7．encourage v．鼓励，鼓舞 [归纳] encourage sb.to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事 [拓展] encouragement n.
鼓励 (2009·天津高考)Encouraged by the advances in technology，many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. 受科技进步的激励，很多农民在他们的田地上建起了风力发电农场。 8．energetic adj.精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 [拓展] energy n.
精力，能量
full of energy＝energetic
精力充沛的 The task will take an enormous amount of time and energy.这项任务将耗费大量的时间和精力。 9．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的 [归纳] be enthusiastic about
对……热心 [拓展] enthusiasm n.
热情，热心 They are more than enthusiastic about the idea of the singer coming to visit. 他们对这位歌星要来访一事非常热心。 10．equal adj.平等的，相等的
vt.等于，相当于 [归纳] be equal to
和……相等，能胜任 [拓展] equality n.
相等，平等 He equals me in qualifications but not in experience. 他和我资历相同，但经验不足。 11．equip vt.装配；配备 [归纳] be equipped with
被装备…… [拓展] equipment n.
装备，配备 This is a factory equipped with all the modern machinery.这是一家配备有各种现代机械设备的工厂。 表示“尽管，虽然” 1．although (though，while) conj. 虽然，尽管 While I agree with you，I don't believe that your way is the best. 尽管我同意你的看法，但我不认为你的方法是最好的。 The journey，though difficult，involved no real danger. 旅途虽然艰难，却没有真正的危险。 2．as conj.虽然，尽管 Much as I sympathize with your difficulties，there is little I can do to help you. 尽管我同情你的困境，但我却无力帮你。 3．despite (in spite of)prep.尽管，虽然 Despite all our efforts to save the school，the county decided to close it. 尽管我们竭力想保住这所学校，县里还是决定把它关闭。 [第三组] 1．evidence n．证据，证明 [归纳] in evidence 显著的 [拓展] evident adj.
明显的 There is some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for health. 有证据表明少量饮酒有益健康。 2．expand v．膨胀；扩大 [拓展] expansion n.
扩大，发展；膨胀 If we have a good command of English, we can expand our knowledge of the world. 如果我们精通英语，我们能增加对世界的了解。 3．exist vi.存在 [拓展] existence n.
存在
come into existence
产生；成立
in existence
现存的，现有的 Scientists have many theories about how the universe came into existence. 科学家对宇宙的产生有很多说法。 4．expense n．费用，花费，损失 [归纳] at any expense
不管付出什么代价
at the expense of
付出……的代价 [拓展] expensive adj.
昂贵的 His parents decided to cut down his expenses at college.他父母决定削减他在大学的开支。 5．experience n．经验；经历
vt.体验 [拓展] experienced adj.
经验丰富的 He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life.他平生第一次遇到了巨大的坎坷。 6．express vt.表达；表示
n．特快列车；快递服务 [拓展] expression n.
表达；表情 Parents have expressed their concerns about their children's safety. 家长们表示对孩子们的安全很关心。 7．face n．脸；面部
v．面对；面临 [归纳] in (the) face of
面对
make a face/faces
扮鬼脸
be faced with
面临；面对 Faced with a difficult situation，Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. 面对困境，阿诺德决定向他的老板征求建议。 8．fail n．& v.失败 [归纳] fail in
在……中失败
fail to do sth.
未能做某事
without fail
必定；一定 [拓展] failure n.
失败 Having failed to reach them on the phone，we sent an email instead.没能通过电话与他们取得联系，我们就发了个电子邮件。 9．familiar adj.熟悉的 [归纳] be familiar with sth.
熟悉，通晓
be familiar to sb. 对……人来说是熟悉的 People are more relaxed in familiar surroundings. 人们在熟悉的环境里更放松。 10．fault n．缺点，毛病；过失
[归纳] find fault with...找茬 She is always finding fault with me. 她总是找我的茬。 11．favo(u)r n．恩惠；好意；帮助 [归纳] ask a favor of sb.
请某人帮助
do sb.a favor/do a favor for sb. 帮某人忙
in favor of
支持，赞同 [拓展] favourite adj.
特别热爱的
favourable adj. 善意的，适合的，有利的 I would consider it a favor if you would reply at once. 如果你们立刻回复，我会很感激。 表示“终于，最终” 1．finally adv.最后，终于 We finally arrived home at midnight. 我们终于在午夜时分回到家里。 2．eventually 最终，终于 He worked so hard that eventually he made it. 他工作很努力，最终获得了成功。 3．at last 最后，终于 I'm so pleased that Jane's managed to get a job at last. 简终于找到工作了，我真为此感到高兴。 4．at length 最后，终于 At length，the day came on which we were to leave. 终于到了我们要走的那一天。 5．in the end后来，终于 In the end，I decided that I wouldn't go after all. 最终我还是决定不去。 6．in time最终，迟早 Work hard，and you'll succeed in time. 努力工作，最终你会成功的。 [第一组]
1．deserve vt.应受，应得，值得 [归纳] deserve to do sth.应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done
值得被…… You've been working all morning—I think you deserve (to have)a rest. 整个上午你一直工作。我想你应该休息了。 2．determine v．决定；决心 [归纳] determine to do sth.
决心做某事 [拓展] determined adj.
有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
determination n.
决心；决定 I am determined to find out who is responsible for that.我决心要弄清楚此事谁负责。 3．develop v．发展；开发；培养；冲洗(照片) [拓展] developing adj.
发展中的
developed adj.
发达的
development n.
发展 He believes that sports can develop mind and body. 他相信运动能促进大脑及身体的发育。 4．devote v．奉献，致力于 [归纳] devote...to...
把……用于……
devote oneself to/be devoted to
献身于；致力于 [拓展] devotion n.
献身，热爱 He devoted his life to promoting world peace. 他一生投身于推进世界和平事业。 5．difference n．差别，差异
[归纳] tell the difference between...and...
分清……与……
make a/no difference
有/无影响；有重要作用/无关紧要
Your support and trust can make a great
difference to whether I get the job or not.你的支
持和信任对于我是否能得到这份工作至关重要。 6．direction n．方向；指导 [归纳] in the direction of
朝着……的方向
under one's direction
在某人指导下 [拓展] direct adj.
直接的
v.
指导
director n.
指导者，导演 As shots rang out，the crowd ran screaming in all directions.枪声响起的时候，人群尖叫着四散奔逃。 7．disappoint v．使失望 [拓展] disappointing adj.
令人失望的
disappointed adj.
感到失望的
disappointment n.
失望 We all think it is a disappointing match and we are all disappointed at it.我们都认为这是一场令人失望的比赛，我们对此都感到很失望。 8．discover v．发现，察觉 [拓展] discovery n.
发现
make a discovery
作出一个发现 (2010·江西高考)There are many talented actors out there just waiting to be discovered. 许多有天赋的演员就在那里等着被发现。 9．distance n．距离，疏远 [归纳] in the distance
在远处
at a distance
隔开一段距离
keep sb.at a distance
疏远某人 [拓展] distant adj.
远的，(关系)淡漠的 There has been a great distance between us since our quarrel.自从吵架以来，我们之间一直很疏远。 10．distinguish v．区分，辨别 [归纳] distinguish...from 把……与……区分开来 [拓展] tell...from...
把……与……区分开 Please tell me how to distinguish a poisonous snake from a harmless one. 请告诉我如何区分毒蛇和无毒之蛇。 11．disturb v．打扰；扰乱 [拓展] disturbing adj.
令人不安的 Sorry to disturb you，but I have an urgent message from your husband. 对不起打扰了，可我有你丈夫的紧急信息。 表示“忍受/容忍” 1．bear v．忍受 Sue can't bear being parted from her daughter. 休无法忍受与她的女儿分开。 2．stand v．忍受，容忍 How can you stand Mary coming home late all the time? 你怎么能容忍玛丽总是晚回家？ 3．tolerate v．容忍 She tolerated his bad behaviour patiently，hoping he would begin to behave better. 她耐着性子容忍他的不良表现，希望他能开始变好。 4．put up with 容忍，忍受 I don't know how you put up with their constant quarrelling.我不知道你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。 [第二组] 1．doubt n．& v.怀疑 [归纳] There is no doubt that... 不容置疑……。
There is some doubt whether...
怀疑是否……。 There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job. 人们怀疑他是否是这项工作的最佳人选。 2．dream n．& v．梦，做梦，梦想 [归纳] dream a ...dream
做……的梦
dream of/about
梦想 It has long been his dream to sail across the Atlantic alone. 很长时间以来独自横渡大西洋一直是他的梦想。 3．eager adj.渴望的，热切的 [归纳] be eager to do sth.
渴望做某事
be eager for
渴望……
be too eager to do sth.
太想做某事 Some patients are only too eager to tell you exactly how they feel. 某些病人非常想向你倾诉他们的感受。 4．effect n．结果，影响 [归纳] have an effect on
对……有影响
come into effect
生效 [拓展] influence n．&v.
影响
affect vt.
对……有影响 The medicine had an instant effect on me. 这药我吃了以后立竿见影。 5．effort n．努力，尽力 [归纳] make an effort to do sth.
努力做某事
spare no effort
不遗余力 It takes a lot of time and effort to get an exhibition ready. 准备展览是要花费大量的时间和精力的。 6．embarrass v．使窘迫，尴尬 [拓展] embarrassing adj.
令人尴尬的
embarrassed adj.
尴尬的 The firm wants to avoid any embarrassing questions about its finances. 公司想避开任何有关其财政方面的令人尴尬的问题。