必修5 Unit 4（1）
Unit 4 Making the news Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galapagos are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoise, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between
fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galapagos National Park—which controls 97 percent of Galapagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador’s national assembly.
“It’s a very tense situation,” said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galapagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. “We are watching it with concern.”
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands’ population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 50s. Today there are more than 10,000, while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life “in paradise (天堂)”. On top ofthis, more than 100,000 tourists visit the islands every year. Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government, have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands* iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit (开发利用) the islands’ waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and South Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galapagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions (让步) by increasing fishing quotas (配额), which angered conservationists. “It is tragic, the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galapagos,” said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. “They are killing the golden goose.” Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers (管理员),who run the national park and reserve, rebelled. More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park’s headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen’s help- entered the park. “I am in office, i am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension,” he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post. However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
“We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm (缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off,” said Stjepic. 66、What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The island’s swelling population.
B．The law to limit waves of immigrants.
C．A life in paradise.
D．The tourists’ visiting the islands every year.
How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin?
A．He based his theory on his studies there.
B．He built the Charles Darwin research center there.
C．He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.
D．He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.
68、What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen?
A．The dismissal of the previous director of the Galapagos National Park.
B．The exploitation of the islands.
C．The government's support of Galapagos Conservation Trust.
D．Cepeda’s close tie with the fishing industry.
We can learn from the passage that _______.
A．the projects of Galapagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable
B．conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose
C．politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands
D．the government is trying to ease the tension
In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by “The Ecuador government took no chances”?
A．The government did not seize opportunities.
B．The government made no compromises.
C．The government did not run risks.
D．The government shrank from responsibilities.
【参考答案】66—70、AABDC
1．delighted(adj.)快乐的；欣喜的
2．eager(adj.)渴望的；热切的
3．inform(vt.)告知；通知
4．meanwhile(adv.)其间；同时
5．accuse(vt.)指责；谴责；控告
6．demand(n.)需求；要求
(vt.)强烈要求
7．gifted(adj.)有天赋的
8．accurate(adj.)精确的；正确的
9．process(vt.)加工；处理
(n.)过程；程序；步骤
10．assist(vt.)帮助；协助；援助→assistant(n.)助手；助理；售货员
11．concentrate(vi.& vt.)集中；聚集→concentration(n.)集中；专心
12．acquire(vt.)获得；取得；学到→acquisition(n.)获得；得到
13．assess(vt.)评估；评定→assessment(n.)评估；评定
14．approve(vt.)赞成；认可；批准→approval(n.)赞成；认可；批准
15．appointment(n.)约会；任命→appoint(v.)约定；任命
1．concentrate_on集中；全神贯注于
2．accuse...of因……指责或控告……
3．ahead_of在……前面
4．depend_on依靠；依赖
5．so_as_to_(do_sth.)为了 (做)……
6．be/get_absorbed_in注意，全神贯注于
7．make_an_appointment约会，预约
8．have_a_good_nose_for对……有敏感的嗅觉
9．keep_sth.in_mind记住
10．be_supposed_to应当，理应……
11．inform_sb.of_sth.通知某人某事
12．get_the_wrong_end_of_the_stick完全误解，弄错
1．Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的第一项工作任务。
名师指津：never置于句首，句子用部分倒装。
例句仿写：我接到了一个我最喜爱的足球明星的电话，在我生命中我从来没有这么高兴过。
I got a phone of my favourite football star.Never in all my life had_I_felt_so_happy.
2．His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin (HX)，was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重要影响。
名师指津：be to do在句中表示后来发生的事，常译为“注定会……；一定……”。
例句仿写：因为你既聪明又勤奋，你一定会成功的。
You_are_to_succeed because you are wise and hardworking.
3．Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实呢？
名师指津：a case/point/situation/stage where引导定语从句
例句仿写：我能想出许多情况，学生知道许多英语词汇却写不出好文章。
I_can_think_of_many_cases__where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
4．So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.
因此我们安排这名球员和被认为行贿的人一起接受采访。
名师指津：be supposed to应该……
例句仿写：我到了人生中该自己拿主意的时候。
I have reached a point in my life where I am_supposed_to make decisions of my own.
acquire vt.获得；取得；学会
教材原句P26：Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有当你问了许多问题的情况下，你才能够得到你需要的所有信息。
(1)acquire a knowledge of...获得……的知识
acquire a habit
of...养成……的习惯
acquire a taste for...开始喜欢上……
(2)acquisition n．获得；得到
acquired adj.已取得的；后天获得的
As far as I know，she has acquired_a_good_knowledge_of English.据我所知，她英语已经学得很好。
Although having acquired some general achievement，the professor was still dissatisfied in his research.虽然已经取得了一些阶段性成果，教授仍旧对自己的研究不很满意。
Having read the book，she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to her students.
读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给她的学生。inform vt.通知；告诉
(牛津P1046)Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更请尽快通知我们。
(1) (2)information n．[U] 通知，消息，情报，信息
We regret_to_inform you that your application has been rejected.
我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。
Had I informed/If had informed him of the exact time for the meeting earlier，he wouldn’t have been late yesterday.要是我早一点通知他开会的准确时间，昨天他就不会迟到了。
It keeps_us_informed of what have happened during the week.
它使我们及时了解一周来国内外所发生的事情。case n．情况；病例；案例
(2017·北京卷)I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car.
我度假时随身带着驾照，以备我租车之需。
in any case无论如何，总之
in case以防(万一)
in case of万一……，如果发生……
in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装)
in that case如果那样的话；在那种情况下
as is often the case这是常有的事
①(牛津P296)There is no point complaining now—we’re leaving tomorrow in any case.
现在抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开。
Enough space should be given to the kids，in_that_case，they will get more life experience.应该给予孩子足够的自由空间，那样的话孩子会得到更多的生活经历。
As_is_often_the_case with him，he was late for class.
上课迟到对他来说是常有的事。accuse vt.指控，指责，把……归咎(于)
教材原句P26：A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.一位足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，为了让别的队赢球。
accuse sb.of sth.控告/指责某人做某事
charge sb.with sth.指控/控告某人某事
A piece of bad news has been spread that the rich man has been accused of doing good things only to achieve a good reputation.
一条不好的消息已经传播开来：那位富人被指责做好事的目的只是为了沽名钓誉。
The fifteen accused young men from different parts of England，denied the charges.被告是15名来自英格兰各地的年轻男子，他们对指控矢口否认。
He was charged with cheating in the examination.
＝He was_accused_of cheating in the examination.
他被指控考试作弊。
demand n．要求，需要；vt.强烈要求
(2017·山东卷阅读表达)In 1973，kidnappers took his 16yearold grandson，and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return.1973年绑架者绑架了他16岁的孙子，并索要一笔钱才让他安全回来。
(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth.要求做某事
demand that...should do...要求……
(从句用虚拟语气，should可省略)
(2017·安徽书面表达)First，science graduates are in_greater_demand than art ones in China.
首先，在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ demands.经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。
The manager demanded that the workers (should)_work_extra_hours_to_complete the task ahead of time.
经理要求工人加班，以提前完成任务。
My car demands/needs/requires repairing/to be repaired，so I have to go to work by bus.
我的小汽车需要修理了，因此我必须乘公共汽车上班。
approve v．赞成；认可；批准
(2017·安徽卷阅读理解)Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
虽然不是每个人都同意新的舞蹈，说它有点太令人震惊，但是该舞蹈的确找到了足以使它受欢迎的支持者。
(1)
(2)
①I approve_of_your_trying to earn some money，but please don’t neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，可是不要误了功课。
②Nobody would approve your ideal plans for reforming the system of government.
没有人会赞成你的关于改革政体的不切实际的计划。
③I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.
希望我的建议能得到您的认可。
Ⅰ.完成句子1．His purpose of going to Canada is____________________(为了学好英语)．
答案： to acquire a good knowledge of English
2．The minister of the Health Department demanded the problems referred to____________________(特别注意)．
答案： (should) be paid special attention to
3．He looks younger than his friend；in fact，he is____________________(比……大三岁) his friend.
答案： three years senior to
4．She____________________(身陷窘境) whether to stay at school or get a job.
was in a dilemma
5．________________________(被指控偷钱) from the bank，he was questioned by the police.(accuse)
答案： Accused of stealing money
6．She felt quite excited with so many people________________________(赞同她的决定)．
答案： approving of her decision
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·四川省绵阳市第二次诊断)Take the note as a reminder________you forget to buy some sweets for the kids while shopping there.
A．in case B．so that
C．even if D．as if
解析： 考查连词。句意为：带着这张便条作为提醒，以防你在那儿购物时忘了给孩子们买糖果。in case以防万一；so that以便；为了；even if纵然，即使；as if好像。根据句意可知A项正确。答案： A2．(2017·山东省蒙沂六校联考)________is often the case with old people，my grandfather is fond of doing morning exercise.
A．As
B．Which
C．What
D．It
解析： 考查定语从句。此句考查as引导的非限制性定语从句，as在此指代后面句子的内容，既可位于句首，也可位于句中。句意为：就像其他老人一样，我祖父也喜欢晨练。
答案： A
3．(2017·大纲全国卷Ⅱ)The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are in great________in this city.
A．quantity B．progress
C．production D．demand
解析： 句意为：《哈利波特》很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的需求量。quantity数量；progress进步；production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。
答案： D
4．(2017·杭州一检)The knowledge________in one’s childhood will make a stronger impression on him than what he learns at any other life stage.
A．acquired B．acquiring
C．being acquired D．having acquired
解析： 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作knowledge的后置定语，因acquire与其逻辑主语knowledge构成动宾关系，排除B和D；因此处并不表示正在被获得，所以可排除C。
答案： A
5．(2017·皖南八校三次联考)It is necessary that we keep the young generation________of the
current affairs.
A．informed
B．being informed
C．informing
D．to inform
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：让年轻一代时刻了解时事是很有必要的。the young generation和inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用informed。
答案： A
6．(2017·河北五校联盟高三调研)A survey done recently shows that not all parents________their children taking part in the weekend classes.
A．escape B．lead to
C．imagine D．approve of
解析： approve of意为“支持；赞同”。句意为：最近的一项调查表明并非所有的父母都赞成孩子参加周末补习班。而escape意为“逃脱；避开”；lead to意为“导致；通向”；imagine意为“想像”。
答案： D
concentrate on集中在；专心于
(2017·重庆卷完形填空)Hard though she tried to make the kids concentrate，the thunder won the battle for their attention.
尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力，但是雷声吸引了学生们的注意力。
(1)
(2) 集中……于……
(3)concentration n．集中；专心
Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school，but as students we must concentrate_on_our_studies.
放学后玩电脑能给我们带来快乐和放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。
The firm is reported to be concentrating on increasing their markets overseas.
据报道，这家公司正在集中精力开拓它们的海外市场。
Speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a driver’s attention from the road.
打电话需要集中注意力，从而分散了司机观察路面的注意力。depend on依靠；依赖
教材原句P26：Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.
同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。
(1)
(2)That depends./It all depends.视情况而定。
①(2017·浙江卷阅读理解)This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.
这表明我们需要依靠多少水来生活，但这儿我们还可以做很多事情降低这个量。
②You may depend on it that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time.你可以相信所有的货物都会及时用船运到国外去。
③Nowadays young people just can’t live without the Internet，on_which they depend for whatever information they need.
如今的年轻人离开因特网就无法生活，他们依靠它获取自己所需的信息。
④—Can you finish the work before Sunday?
——你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？
—That_depends./It_all_depends.
——这要看情况而定。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．It is difficult for me to__________________________(集中精力于工作) with so much noise around me.
答案： concentrate on my work
2．You______________________(可以指望) that he will turn up and offer help in time.
答案： may depend on it
3．I spend more than two hours every day surfing the Internet____________________(为了了解) more about what is happening all over the world.
答案： so as to know
4．They are working extra hours，hoping the task will be finished________________(提前一周)．
答案： one week ahead of time
5．She was so______________________(埋头读她的书) that she didn’t hear anyone calling her name.
答案： absorbed in her book
6．Generally speaking，a political leader should__________________(对……有敏感的嗅觉) current affairs.
答案： have a good nose for
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·南通第二次学情调研)It takes about 30 minutes to go there by car，________on the traffic.
A．depending B．depended
C．to depend D．to be depended
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：开车到那里要大约30分钟，要视交通状况而定。depend on为固定短语，意为“取决于，依靠”，与形式主语It之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
答案： A
2．(2017·实验中学一模)Don’t depend on________that the guy will lend you a hand when you’re in trouble.
A．this B．it
C．that D．one
解析： 考查代词用法。句意为：当你有困难时，别指望那个家伙会帮助你。it在此处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
答案： B
3．—How much money should I pay for the trip?
—The expenses vary greatly，________travel distances involved.
A．depend on B．depending on
C．to depend on D．having depended on
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：——这次旅游要花多少钱？——费用是不一样的，取决于有关的旅游距离。此处是动词ing形式作状语起补充说明的作用。
答案： B
4．After the great earthquake happened 2017，the whole society in Turkey________on rescuing the people in ruins.
A．concentrated B．insisted
C．depended D．based
解析： 考查动词辨析。concentrate on doing sth.集中精力做……。insist on坚持；depend on依靠；base on以……为根据。
答案： A