Unit 4 Global warming
导读：很多科学家认为全球变暖是由人类活动造成的，由于人们焚烧化石矿物或砍伐并焚烧森林，产生了二氧化碳等多种温室气体，导致全球气候变暖。因此，我们究竟应该为此做些什么呢？
Task：What can we do to protect the earth from being
bad to worse?
Global warming is a growing problem in the world. Melting ice－caps in the Arctic and Antarctica, rising temperatures across the continents, increasing number of typhoons and tropical storms are just some of the effects of global warming.
It must be realised that humans activities are the causes of global warming. It is therefore our duty to save the earth. We can begin by minimizing the amount of carbon dioxide by taking public transport instead of driving and using energy－efficient electrical appliances. Besides, the government can probably limit
the number of cars allowed on the roads by imposing fines on offenders and improving public transport systems. More trees can be planted too. Education to protect the environment should also be planned. Countries around the world can hold meetings and conferences and decide the steps to take to limit the CO2 levels. Economic sanctions can also be imposed on countries that have violated the rules. The Kyoto Protocol is one such example.
It is important to cure the world, for the sake of ourselves and our descendants. We have to take action now.
请根据语义及提示写出单词
1. C
her work with his, you'll find hers is much better.
2. Large q
of air－conditioners have been sold since the temperature is high.
3. She was trembling with excitement but her voice was s
.
4. The unemployment problem is one of social __________ (现象)．
5. New Zealand has a mild sea c
， while the north is subtropical.
6. He works more than 10 hours every day on a
.
7. Scientists think that the Arctic is endangered by __________ (污染)．
8. We ought to learn more about our body and the
f
(养分) it needs to keep fit.
9. A w
misunderstanding is that science is about “true” facts that never change.
10. There is an increasing t
for women to have children later in life.
11. I trust his ability a
(完全地)．
12. It is not a p
diamond necklace but a valueless one.
1. Comparing
2. quantities
3. steady
4. phenomena
5. climate
6. average
7. pollution
8. fuel
9. widespread
10. tendency
11. absolutely
12. precious
请根据语义写出短语
1. take it ____________
轻松，不紧张
2. run
out ____________ 用完
3. make ____________ of
构成
4. in ____________ 尤其；特别
5. make ____________ 有道理； 讲得通
6. ____________ feelings 传达情感
7. stay ____________ 熬夜
8.
let ____________ 泄露
1. easy
2. of
3. up
4.
particular
5. sense
6. convey
7. up
8. out
1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than
a random but natural phenomenon. (P26)
2. Without the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth would be about thirty－three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. (P26)
①consequence n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Not making a will can have serious consequences for the people you might wish to benefit.
(2) Scientists think it unlikely that any species will actually become extinct as a consequence of the oil spill.
(3) Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'll have to suffer / take the consequences!
根据语义找匹配
A. 由于
B. 严重的后果
C. 后果自负
(1) B (2) A (3) C
①consequence n.
短语
answer for the consequence 对后果负责
as a consequence / in consequence因而，结果
face / take / suffer the consequences of 自食其果，承担责任
as a consequence of / in consequence of / as a result of……的结果，因为……的缘故，由于
of little / no consequence 不重要的，无足轻重的
①consequence n.
用consequence短语的适当形式填空
(1) He broke the law, and now he must ______ ______ ______ ______ his action.
(2) She was over the age limit, ______ ______ ______， her application was rejected.
(3) Your opinion is ______ ______ ______(不重要) to me.
①consequence n.
①consequence n.
(1) face /
take / suffer the consequences of
(2) as a consequence
(3) of little consequence
(4) in consequence of; take the consequence
(4) Jack failed to pass the exam ______ ______ ______ being lazy in study. He could do nothing but ______ ______ ______.
②range n. & v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) You will find a whole range of children's books in the bookshop.
(2) If you are employed, your salary is in the range of 26,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars.
(3) It came within my range of vision.
(4) The gun has a range of more than 5 miles.
(5) Tibet is a place of high mountain ranges and deep valleys.
②range n. & v.
(6) The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to grandparents.
(7) Oprah Winfrey's talk show ranges over a variety of topics.
(8) Cattle ranged over the pastures in search of food.
(9) In the dining room, team photographs were ranged along the wall.
②range n. & v.
根据语义找匹配
A. 漫游，闲逛
B. 山脉
C. 射程
D. 距离
E. 排列
F. 涉及
G. 一系列的、成套的东西
H. 包括(不同种类的人和物)
I. (数量，年龄，温度等)范围，界限
(1) G
(2) I
(3) D
(4) C
(5) B
(6) H
(7) F
(8) A
(9) E
短语
a wide / whole / full range of 一系列，一整套，各种各样的
in / within a…range 在……的范围之内
range from…to… 包括(不同种类的人和物)
range from / between…to / and…(数量，年龄，温度等)范围，界限 (包括上限和下限)
range over / through 漫游，闲逛
range over 涉及
②range n. & v.
②range n. & v.
用range的适当形式填空
There are a wide (1) __________ of children's books in the bookshop, whose prices (2)__________ 1 dollar __________ 20 dollars. The content (3) __________ widely. You can choose books according to the writers' names (4) __________along the wall next to the door.
(1) range (2) range from / between; to / and (3) ranges (4)ranged
③result n. & v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) His limp is the result of an accident.
(2) All the people present couldn't wait to know the results of the game.
(3) The sports meeting was put off as a result of a heavy rain.
(4) Eating too much fat and sugar will result in not only overweight but also heart disease.
(5) His failure results from his carelessness.
③result n. & v.
根据语义找匹配
A. (比赛、考试等的)结果，比分，分数等
B. 由于
C. 结果
D. 导致
E. (因……而)发生，产生，出现
(1) C (2) A (3) B (4) D (5) E
③result n. & v.
短语
as a result 因此，结果
as a result of 作为……的结果，由于
in result 结果，因此
in the result后果，结果
meet with good results取得好成绩
with the result that 结果是，因此，从而
without result 无效地，毫无结果地
result from (因……而)发生，产生，出现
result in导致，产生某种作用或结果
③result n. & v.
用上述单词或短语填空
On my way to school, I witnessed a traffic accident, (1)__________ __________ 3 deaths, which (2)__________ __________ the serious injuries to the head. 5 minutes later, the policeman came and asked me a few questions (3) __________ __________ __________ that I was late for school.
(1) resulting in (2) resulted from
(3) with the result
④state n.
(1) The building is in a bad state.
(2) He is in a good state of mind.
(3) The railroads belong to the state in this county.
④state n.
根据语义找匹配
A. 政府，州
B. 状态
C. 心态
(1) B (2) C (3) A
④state n.
短语
in a terrible / bad state 状况糟糕
be in a state / get into a state 处于紧张(焦虑，兴奋)之中
辨析
state / condition / situation
state 常用词，指人或物存在或所处的状态，还表示人的精神、情绪和身体的状态。
She got herself into a state about the exams.
condition 意为“条件、情况、状况”，其单数形式指人和物所处的状况，这时与state 意义相近，常可互换，但condition 还常着重于一定原因、环境或条件造成的特定情况。
His condition doesn't permit him to travel.
situation 指某一时间由各种情况造成的“处境，形势，局面”。
He found himself in an embarrassing situation.
④state n.
单项填空
(1) The car was in a good working ______ when I bought it a few months ago.
A. form
B. situation
C. state
D. circumstance
(2) She was in ______ confused state of ______ mind when she heard the news.
A. a; the
B. a;
/
C.
/ ; the
D.
/ ; a
④state n.
(1) C (2) B
⑤quantity n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.
(2) A large quantity of air－conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.
(3) Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.
根据语义找匹配
A. 大量的
B. 数量
⑤quantity n.
(1) B (2) A (3) A
短语
a large / small / vast, etc. quantity of 大量的(后接谓语动词单数)
large / huge / vast, etc. quantities of 大量的(后接谓语动词复数)
in large / small / sufficient, etc. quantities 大量地 / 少量地 / 足量地
⑤quantity n.
完成句子
(1) It's cheaper to buy goods___________________.
大批量购货较便宜。
(2) __________________ poison were detected in the
dead man's stomach.
在死者胃中找到了少量的毒药。
⑤quantity n.
(1) in large quantities
(2) Small quantities of
⑥tend v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) People tend to need less sleep as they get older.
(2) Sophia was in the bedroom tending to her son.
(3) Charles tends towards obesity.
⑥tend v.
根据语义找匹配
A. 照料，照顾，护理
B. 趋向，趋于，走向
C. 往往会，常常就
(1) C (2) A (3) B
⑥tend v.
短语
tend to do sth. 往往会，常常就
tend (to) sb. 照料，照顾，护理
tend towards / to sth. 趋向，趋于，走向
链接
tendency n.
趋向，偏好，性情
完成句子
(1) Women __________ live longer than men.
女人往往比男人长寿。
(2) Prices __________ upwards over recent years.
近年来物价趋于上升。
(3) Doctors and nurses __________ the injured.
医生和护士护理受伤者。
⑥tend v.
(1) tend to (2) have tended
(3) tend (to)
⑦come about
根据语境猜词义
(1) I don't know how the accident had come about?
(2) How does it come about that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?
⑦come about
根据语义找匹配
A. 发生
B. 怎么会发生……这样的事呢？
(1) A (2) B
短语
come to do sth. 开始认为，开始觉得；偶然地做某事
come and go来去自由；断断续续
take sth. as it comes 原样接受，听天由命
come across sb. / sth.偶遇某人 / 某物；偶然发现某人 / 某物；被理解； 穿过
come around / round 探访、拜访；改变观点；苏醒，恢复知觉
come at扑向，向……逼近
come back回来；再度流行；恢复；反驳
⑦come about
come down to 归根到底；传到……手里，传下来给
come into force (法律，法规等)生效，实施
come to terms with 甘心忍受
句型
how come…？ 怎么会……？
How does it come about that…
怎么会发生……这样的事呢？
⑦come about
⑦come about
用come的相关短语填空
One day I (1) __________ __________an old friend in the street, he said his new book would (2) __________ __________ and that some of my ideas (3)__________ __________ in it and that I would be interviewed by reporters. I never imagined that such a thing would (4)__________ __________ in my life.
(1) came across (2) come out
(3) came up
(4) come about
⑧build up
根据语境猜词义
(1) All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.
(2) Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam.
(3) The play was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it disappointing.
(4) You need more protein to build you up.
(5) The finds help us build up a picture of life in the Middle Ages.
⑧build up
⑧build up
根据语义找匹配
A. 吹捧，鼓吹
B. 加大，加强，增多
C. 创建，开办
D. 增强……体质
(1) B (2) D (3) A (4) D (5) C
⑧build up
链接
put up 张贴；住宿
set up 建立， 树立， 创立
stay up熬夜
go up 上升，上涨
turn up朝上翻， 来到， 卷起，出现，调大
hold up 举起， 阻挡， 耽搁， 支撑
单项填空
()They gave him soup to ______ his strength.
A. set up
B. build up
C. hold up
D. turn up
⑧build up
B
⑨ …it_is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(P26)
……全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
⑨
(1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.
(2) Was it you that I saw last night at the concert?
(3) When was it that the fire broke out on a No. 9 bus?
(4) It was not until 30 years later that he came back to his hometown.
(1) 强调句，可以用来强调句子的主语，宾语，状语等。强调句的结构通常是：
It ＋ is / was ＋ 强调部分 ＋ that
/ who / who＋句子的剩余部分。
It is tomorrow that the sports meeting will be held.
(2) 强调句的一般疑问句结构： Is / Was ＋it＋ 强调部分 ＋ that
/ who ＋句子的剩余部分。
Is it because Tom is often careless that you don't want him to do the job?
⑨
⑨
(3) 特殊疑问句的强调：疑问词 ＋ is / was ＋ it ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。
Where was it that the fire broke out on a NO. 9 bus?
(4) 含有not until 的强调句： It ＋ is / was ＋ not until… ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.
单项填空
() (1) It is they ______ wrong.
A. who are
B. that is
C. that was
D. whom are
() (2) ______ you want to say?
A. What is it that
B. What it is that
C. How is it that
D. How it is that
() (3) It was ______ they were having dinner ______ the phone rang.
⑨
A. that; that
B. when; that
C. that; when
D. when; when
() (4) It was the girl ______ I met in park ______ told me the news.
A. who; that
B. which; that
C. that; which
D. whom; which
⑨
(1) A (2) A (3) B (4) A
⑩ Without the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth would be about thirty－three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.(P26)
如果没有这种 “温室效应”，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。
⑩
(1) Without air, water, and sunlight there would be no living things.
(2) What would I have done without you?
⑩
此句子使用了虚拟语气，假设与现在事实相反的事情，介词without 常可表示一个条件，相当于一个if从句，如without the ‘greenhouse effect’，相当于 if there was no ‘greenhouse effect’， 此时，句子的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
⑩
单项填空
() (1) Without electricity, human life ______ quite different.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
() (2) We ______ the work ahead of time without your help.
A. can't finish
B. don't finish
C. couldn't have finished
D. will finish
(1) D (2) C
() 1. (2009·浙江)Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only ______ one's strength, but also develop one's character.
A. bring up
B. take up
C. build up
D. pull up
C 本题考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养，培养； take up占据； build up 增进，加强；pull up 向上拉，拔，停车。句意：练习中国武术不仅可以增强力量，还可以完善个人品格。
【教材原文对照】Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.(P27)
()2. (2010·课程标准卷)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and ______ half learning drawing.
A. another
B. the other
C. other's
D. others
B 考查another，the other, others 三个词作形容词时的用法区别。句意是：我要用一半假期的时间练英语，另一半时间学画画。两者中的另一个用the other。
【教材原文对照】Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level…(P27)
()3. (2010·江西)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
A. average
B. number
C. amount
D. quantity
A 本题考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意：去年通过驾照考试的人达到了200,000，平均每年有40,000人拿到驾照。
【教材原文对照】The greenhouse effect gives the earth's surface the average temperature of 15℃.(P29)