the third paragraph?
模块３│ 题型探究 5．The underlined phrase “turn his back on”(Paragraph 6)most probably means… 6．By saying “We need them yesterday”(Paragraph 7)，Stover means that snakelike robots… 模块３│ 题型探究 【解题策略】
1. 根据定义、解释或同位关系来猜测词义
句子中有些词其前或其后的文字中就有该词的定义或解释，我们可通过对其定义或解释的理解推测出它的词义。定义、解释多样，常用“to be defined as, to be called, that is to be, to mean, to refer to, that is (to say), in other words, namely”等词语预示着下文对前文的信息加以重复或解释。还有一些标点符号，如：冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。 模块３│ 题型探究 2．依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义 运用对比手法描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手法下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有：but/yet/however/nevertheless; while/whereas;
otherwise/or else; unlike/instead/rather than; by contrast/compared to; on the contrary/ on the other hand 等。 模块３│ 题型探究 3．依据逻辑推理猜测词义 运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系、同位关系、对比关系、转折关系等。此外，考生还可以依据词性变化和词义变化(词义引申)来猜测词义。
模块３│ 题型探究 例1 Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was endlessly going, so that he was forced to escape to the outside of the house—the only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked_husband. ()The underlined words “henpecked husband” probably mean a man who ________.
A．likes huntingB．is afraid of hens C．loves his wife
D．is afraid of his wife 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 D 依据标点符号猜测词义。破折号起进一步解释说明的作用。由句前信息 “他为逃避妻子的唠叨而逃到屋外”可知“他是一个怕老婆的人”，因此选D。
模块３│ 题型探究 例2 [2010·辽宁]
I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I’m in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There，“I’m having a dinner party” means：“I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the cheque evenly, no matter what you eat.” 模块３│ 题型探究 ()What does the word “shot” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Choice.
B．Try.
C．Style.
D．Goal. 【解析】
B 词义猜测题。依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义。从第一句的hated，到But意义上的转折，说明尽管不喜欢，还是要“尝试一下”，所以try的意思更接近shot。 模块３│ 题型探究 ? 探究点四推理判断型 推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为以下几类：(1)细节推断。如时间、地点、 模块３│ 题型探究 人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度；(4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。 【命题形式】
1．It can be inferred from the passage(or the last paragraph)that… 2．It can be learned from the passage(or the last paragraph)that… 模块３│ 题型探究 3．It can be concluded from the passage(or the last paragraph)that… 4．It implies that… 5．Where would you most probably find this passage? 6．What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)? 7．What is the author’s main purpose in this passage?
8．The writer’s purpose in writing this story is… 模块３│ 题型探究 【解题策略】
解答推理判断题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想。针对细节的推断，可首先通过辨认细节、事实的追忆技巧，了解并理解有关的事实或证据，然后运用查读法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，并对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，先根据主题思想，再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证、原因与结果、主观点与次观点，要注意抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章 模块３│ 题型探究 内容，注意文章结构层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会的常识，仔细斟酌，作出准确的推断和引申，也要借助常识作出合理的推断和判断。 1. 推测上下文的的内容 (1)推测下文的内容：关注最后一段的内容，尤其是最后的两三句话，根据作者的思路进行推理。 (2)推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。 模块３│ 题型探究 2．根据事实细节，推断合理信息 推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能作出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息作多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据， 推论有理， 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。 模块３│ 题型探究 3．推断作者的观点 应当全面理解文章的内容及文章的中心思想，注意能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子。 4. 推测写作目的 不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的， 但写作目的通常有以下三种： (1)娱乐读者，让人发笑(to entertain readers，to make people laugh)，常见于故事类的文章。 模块３│ 题型探究 (2)说服读者接受某种观点(to persuade readers)，常见于广告类的文章。 (3)告知读者某些信息(to inform readers)，多见于科普类﹑资讯报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。 模块３│ 题型探究 例 [2010·浙江]
My family and I lived across the street from Southway Park since I was four years old.Then just last year the city put a chain link fence around the park and started bulldozing(用推土机推平) the trees and grass to make way for a new apartment complex. When I saw the fence and bulldozers，I asked myself，“Why don’t they just leave it alone？” 模块３│ 题型探究 Looking back，I think what sentenced the park to oblivion (被遗忘) was the drought(旱灾) we had about four years ago.Up until then，Southway Park was a nice green park with plenty of trees and a public swimming pool.My friends and I roller-skated on the sidewalks，climbed the trees，and swam in the pool all the years I was growing up.The park was almost like my own yard.Then the summer I was fifteen the drought came and things changed. 模块３│ 题型探究 There had been almost no rain at all that year.The city stopped watering the park grass.Within a few weeks I found myself living across the street from a huge brown desert.Leaves fell off the park trees，and pretty soon the trees started dying，too.Next，the park swimming pool was closed.The city cut down on the work force that kept the park，and pretty soon it just got too ugly and dirty to enjoy anymore. 模块３│ 题型探究 As the drought lasted into the fall，the park got worse every month.The rubbish piled up or blew across the brown grass.Soon the only people in the park were beggars and other people down on their luck.People said drugs were being sold or traded there now.The park had gotten scary，and my mother told us kids not to go there anymore. 模块３│ 题型探究 The drought finally ended and things seemed to get back to normal，that is，everything but the park.It had gotten into such bad shape that the city just let it stay that way.Then about six months ago I heard that the city was going to “redevelop” certain worn-out areas of the city.It turned out that the city had planned to get rid of the park，sell the land and let someone build rows of apartment buildings on it. 模块３│ 题型探究
Jason Swencki’s son, Kody, was diagnosed with type diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online children’s forums(论坛) together most evenings. “Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over，” says Swencki, one of the site’s volunteers. “They know what he’s going through, so he doesn’t feel alone.”
模块３│ 题型探究 Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages.
These days, Thomas’s main focus is his charity(慈善机构), Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people—225 to date—who can’t afford a diabetic’s huge expenses. Fight-it.org has raised about $23,000—in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean.
模块３│ 题型探究 Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables. “Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure，” says Bentley Gubar,
one of Rockstar’s original members. “But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.”
模块３│ 题型探究 ()Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas? A．He needs to go to the doctor every day.
B．He studies the leading cause of diabetes. C．He has a positive attitude to his disease.
D．He encourages diabetics by writing articles.
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 C 通读全文可知，Christopher Thomas对于自己的疾病采取了积极的态度，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素)three times a day for the rest of his life不符；B项与文中的Thomas开办网站、与病人及其家属分享有关的信息和资源不符；D项提到的写作是Thomas的专职工作，而他的志愿工作才是运作Fight It 这个慈善机构。 模块３│ 题型探究 (5)事实排序题 这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生、发展的正确顺序。 例 … A Russian lawyer yesterday said the country’s border guards repeatedly fired on and sank the fleeing Chinese cargo vessel off Russia’s coast on Sunday. 模块３│ 题型探究 Alexander Selentsov, a law officer in Vladivostok city, told the Interfax News Agency the Russian border guards received orders from the Federal Security Service last weekend “to open fire” on New Star, the Chinese ship, to stop it from escaping Russia’s Nakhodka port. “The order was carried out after radio warnings.”He said. Russian officials had preciously denied border guards had fired on the ship after local media 模块３│ 题型探究 reported the incident and said severe weather caused the sinking. Vladivostok Daily News the first newspaper to report that the ship was fired upon, said more than 500 rounds were shot at the ships bow and stern. The Russian border guards watched the ship sink for nearly 24 hours, and made no response to the crewmen’s cries for help, the report said. 模块３│ 题型探究 Sixteen sailors from New Star boarded two lifeboats, Russian crewmen saved one lifeboat. While the other, carrying seven Chinese and an Indonesian, was swallowed by waves. … 模块３│ 题型探究 ()Which is the right order of the ship sinking? a．New Star overturned and started sinking. b．One lifeboat was swallowed by waves. c．Russian warship fired upon New Star. d．Sailors boarded two life boats. A．a c b d B．b a c d C．c a d b
D．d c a b
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 C 事实排序题。由文章的介绍可以看出：俄罗斯军舰开火发生在最前面，然后是“新星号”下沉，接下来是船员登上救生艇，最后是一艘救生艇被海水吞没。 【规律技巧提炼】
在具体的解答时可采用 “首尾定位法”。即先找出首先发生的事和最后发生的事，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出答案。 模块３│ 题型探究 (6)数据计算题 要弄清数据间的逻辑关系，选准正确的数据进行计算，同时弄清单位之间的换算关系。 例 [2010·宁夏海南]
Shakespeare’s Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare’s World … 模块３│ 题型探究 … ()How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children? A．￡9.80.
B．￡12.00. C．￡14.20.
D．￡16.40. 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 B 题干关键词为admission。由此可知，应该在第二个表格中寻找相关的信息。根据第二个表格中Family ￡12.0 (2 adults ＋ up to 3 children)，即是一家人(2个成年人和至多3个小孩)需要￡12.00。 模块３│ 题型探究 主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中不可缺少的阅读题型之一，而且难度比较大。细分起来，主要考查考生对文章的中心思想、作者的态度以及写作意图等的理解能力。
【命题形式】
1. 考查文章的中心思想
The main idea/key point of this passage is that… The passage is mainly about… From the passage we can learn/conclude that… Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
? 探究点二主旨大意型 模块３│ 题型探究 2．考查文章标题的选择
The best title/headline for this passage is…
Which of the following is the best title?
What would be the best title for the text?
The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is…
模块３│ 题型探究 【解题策略】
1. 抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨 找准主题句是关键。寻找主题句多采用浏览法(skimming)。主题句通常在文章开头，也有可能在中间或末尾。在很多情况下，主题句如果在段首，其后可能有for example，first，second等信息词。主题句如果在段末，其前可能有above all，all in all等信息词。利用这些信息词，可迅速找到主题句。一般来说，文章前三句所提供的信息能够让读者了解其大致内容，而读懂每段的 模块３│ 题型探究 第一句话则有助于掌握本段的主要内容。这样做的目的不仅在于可以迅速地把握全段的大意，更重要的是，在时间紧迫的情况下，可以对一段话进行缩读、略读和扫读。 2. 抓住段落大意，概括中心思想 寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。 模块３│ 题型探究 3. 抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心 先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。了解文章的结构，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。对这种能力的考查一般反映在文章的中心内容、文中某一段的大意或指代关系的题目中。
模块３│ 题型探究 例1 [2010·四川]
… Candidates(申请人)will have experience of both management and research support/technical services.Knowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are necessary. Education to degree level is also desirable. … 模块３│ 题型探究 ()What does the paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The technical skills of a would-be ROM. B．The practical experience of a would-be
ROM. C．The personal information of a would-be
ROM. D．The necessary requirements for a
would-be ROM. 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 D 主旨大意题。依据本段提供的信息，申请人要有管理和技术服务的经验、研究操作的知识及极好的交际技能等，可知本段主要讲对应聘职位者具体能力的要求。 模块３│ 题型探究 【规律技巧提炼】
资讯报道的第一段一般首先概括全文的中心，然后再详细叙述事件的发生、发展和结局，因此其第一段就是全文的主题句。另外有些说明性或议论性文章也会开门见山地提出文章说明的中心或阐述的观点，等把一切问题都说透了，所有论据都摆全了，作者最后用一句话来概括全文，点明文章的中心，此种情况下文章的主题句出现在文章的最后。
模块３│ 题型探究 例2 [2010·重庆]
One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的)to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast.
模块３│ 题型探究 We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked， “May I get you something？” 模块３│ 题型探究 “A coffee would be nice.”
Then I bought him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee. Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked， “How did you get to know Mr. Galbreath？” “Who？” 模块３│ 题型探究 “The man you were sitting with. He is the chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs.” I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world’s richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr. Galbreath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity.
模块３│ 题型探究 ()What is the message mainly expressed in the story? A．We should learn to be generous.
B．It is honorable to help those in need.
C．People in high positions are not like
what we expect.
D．We should avoid judging people by their
appearances.
模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 D 主旨大意题。该文属于主题句在篇末。根据文章最后一句Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity. 可知，作者想要表达的是不要以貌取人。由此判断选D。
模块３│ 题型探究 【规律技巧提炼】
有些说明文或议论文先指出一般的问题或现象，然后具体阐述正确的方式或作者自己的观点，等到把一切问题都说透了，所有论据都摆全了，最后用一句话来概括全文，点明文章的中心，此种情况下文章的主题句出现在文章的最后。 模块３│ 题型探究 例3 [2010·江西]
Andy rode slowly on his way to school, day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.
模块３│ 题型探究 He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him.
专题一 人物传记型阅读理解 专题二 故事型阅读理解 专题三 资讯报道型阅读理解 专题四 广告应用型阅读理解 专题五 文化教育型阅读理解 专题六 历史地理型阅读理解 专题七 社会生活型阅读理解 专题八 科普知识型阅读理解 模块３ 阅读理解
模块３ 阅读理解 考纲解读 模块３│ 考纲解读 高考阅读理解要求考生在35分钟内完成4篇不同题材、体裁的短文理解和一篇信息匹配的文字材料。阅读理解作为考查考生语言能力的重点， 要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料。考生应能：理解主旨要义；理解文中的具体信息；作出简单的判断和推理；理解文章的基本逻辑结构；理解作者的意图和态度。 其具体要求为：
模块３│ 考纲解读 1．能够读懂生词率不超过3%的短文。 2．把握短文的主要线索、时间和空间。 3．能够对短文内容作出简单以及抽象的判断。 4．理解短文的基本结构，了解重点段落、重点词句的含义，推测作者意图，把握文章脉络。 5．熟悉掌握实用性问题的用法，如：书刊、影视、产品等方面的广告、说明、通知、社评、旅游等文章。 命题分析 模块３│ 命题分析 2010广东高考的阅读理解题呈现出以下特点： 1．体裁多样，选材新颖，话题广泛 体裁的多样化是最显著的特点，涉及记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文等。 2．语言地道，题型合理 材料都是选取原汁原味的英语文章，所选的材料均来源于实际生活，涉及的内容也是实际生活内容，强调语篇选材的真实性。在题型设计上，包括细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题和词义猜测题等几大题型。 以下是广东省近3年高考自主命题阅读理解部分的特点及对照： 模块３│ 命题分析 应试点睛 模块３│ 应试点睛 一、掌握策略，战无不胜 阅读理解无论从难度和分数所占比重都是首先应该受到学生重视的，但很多学生在做阅读理解时总是感觉时间不够用，其实只要灵活处理好以下几个方面的关系，这个问题便可迎刃而解。 1.正确处理好“快”与“准”的关系 在准确把握文章整体、细节以及严密推理的基础上，尽量提高阅读速度，但不要单纯地追求阅读速度。这样对文章的理解就会非常清晰，哪些题目是自己有把握的，哪些是 模块３│ 应试点睛 拿不准的心里也就有了底。然后对自己拿不准的题目再仔细推敲，力争有所突破。
2．正确处理好复杂句式、生词和选项的关系
高考阅读的长句、难句的数量逐年增多。结构复杂、修饰语叠缀、信息容量大的句子在新课标的高考试卷中频频出现，有时一个句子占几行甚至一个自然段，这就造成了理解的困难，而且也增加了考生的心理压力。为此，建议大家对这些拦路虎加以正确区分对待：与题目无关，不影响理解文章大意的，就不必浪费时间和精力；相反，那些和题目相关的长难句，我们就要首先分析其类型(是带 模块３│ 应试点睛 有较多成分的简单句，还是含有多个简单句的并列句，还是含 有多个从句的复合句，还是含有多个插入成分的句子)，然后理清句子成分，去除干扰成分，抓住句子主干，这样就能准确把握句子的意义。 对待生词也应该采取同样的方法。首先看看生词是否与题目、文章的大意有关，如果是题目要求所必需的，我们就要弄清楚生词所处的语境，以及和下文的联系，推测生词的含义，否则就忽略它。
模块３│ 应试点睛 3．正确处理好所需信息与剩余信息的关系 我们在做题时，没有必要把每一句都弄得清清楚楚，只要重点理解与题目有关的信息就可以了。这就要求考生在答题时，最好先大体浏览一下文后的题目，确定主攻方向，然后带着问题阅读文章，特别要关注首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题和脉络，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息。然后针对测试题的要求，细心阅读与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落。
模块３│ 应试点睛 4．所选有据，忠实原文，避免主观 做题时，我们必须以作者的思维模式为准绳，以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，切忌把自己的观点和看法当作原文或作者的观点。同时，符合原文的选项是正确选项但不一定就是最佳选项，阅读题要求选的是最佳选项，有的选项从某个枝节来看是对的，但从全文来看则不是最佳的，因此，必须通盘考虑，取主要，舍枝节。
模块３│ 应试点睛 二、明确步骤，战无不胜 1．阅读题干，明确问题。在阅读文章之前，可以通过题干对文章进行初步了解。这样，在下一步阅读时就可以针对问题直接找答案，减少了盲目性。 2．快速掌握大意，不在细节上纠缠。在第一步的基础上迅速阅读并对文章有大致的了解，这是选出正确答案的前提。 模块３│ 应试点睛 3．阅读问题题干及其选项，在文中寻找相关的材料并预选答案。可在文中相应处作标记，以便进一步了解并最终确定答案。 4．带着问题略读原文，确定选项。答完所有题目后，再快速阅读一遍文章，检查各题所选选项是否正确。查看各题选项是否前后照应，与原文有无矛盾，文中是否有疏漏的重要线索。
模块３│ 应试点睛 三、知己知彼，减少失误 有时候四个选项中总有一个极易误选，因此，了解阅读理解题中的干扰项的特点，可以大大减少我们不必要的失误。概括起来，干扰项可分为以下三种类型： 1．与原文矛盾。即选项与文章内容相矛盾。这种选项的干扰性较小，只要仔细阅读就可排除。 模块３│ 应试点睛 2．无中生有。即选项与文章内容不矛盾，但在文中没有相关信息支持，没有根据。这类选项的干扰较大。在做此类题时，切忌把自己或他人观点作为选择依据。 3．答非所问。选题与题目关系不大，选项没有针对题目来阐述。这类题目干扰性也较大。同学们在做此类题时，不仅要判断选项内容的正确性，还应注意选项是否针对题目。
题型探究 模块３│ 题型探究 【命题形式】
1．Which of the following statements is True(Not True)? 2．Which of the questions has not been mentioned(or discussed)in the passage? 3．What is the reason that…？ 4．What do we know about…？ ? 探究点一细节理解型 模块３│ 题型探究 5．How did the people know the couple’s problem?
6．Why was the bike so important to the couple? 【解题策略】
1. 掌握技巧，灵活运用 (1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。 模块３│ 题型探究 (2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。细节理解题通常采用词语和句型转换的形式来取代原文中的表述，命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。 模块３│ 题型探究 (3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳，切忌根据“一面之词”草率地作出结论。 模块３│ 题型探究 2. 了解特点，对症下药 (1)直接信息题 直接信息题能直接从原文中找到信息，而且选项和原文在语言表述上也没有大的变化或有时候仅仅在表达方式上稍作转化。 例 [2010·宁夏海南]
… The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street(3 minutes’ walk). 模块３│ 题型探究 The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible(可进入的) to wheelchair user.
The Shakespeare Coffee House(opposite the Birthplace).
()A wheelchair user may need help to enter ________.
A．the House B．the garden
C．the Visitor’s Centre
D．the exhibition hall 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 A 题干关键词为：wheelchair。根据选文中的“The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible(可进入的)to wheelchair user.”可知：对于轮椅使用者来说，可能进入房子有些困难，但是游客中心，展览厅还有花园都可以进入。由此可以直接得出答案。 【规律技巧提炼】
在解这类题时，大家可以采取“题干定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法。
模块３│ 题型探究 (2) 间接信息题 这类题目我们能够从文章中找到信息，但原文信息又不是解题所直接需要的，需要我们对原文信息进行合理地加工处理，根据信息作简单推理或鉴别。它是介于直接信息题和推理判断题之间的一种题型。 例 To you，the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best—not the one that is the most 模块３│ 题型探究 competitive(有竞争力的)or the one has the best equipped rooms. ()The author thinks you should choose the college that is ________. A．well-equipped B．competitive C．suitable D．famous 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 C 从文中可以看出，作者认为选择学校的时候最重要的是学校要适合(fit)你，即选项C，而不是“装备 好的”、“有竞争力的”和“著名的”。 模块３│ 题型探究 (3)综合信息题
这类题目的信息不仅仅涉及文章的某一句话，还可能涉及文章的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要求考生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能“断章取义”，也不能张冠李戴。 例 [2010·湖北]
… Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is—politics, the laws of physics or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually 模块３│ 题型探究 knowssomething—and
therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.
()Parents and teens want to be right because they want to ________.
A．give orders to the other
B．know more than the other
C．gain respect from the other
D．get the other to behave properly 模块３│ 题型探究 【解析】 C 题干的关键词是want to be right because，回原文定位到“Third, needing to be right.”。接着原文往下看“It doesn’t matter what the topic is—politics, the laws of physics or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are
right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something—and therefore to command respect.” 模块３│ 题型探究 这句话虽然看起来很复杂，但遇到插入语可以跳过不看(这里破折号中间的内容均为插入语)，将其省略，句子就会变得简单得多。又由于题干是对原因的提问，这里我们只重点看for后面的内容“for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something and therefore to command respect”，故答案为C。 模块３│ 题型探究 (4)是非辨别题
这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。 例 [2010·山东]
Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素)three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage,
模块３│ 题型探究 blindness, and even death. And if that weren’t bad enough, he had no health insurance.
After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he’d better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created diabeticrockstar. com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.