专题导读 专题二│ 专题导读 说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。其语言特点有： 1．多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释。 2．采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。 专题二│ 专题导读 分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。 典例导练 专题二│ 典例导练 [2010·广东省广州重点中学六校联考] The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes. For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone 1.________ (need) it. Some people use the air to sustain them while 2.________(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves. 3.________ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make 4.________ magnificent life. Opportunity 专题二│ 典例导练 is 5.________ same way; it is everywhere. It is 6.________freely available that we take it for granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success; it 7.________ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value. So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work that’s 8.________(possible). Just as you
专题二│ 典例导练 need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, 9.________. You must make use of it. That’s not up to the opportunity, that’s up to you. It doesn’t matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but 10.________ matters is what you do with it. 专题二 │ 典例导练 参考答案： 1．needs 考查主谓一致， everyone后用第三人称单数的谓语动词。 2．seated 过去分词作伴随状语， 相当于“while they are seated”。 3．Others 句型：some…others… 4．a 一种奇妙的生活。 5．the
此处意为：机会也是如此。 专题二 │ 典例导练 6．so 句型：so…that… 7．must be seized 依据上下文的理解， “有机遇必须抓住， 你才能成功。” 8．impossible 依据上下文和构词法， 此处应为“不可能”， 故用“impossible”。 9．however/though 插入语， 意为“然而”。 10．what 引导主语从句。
专题预测 专题二│ 专题预测 Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from 1.________ of 500 years ago. In time, some languages become more important and 2.________ less important. Some even die 3.________ completely. If a language has a large number of speakers, or if it is very old, 4.________ may be differences 5.________ the way it is spoken in different areas. That is, the language
专题二│ 专题预测
may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese 6.________ (speak) for thousands of years by many millions of speakers. The differences between the dialects of Chinese are 7.________ great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China cannot understand each other. There are other kinds of dialects. In some languages 专题二│ 专题预测 we find words or expressions and even grammatical forms, 8.________ are used only by men and others used by women. What’s 9.________ (much), each generation uses its own expressions and grandparents and grandchildren may sometimes have difficulty 10.________(understand) each other.
专题二 │ 专题预测 参考答案 1．that 代替上文的the English。
2．others 句型“some…others…”， others后省略了become。 3．out 词组die out, 意为“绝种”。 4．there there be句型。 5．in in the way以这种方式。 专题二 │ 专题预测 6．has been spoken 依据文章的理解应为现在完成时的被动语态。 7．so so…that…句型。 8．which 引导非限制性定语从句， 修饰forms。 9．more 插入语：what’s more 更有甚者。 10．understanding 句型“have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something”。
专题三
议论文型语
法填空 专题三│ 议论文型语法填空 专题导读 专题三│ 专题导读 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。 议论文有自己的语言特点，了解了文章整体意思后，要通过字里行间的意思推断作者的观点、意图和立场(同意什么，反对什么，喜好什么，憎恶什么，主张什么等等)，这种理解直接决定你的填词。仔细复读全文，关注自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意贯通、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性。 典例导练 专题三│ 典例导练 [2010·广东]
A young man，while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.1.________water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder 2.________ had been his teacher.After a four-day journey，the young man 3.________(present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink，smiled 4.________(warm), and thanked his student very much 专题三│ 典例导练 for the sweet water.The young man went home 5.________a happy heart.
After the student left, the teacher let 6.________student taste the water. He spit it out,7.________(say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 8.________？”
专题三│ 典例导练 The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 9.________(sweet)．” We understand this lesson best 10.________we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. 专题三│ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文讲述的是一个中国寓言故事。 1．The 上文a spring of clear water为第一次提到water，下文紧接着第二次提到water，为特指。 2．who who引导定语从句修饰限制an elder且作从句的主语。 3．presented 本句缺少谓语，由整篇文章知道时态为过去时。 4．warmly 修饰动词smile应用副词。 5．with 本处缺介词，构成介词短语，并且表伴随状态。 专题三│ 典例导练 6．another 由student单数可知前面代词应指一个人，由下文“He asked his teacher”可知是另一个学生。 7．saying 整句中已有谓语动词spit，故此处应填非谓语动词，又表伴随状态，用v-ing形式。 8．it 由上文“the water was awfal”可知：是问为什么假装喜欢水，水为不可数名词，由代词it代替。 9．sweeter 用nothing与an act of kindness and love相对比。此题考查形容词比较级。 10．that 由that引导从句作this lesson的同位语，此题考查从句的连词选择。 专题预测 专题三│ 专题预测 (一) Sometimes things that happen to you may seem horrible, painful, and unfair at first, but upon reflection, you will find that without overcoming them, you would 1.________ have realized your strength, willpower, or heart. Illness, injury, 2.________(lose) greatness, and stupidity all occur to test the limits of your soul. Without these small tests, whatever they may be, life 专题三│ 专题预测 3.________(be) like a smoothly paved road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and 4.________(true) pointless. If someone hurts you, betrays you, or breaks your heart, forgive them, for they have helped you 5.________ (learn) about trust and the importance of being cautious 6.________ whom you open your heart.
专题三│ 专题预测 Make every day count, appreciate every moment and take from those moments everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience 7.________ again. Talk to people that you have never talked to 8.________， and listen to what they have to say. You can make 9.________ you wish of your life. Create your own life, 10.________ live it with absolutely no regrets.
专题三│ 专题预测 参考答案： (一) 1．never/not 依据上下文的理解， 在此应为否定。 2．lost “丢面子”，相当于“greatness that is lost”。 3．would be 虚拟语气的考查。 4．truly 词性转换， true的副词应为truly, 注意拼写。 5．(to) learn help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事。 专题三│ 专题预测 6．to open your heart to sb.，故用to。 7．it 指代上文的everything。 8．before 依据上下文理解应为before, 以前没有谈过话的人。 9．anything 你可以对生活中的任何东西寄予希望。 10．and 句型：祈使句＋and＋其他成分。 专题三│ 专题预测 (二) I think it is our duty to work, but the lazy man wastes his time, and his life is 1.________ no use to himself or to others. The man who is 2.________lazy to work is the man who is likely ready to beg or to steal. Everyone when he is young should learn some useful work. But it is not enough 3.________ one should learn some kind of work. He should work hard, and 4.________waste his 专题三│ 专题预测 spare minutes. “Work while you work and play while you play” is as good a rule for young people 5.________ for old. There is no 6.________ aid to diligence than the habit of early rising, and this, like all other good 7.________is most easily formed in youth. There is an English saying “8.________ (lose) time never returns”. This means that everybody must be diligent, and must
专题三│ 专题预测 make good use of his time. One must study hard when he is young, so that he may succeed in his life and become useful to his country. I have never heard that those 9.________(be) diligent will become beggars, but lazy fellows will. 10.________， I should say that diligence is the mother of success. 专题三│ 专题预测 参考答案： (二) 1．of 句型：be of no use/value/interest…， 可理解为be useless/valuable/interesting… 2．too 句型：too…to…， 此处意为“太懒而不做事”。 3．that 句型：It is…that… 4．never/not 此处意为“不能浪费业余时间”。 5．as 句型：as…as… 专题三│ 专题预测 6．better 此处意为“没有更好的……”。 7．habits 8．Lost 过去分词作定语， 意为“丢失的时间不再回来”。 9．being 现在分词作定语。 10．Therefore/So 依据上下文可知为因果关系。 专题一 记叙文型语法填空 专题二 说明文型语法填空 专题三 议论文型语法填空 模块２ 语法填空
模块２
语法填空 考纲解读 模块２│ 考纲解读 语法填空是广东省自行设计的一种新题型， 具有一定的创新意义。主要的创新在于：在语篇层面上考查语言知识， 符合新课标倡导的语言学习理念；试题设计采用了填空方式， 而不是单项选择， 真正激活了学生的语言知识及应用能力， 对中学英语教学有较好的反馈作用；考试内容不仅涉及句子的语法结构， 还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用(比如：代词的指称涉及篇章的连贯等), 符合语言真实性的要求， 让学生在更加真实的语境中运用自己的语言知识。
命题分析 模块２│ 命题分析 主要考查的知识点：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点。它主要考查考生对高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握和逻辑推理能力等情况。其命题特点如下： 1．短文长度：在150—200词左右，其中2007年高考题是197词，2008年高考题是185词，2009年高考题是220词。2010年高考题是182词。 模块２│ 命题分析 2．考查篇章理解。语法填空是以短文为载体，考查语法的同时，也考查了考生对语篇的理解。 3．考查基础语法。所填词语既要意思连贯和逻辑正确(符合语境), 又要语法正确。重点考查动词、代词、介词、冠词、词类转换等基础知识。 4．命题形式： (1)给出提示词题型：填实义词——用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形，一般有3个小题。包括动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、名词的单复数，以及词类或词义的转换等。 模块２│ 命题分析 (2)纯空格题型：填功能词——空后没给词，要求考生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个恰当的词，包括代词、介词、限定词 (冠词、物主代词、指示代词等)、连词、时间及地点副词等。这类题大约有7小题。
5．三年高考语法考点： 从考试说明的样题和近两年的高考题来看，实词以动词、代词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。 模块２│ 命题分析 近三年语法填空题考点分布情况 考查知 识点分布 动词(含 非谓语) 形容词、 副词 连词、 从句、 引导词 介 词 代 词 冠 词 名 词 2008年 2个 2个 2个 2个 2个 0个 0个 2009年 3个 0个 1个 2个 2个 1个 1个 2010年 3个 2个 2个 1个 1个 1个 0个 应试点睛 模块２│ 应试点睛 语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文， 然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道语法填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。此题的短文长度应在200词左右。学生在解答语法填空题时应具备以下语法知识： 模块２│ 应试点睛 一、语法填空的考查范围： 1．语境(上下文)； 2．语法：动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词。 固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。 (1) 动词：动词时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等知识。 (2) 引导词：注意一些从句的使用， 如：定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。 模块２│ 应试点睛 (3) 形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换， 形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等知识。 (4) 介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语和动词短语的用法。 (5) 名词、冠词：注意名词的单、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法。 (6) 代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系。 (7) 并列词：and, so, or, otherwise等表示并列、对比， 以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore, however的用法。 模块２│ 应试点睛 (8) 句型：要求归纳整理， 并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型， 如： not…until…； not only…but (also)…； so…that…； not…but…； as…as…； either…or…；
more…than…； neither…nor…；
such…that…；
hardly…when…； no sooner…than…等。 二、语法填空的能力要求： 1．阅读/理解语篇的能力 2．分析句子结构的能力 3．熟练运用语法的能力 4．单词拼写能力
模块２│ 应试点睛 专题一
记叙文型语
法填空 专题一 │ 记叙文型语法填空 专题导读 专题一│ 专题导读 记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体，在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有： 1．以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，才使文章中所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。 2．广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。 专题一│ 专题导读 考生不要读一句就急于填答案，首先通读文章，了解文段中谈及的要点、发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及其关系等，要特别关注整篇文章的时态变换。 典例导练 专题一│ 典例导练 [2009 ·广东] Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 1.________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy 2.________ (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 3.________ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or 4.________ (push)you with their elbows(肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
专题一│ 典例导练 Jane paused in front of a counter 5.________ some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk，”the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.”But Jane knew from past experience that her 6.________ (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes 7.________ sale.She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8.________. 专题一│ 典例导练 although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8.________. When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already 9.________ table having supper.Her mother was excited，“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，”Jane 10.________ (inform)． 专题一 │ 典例导练
参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文讲述Jane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的，却被告知父亲终于戒烟了。 1．it 在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to choose… 2．to please 在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式。 3．a 表示“一次”愉快的经历。 4．pushed 与stepped并列，也用一般过去时。 5．where 两句之间没有连词；后句是定语从句，要填的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。 专题一 │ 典例导练
6．choice 在形容词性物主代词后一定是用名词形式。 7．on on sale表示“出售”，是固定搭配。 8．him 给父亲买礼物，根据常识应是使父亲高兴，作宾语用代词。please him使他高兴。him在此指her father。 9．at 名词(table)在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾语；由having supper可知，填at；因为at table表示“在餐桌边，在进餐”，也是习惯搭配。 10．was informed 因Jane与inform是被动关系，又是一般过去时。 专题预测 专题一│ 专题预测 (一) Two friends visited a zoo together, but the zoo was so large that it was impossible to go everywhere. They had to decide the place and which animals to visit as their time was limited. So both of them agreed not to retrace after 1.________(choose) a branch at every fork. A road sign at the first fork showed one way to the lion quarters and the other 2.________the tiger hill. They decided on the former after a brief 专题一│ 专题预测
3.________(discuss) because lions were “the king of the grassland”. The second showed a division going 4.________(separate) to the panda and peacock; they favored a panda as 5.________was the nation’s treasure. Thus they made choices all along the way and each choice meant 6.________ (give) up what they couldn’t help regretting. But they had to make it, and immediately, for it brooked no delay. If they hesitated they would miss more. Only a rapid one could offer more chances for sightseeing and 专题一 │ 专题预测
7.________ (reduce) possibleregret. Life is more 8.________ less like this—choices often occur that one has to make, for example, between two desirable jobs, two fascinating wooers(追求者)—to get one, you have to give up the other—you could only get half of them. If you spend time weighing and calculating gains and 9.________ (lose), you will be most likely to end up in empty-handedness. Don’t be sad about it.
At least you have got half of the desirable things in life—something that 10.________ (be) hard to come by.
专题一 │ 专题预测
参考答案： (一) 1．choosing after后用动名词， 故用choosing。 2．way to或to 3．discussion 词性转换， 此处应为名词， 意为“经过一番讨论以后”。 4．separately 副词修饰现在分词going。 5．it 指上文的panda。 专题一 │ 专题预测
6．giving mean to do sth.意为“打算去做什么”；mean doing意为“意味着”。 7．reduce 并列谓语， 用原形， 因could为相同部分， 可省略。 8．or 固定短语 more or less, 意为“或多或少”。 9．losses “损失”， 可数名词。
10．is 考查主谓一致， 定语从句的先行词为something, 故用is。
专题一 │ 专题预测
(二) When I walk down Third Avenue, I love to look 1.________the windows of the little shops that sell old and beautiful things. Since I often take my walk after closing time, I 2.________(cup) my hands against the windows to get a small 3.________ at the treasures inside. I see things that tell a story 4.________ words, bits of history, often something that 5.________ (be) clearly one of a kind. Some things look as if they have not been cared for deeply in a long time, but 专题一 │ 专题预测
I know their beauty is 6.________ there beneath their own surface. This is 7.________ I feel about old people, too. I know their value, and it hurts me when others miss it. I was raised by my grandmother and given a deep sense of the value of experience. My sister and I were taught to respect all people, regardless of their age, or co-lor. My grandmother was loved by all the people around her 8.________ she was known to
专题一 │ 专题预测
be a wise and kind woman, able to do things well 9.________ in her last years. Old people should be treated 10.________fine gold. They may be tarnished by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.
专题一 │ 专题预测
参考答案： (二) 1．into 词组look into, 意为“往里看”。 2．cupped 构词法的考核， 名词转化为动词， 且是重读闭音节， 故双写p。 3．look get a small look，意为“看了一眼”。 4．without 依据上下文可理解为：不用语言来讲述的故事。 5．is 考查主谓一致， 因先行词是something, 故用is。 专题一 │ 专题预测
6．still 依据上下文的理解是：它们的美依然还在。 7．how how I feel我感觉如何， 故用how。 8．because 因果关系。 9．even 依据上下文的理解：即便是在她的风烛残年， 她仍然能把事情做好。 10 ．as/like treat sb./sth. as/like…把……当……看待。 专题二
说明文型语
法填空 专题二│ 说明文型语法填空