2015高考英语一轮精讲教案：必修5 （5）

　　必修5 Unit 3（1）

　　Unit 3　Life in the futureFirst lady Michelle Obama turns 50 on Friday, Jan. 17, 2017. Michelle Obama has spent the first half-century of her life breaking barriers and checking off a series of firsts. Now, as she reaches her milestone birthday Friday, the nation will be watching to see in what other areas she will leave her mark.

　　Five years after moving into the White House, and without a re-election campaign to worry about, she has more room to relax in her role and, political watchers say, possibly become more vocal (声音的) on political issues in the three years left in office.

　　So far, critics have complained about Michelle’s silence on issues where they expected to hear her voice: Last year, at the start of her husband's second term, she disappointed advocates for tighter gun-control measures after she failed to push harder on the issue in response to the massacre (残杀) at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn. She also disappointed some feminists (女权主义者) who wanted her to defend their causes instead of falling back on her self-described role as the nation’s “mom-in-chief.” Nor did she handle racial issues during her second term, as some had expected. “The most important thing to remember is, whether you are black, white or Hispanic, you’re the first lady and the president of all the people in the United States. That’s a huge melting pot, so to reinforce (强化)that she's African American over anything else would not be wise,” said Anita McBride, who directs programming and national conferences on the legacies (遗产) of America’s first ladies and their historical influence at American University.

　　Valerie Jarrett, a top White House adviser and a close friend of the Obamas, said the first lady doesn't want to “spread herself too thin.”

　　“She really wants to have a maximum impact and to do that in fewer areas,” Jarrett told the Associated Press. “That, she said, “is better than trying to take on every single possible cause.” But Robert Watson, a Lynn University professor, said he expects Obama to “go a little harder at issues” over the next several years. “Second-term first ladies usually feel more at ease to speak more forcefully about issues close to their heart,” he said.

　　Myra Gutin, a Ryder University communications professor and frequent lecturer on first ladies, said she expects Obama to continue making both of them a priority in her remaining years in the White House, given their success. Michelle launched the “Let’s Move” campaign in 2010. It in particular has gained widespread support, ranging from the National Football League to the Sesame Street franchise (特许), which even gave permission to the produce industry to use its licensed characters for free on fruits and vegetables.

　　“There’s no such thing as a traditional first lady, not anymore in this technology-filled world. Is Mrs. Obama cutting edge? Is she an activist? No. As first ladies go, I think she’s been politically careful because she does not want there to be a major flare-up that would require her husband to use his political capital to clean up,” she said. “But she’s not exactly just sitting in the White House pouring tea and having receptions, either.” 62、Critics were disappointed with Michelle because _______.

　　A．she didn’t put gun-control measures into effect

　　B．she failed some feminists to stand out to be a career woman

　　C．she didn’t solve some racial problems

　　D．she failed to voice her opinion on some issues

　　63、According to the professors or advisers, which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．It’s not wise to reinforce Michelle is African American over anything else.

　　B．It’s better for Michelle to have a maximum impact than to take on every possible cause.

　　C．It's expected for Michelle to go a little harder at issues.

　　D．It’s a tradition for first ladies to stay out of political issues.

　　What does the underlined phrase “spread herself too thin” in Paragraph 6 mean?

　　A．Try to do a lot of work at the same time.

　　B．Get very tired.

　　C．Try to improve physical fitness.

　　D．Move herself away from others.

　　In Paragraph 9, the campaign “Let’s Move” might be aiming to help people _______.. a. gain widespread support b. become more physically active c. have access to healthier foods d. raise awareness about gun control

　　A．a, c B．a, b C．b, c D．c, d

　　—65、DDAC

　　1．previous(adj.)先前的；早先的

　　2．guide(n.)指导；向导；导游

　　(vt.)指引；指导

　　3．tolerate(vt.)容忍；忍受

　　4．lack(vi.& vt.)缺乏；没有

　　(n.)缺乏；短缺的东西

　　5．switch(n.)开关；转换

　　(vt.)转换

　　6．greedy(adj.)贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的

　　7．impression(n.)印象；感想；印记→impress (v.)使留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.)给人深刻印象的

　　8．constant(adj.)时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly (adv.)不断地

　　9．surroundings(n.)周围的事物；环境→surrounding (adj.)周围的

　　10．adjustment(n.)调整；调节→adjust (vt.)

　　11．press(vi.& vt.)按；压；逼迫；(n.)按；压；印刷；资讯→pressure (n.)压力

　　12．optimistic(adj.)乐观(主义)的→optimism (n.)乐观主义

　　13．instant(n.)瞬间；片刻；(adj.)立即的；立刻的→instantly (adv.)立即，立刻

　　14．settlement(n.)安居；解决→settle(v.)安居；解决→settler (n.)定居者

　　1．take_up拿起；接受；开始；继续

　　2．lose_sight_of...看不见……

　　3．speed_up加速

　　4．show_sb.around领某人参观

　　5．in_no_time立刻

　　6．be_back_on_one’s_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原

　　7．sweep_up打扫；横扫

　　8．under_repair在修建中

　　9．blame_sb.for因……而责怪某人

　　10．be_similar_to与……相似

　　1．Well，now there’s a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.

　　现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。

　　名师指津：where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a system。

　　例句仿写：许多人想得到那个位置，在那儿他会发展得更好。

　　Many people want to get the position，where_they_will_develop_better.

　　2．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我头痛。

　　名师指津：hit by a lack of fresh air为过去分词短语作原因状语。

　　例句仿写：假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。

　　Given_more_attention and caring，the child wouldn’t have become so selfish and naughty.

　　3．However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.

　　但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。

　　名师指津：what引导宾语从句。

　　例句仿写：前几天，我父亲开车以我认为危险的速度行驶。

　　The other day，my father drove his car at_what I thought was_a_dangerous_speed.

　　4．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.

　　我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。

　　名师指津：exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语。

　　例句仿写：长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。

　　After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry_and_tired.

　　lack v．& n．缺乏；缺少的东西

　　(2017·浙江卷阅读理解)It’s not that exercise makes you healthy，it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.

　　与其说运动使你健康，倒不如说缺乏运动使你的身体虚弱，容易受到疾病的影响。

　　(1)v.

　　(2)n.

　　(3)

　　Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don’t

　　know?

　　你是否想交更多的朋友，但缺乏信心和陌生人交谈？

　　Though lacking_money，his parents managed to send him to a university.尽管缺钱，他的父母设法送他上大学。

　　The lack of eco­friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major cause of global climate change.公众缺乏环境保护的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。tolerate vt.容忍；忍受

　　教材原句P18：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一开始，新的环境很难忍受。

　　容忍，忍受

　　Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。

　　The sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of cheating.

　　运动世界不能容忍使用麻醉，因为这是作弊的基本形式。

　　Earth is letting Mankind know that our waste and destruction will not be_tolerated_any_more.

　　地球正在让人类知道我们的浪费和破坏不会再被忍受了。instant adj.立即的，立刻的；n.瞬间，刹那

　　(牛津P1058)I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.

　　我一眼就认出她了。

　　(1)

　　(2)in instant need of help急需援助

　　(3) 一……就……

　　In_an_instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.

　　他马上脱掉衣服跳进了水里。

　　We can’t promise instant solutions，but we can promise to listen.我们不能保证立刻给予解决，但保证能认真听取意见。

　　They carried out the volunteer activity the_instant/instantly they arrived there.他们一到达那里就从事志愿活动。

　　.完成句子

　　1．According to the airline rules，we suggest you___________________ _________________(关掉手机) before boarding.

　　答案：　(should) switch off your mobile phone

　　2．As far as I know，our English teacher as well as other teachers never____________________________________(容忍考试作弊)．答案：　tolerates cheating in the exams

　　3．Since everything develops，we have to____________________________________(调整) to the changing situation.

　　答案：　make an adjustment

　　4．To our pity，the project had to be abandoned__________________________________(缺乏资金)．

　　答案：　for lack of funds

　　5．Training is provided，so____________________(不需要先前的经验) for the job.

　　答案：　no previous experience is required

　　.单项填空

　　1．(2017·浙大附中高三质检)—Many species are in danger of dying out because of a________of habitat.

　　—I couldn’t agree more.We must take action for them as well as for ourselves.

　　A．waste B．possession

　　C．pollution D．lack

　　解析：　考查名词词义。句意为：——许多物种由于缺乏栖息地而处于濒临灭绝的危险境地。——我非常赞成。我们必须行动起来，为他们，也为我们自己。a lack of缺乏……，符合句意。a waste of浪费……；a possession of拥有……，占有……。

　　答案：　D

　　2．More and more high­rise building have been built in big cities________space.

　　A．in search ofB．in place of

　　C．for lack of D．for fear of

　　解析：　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：因缺少空间，在大城市里，越来越多的高楼拔地而起。本题考查介词短语辨析。A项意为“搜寻”；B项意为“代替”；C项意为“因缺乏”；D项意为“以防”。

　　答案：　C3．—Did you recognize your former classmate whom you hadn’t seen for many years at the party yesterday?

　　—Yes，I recognized him________I saw him.

　　A．frequently B．constantly

　　C．quickly D．instantly

　　解析：　frequently频繁地，constantly不断地，quickly很快地，instantly立即，马上。A、B、C选项均为副词。而D选项除了有副词词性外，还有连词词性，可引导句子，意为“一……就……”，根据句意可知应选D。

　　答案：　D

　　4．Some old people don’t like pop music because they can’t________so much noise.

　　A．concern B．tolerate

　　C．undertake D．ignore

　　解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：有些老人不喜欢流行音乐，因为他们难以忍受流行音乐的噪音。用tolerate表示“忍受”。

　　答案：　B

　　lose sight of看不见

　　教材原句P18：However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.

　　但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，王平不见了，因为很多汽垫车都四面八方地从身边飞奔。

　　(1)catch sight of...望见，看到……

　　come into sight出现在眼前，进入视野

　　(2)at the sight of...在看到……时

　　in/within sight在视线内，可以被看见

　　out of sight看不见了，不被人看见

　　①Only a short­sighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。

　　②I looked out of the window and caught sight of train passing by very quickly.

　　我从窗户向外看去，看见了一列急驰而过的火车。

　　③The mountain town came_into_sight as we turned the last corner.

　　我们拐过最后一个弯，山城就映入了我们的眼帘。take up占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起

　　教材原句P17：I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.

　　我仍然不能相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。

　　take over接管，控制，占据

　　take back取回；把(某人)带回；把……退货；取消

　　take in收留，收容(某人)；包括；包含

　　take off脱掉；模仿；起飞；成名

　　take on雇用；聘用；开始呈现

　　①(山东高考)After he retired from office，Rogers took_up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.

　　退休后，罗杰斯学了一段时间画画，但很快便失去了兴趣。

　　②We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.

　　我们想要找到一个七人餐桌，但它们都被占用了。

　　③We encourage each student to take_up a new sport or to try a new form of exercise.我们鼓励每一位学生参加一项新的体育运动或者尝试一种新形式的锻炼。

　　Ⅰ.选词填空

　　speed up；take up；slide into；sweep up；be back on one’s feet；lose sight of

　　1．Don’t leave her alone to____________________the house after the party.

　　答案：　sweep up

　　2．Donny has completely________________after being treated carefully in hospital for a week.

　　答案：　been back on his feet

　　3．Many countries are faced with the problem about how to____________________economic development.

　　答案：　speed up

　　4．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I ____________________it.

　　答案：　lost sight of

　　5．He____________________the room when no one was looking.

　　答案：　slid into

　　6．Nowadays more and more people have started______________________boxing as a regular hobby and sport.

　　答案：　to take up

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·福建十所名校第二次联考)According to the research，women tend to________jobs requiring speech skills.

　　A．take up B．pick up

　　C．look up

　　D．set up

　　解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：根据研究，女士倾向于从事要求语言技能的工作。take up开始从事，占据，符合句意。pick up拿起，学会；look up(在词典或参考书中)查阅；set up创建，建立。

　　答案：　A

　　2．(2017·潍坊市抽样监测)To be mentally healthy，you need to________good relationships with each other.

　　A．build up B．put up

　　C．take up D．hold up

　　解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：为了精神健康，你需要和他人相互建立良好的关系。build up建立；put up张贴，搭起；take up占用；hold up阻挡。

　　答案：　A

　　3．(2017·河北衡水二次调研)He didn’t________ what he read because his mind was on something else.

　　A．take on B．take in

　　C．take over D．take for

　　解析：　句意为：他没明白他所读的东西，因为他的心思在别的事情上。take in吸收，理解；take on雇用，呈现，承担；take over接管；take A for B把A误认为B。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2017·安徽皖西四校第二次联考)Many households in the neighborhood of the university________students to add to their income.

　　A．take off

　　B．take out

　　C．take in

　　D．take up

　　解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这个大学附近的很多住户通过让学生留宿来增加收入。take off模仿；take out带某人出去(到餐馆、剧院、俱乐部等)；take in留宿，收留；take up开始从事。根据“增加收入”可知，此处应为“留宿”，故选C项。

　　答案：　C

　　5．The couple watched the Kongming light go higher and higher until they lost________of it.

　　A．view B．scene

　　C．vision D．sight

　　解析：　句意为：那对情侣看着孔明灯越飞越高，直到看不见了。lose sight of意思是“看不见”。答案：　D

　　6．At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was________.

　　A．out of sight B．out of reach

　　C．out of order D．out of place

　　解析：　句意为：在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。out of sight看不见，在视野之外；out of reach够不到，力所不能及的；out of order混乱的；out of place不适合的，不恰当的。

　　答案：　A