高三英语二轮 三轮总复习重点突破 专题五 书面表达 试题分析与技巧点拨课件

　　专题五　书面表达 试题分析与技巧点拨

　　一、书面表达题的命题特点 书面表达题通常要求考生根据情景写一篇100—150词的短文，旨在考查考生是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能进行写作。写作的体裁有记叙文、应用文、议论文和说明文等。题材有很多，有提纲类、图表类、图画类、开放类等。

　　英语的书面表达题既不同于命题作文，也不是简单的句子翻译，考生在做此题时要确保文章行文切题，意思连贯，语言得体。所写的短文首先要表达清楚，其次是语言运用得当，避免词不达意和语法错误。 近几年来，一些省市高考书面表达题由控制型向开放型过渡。开放型作文往往以图画或者文字的形式给出主题，然后让考生自己决定所写内容。除此之外，即使是控制型作文也给考生一定的发挥空间，谈一谈自己的看法和意见。这有利于考查考生的想象力、观察力以及遣词造句和成稿的能力。 二、书面表达题型分类 1．提纲类 根据提纲提示组句成文是高考书面表达常用的一种题型，它可以用于各种体裁的写作。考生要根据所提供的文字信息来确定表达形式和内容要点。这类题型不仅考查考生审题、扣题能力，还考查考生组词造句、灵活运用语言材料连句成篇的能力。做这种题时要求考生能根据题目要求，组织好所提供的材料，用明白、恰当、得体的英语表达出来，切忌只将题目指令直接译成汉语，使之成为几个支离破碎的句子，也不要文不对题地任意发挥。 例：(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)

　　假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter曾表示希望来中国教书。你校现需要招聘外教，请给他写封信，告知招聘信息。内容主要包括： 1．教授课程：英语口语、英语写作、今日美国、今日英国等 2．授课对象：高中生(至少三年英语基础) 3．工作量：每周12学时，任选三门课；担任学生英语俱乐部或英语校报顾问(advisor) 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语已为你写好。 Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China.... Best， Li Hua 范文： Dear Peter， I remember you told me you were interested in teaching in China. Our school now is looking for a native­speaker to teach some courses to senior high students. If you come, you can choose three of the following four courses: Speaking, Writing, Britain Today and America Today, and teach 12 hours a week. The students who are going to take these courses have at least three years of English learning experiences. Besides teaching, you will also work as an advisor to our students' English club or our school's English newspaper. Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other questions. I'd be more than happy to help. Best， Li Hua 2．开放性作文 开放作文的话题一般都是考生特别熟悉的话题，谈论社会热点，讨论发生在身边的事情，让每个考生都有话可写，这类作文只提供一些信息和背景，考查的是学生的想象力、理解力、分析判断力，要求考生根据所提供的信息和背景写出符合逻辑、结构完整并富有感染力的文章。 例：(2010·安徽)假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机(cell)和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up：TV, cell, or Web？”为题，写一篇英文短文。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 范文： Which would you give up：TV, cell or Web? We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them. However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and there're too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere. As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information call be gathered on the Internet. 3．图画作文 看图作文是按一定要求把图画内容加工成书面语言形式的写作。它考查考生的识图能力和将图画信息转化成文字信息的综合运用能力，同时也给考生留出了想象空间，使之发挥水平。看图作文要求考生首先仔细观察，读懂图意，抓住要点，依图编拟提纲，将要点用重点词和短语的形式写出来；然后扩展成句，成句时要注意图画所给的时间背景，正确使用人称、时态和语态；最后组句成文，要注意适当地使用一些关联词、过渡句来完善图中内容，使图与图之间过渡自然、层次清楚。 例：(2010·北京)假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，叙述你从准备到送行的全过程。 注意：1.周记的开头已为你写好。 2．词数不少于60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.________________ __ _________________________

　　范文： Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue.

　　After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, and umbrellas, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.

　　4．图表类 在图表类书面表达题中，命题人把全部提示内容列入图表中，要求考生根据表中内容加工成一篇语句通顺的完整短文。这种图表提示形式适用于不同体裁，如应用文、说明文、议论文等。 图表作文要求考生首先审清题意，看清要求，把握住文章的体裁，从而正确使用人称、时态、语态和句子结构；然后根据提示确定内容要点，并列出所用的相关词语和句型；最后再组织排列句子，使之成篇。注意行文逻辑，适当使用过渡词语，使文章自然连贯。 例：(2010·江苏)假设你应邀参加学校组织的“英语学习师生座谈会”，请你根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇发言稿，简单介绍自己英语学习的情况，并对学校今后的英语教学提出建议。 自己英语学习的情况 1.英语学习的目的； 2.英语学习的方法； 3.课外自学的途径； …… 对学校英语教学的建议 (请考生根据自己的经历与感想，提出两至三点建议。) 注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。 2．词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。 3．文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.__________________________________ _ Thank you for listening.

　　范文： Dear teachers and schoolmates, it's a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.I'm interested in English, and hope to be an interpreter in the future. Naturally it's very important for me to learn English well. As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building.

　　I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. After class, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio. Besides, I've learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.

　　Now, I'd like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what we've learned in order to have a better grasp of it. Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to read them. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, such as English contests and festivals.

　　Thank you for listening.