必修4 Unit 4（2）
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
(1)to arrive是不定式做后置定语。当中心词是序数词或被序数词限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize，and the first person to win it twice.
许多人都知道居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士，同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。
He is always the_first_to_bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.他是一个总是吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。
(2)closely adv.接近地；密切地；严密地；仔细地
be closely connected with与……有密切联系
get close to接近
stand close to站得离……近
keep a close eye/watch on严密监视
As far as I know，the two events are_closely_connected.
据我所知，这两件事联系密切。
The successful launch of Chang’e Ⅲ made the China’s space dream closer to reality.
成功发射嫦娥三号使中国人的太空梦想进一步接近现实。However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.
但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能 (用身体)接触对方。
be likely to do sth.可能发生某种情况
It’s likely that...＝Sb.be likely to do...做某事是可能的
not likely (表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会
①It_is_likely_that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.如果继续吸烟，你很有可能会健康状况不佳。
②Students should listen more to their classmates，thus they will help and learn from each other，and a friendship is likely to formed.学生应该多听同学的，这样他们有可能相互学习，相互帮助，友谊有可能形成。
Ⅰ.句型转换
You are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
________ ________ ________ ________you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
答案： It is likely that
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·太原高三一模)If I have any further news，you will be the first person________.
A．to know B．known
C．knowing D．knew
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果我有任何新的消息，你都将是第一个知道的人。在the first/second...后接动词时，常用不定式，表示“第一个/第二个做……”。
答案： A
2．(2017·北京卷)Volunteering gives you a chance________lives，including your own.
A．change
B．changing
C．changed
D．to change
解析： 句意为：当志愿者给了你一个改变别人和你自己的生活的机会。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。根据题干，被修饰词chance为抽象名词，通常情况下由不定式作后置定语，故此题选择D项。
答案： D
3．(2017·合肥高三质检)—Tom’s still angry with me.
—You are________.How dare you call him a liar！He’s the last person________.
A．blamed；to be lying B．to be blamed；lying
C．to blame；to lie D． to blame；lies
解析： sb.be to blame某人应对(过错、罪行)负责；名词前有序数词，the last等词修饰时，该名词后接不定式。
答案： C
4．Come________.I want to tell you that she is________related to him and that you must study it________.
A．close；close；close B．closely；close；close
C．close；closely；closely D．closely；closely；close
解析： close和closely都可以作为副词，二者的区别是：close意为“接近地；紧紧地”，强调空间距离近，相当于near；closely常用来说明动作以怎样的方式进行，有抽象意义，意为“(关系上)亲密地；仔细地；紧紧地”等。句意为：走近一点，我想告诉你她与他关系非常密切，你得仔细研究一下这件事。
答案： C5．It is very________that in many schools，students are going to spend less time in the classroom than they used to.
A．possibly B．probably
C．lovely D．likely
解析： 句意为：很可能在许多学校学生们在教室花费的时间将少于他们过去所花费的时间。此题考查It’s likely that从句。A和B都是副词，不能用于此句型。lovely优美的，迷人的，令人愉快的，可爱的；likely可能的，有希望的。根据句意选择D。
答案： D
association n．社团；联系；联想
in association with与……有关
The exhibition was organized by the school in association with local artists.展览是在当地艺术家的帮助下由学校主办的。greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候
greet sb.with...用……迎接……；用……向某人打招呼
She greeted him with a loving kiss.
她以亲切的一吻来迎接他。lose face丢脸
Losing face in the public made him sad.
在公共场合丢脸让他感到十分难过。
【写作素材】
1．肢体语言是与人交流的一种方法。
2．并非所有的人都可以用同一种肢体语言进行交流。
3．有着不同文化背景的人们对彼此的手势很有可能产生误会。
4．即使在同一个国家的不同地区也会有不同的肢体语言。
5．如果你身在国外，了解当地的肢体语言是非常重要的。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
【连句成篇】
Body
language
is
a means of
communication.However，not everybody
can
use
the
same
body
language
to communicate with
others.People
from
different cultures may misunderstand the
gestures they use.People may have different body languages even if they live in the same country.Therefore it is very important for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.
v．ing形式作状语
1．(2017·江西临川一中等九校二次联考)________several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason，he felt bitterly regretted.
A．Making B．Having made
C．Made D．To make
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：出于情感而不是理智作了好几个重大决定，他感觉极其后悔。分析句意可知，he与make之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且动词make发生在felt之前，故应用动词ing形式的现在完成式作原因状语。
答案： B
2．(2017·长沙市一中、湖南师大附中等六校联考)________the blind wandering through the traffic，motorists would have to step on their brakes at once.
A．Seeing B．Having seen
C．Seen D．To have seen
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：看到盲人过马路时，汽车驾驶员不得不马上踩刹车。motorists与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且see与step的动作几乎同时发生，故用Seeing。
答案： A
3．(2017·安徽江南十校摸底)Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world，________some living patterns，scientists say.
A．changes B．changed
C．changing D．change
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：科学家们说，全球变暖正在影响着数百种的动植物并且改变了它们的一些生活方式。此处changing some living patterns作伴随状语。答案： C
4．(2017·九江模考)Pressed by his parents，and________that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing computer games.
A．realizing B．realized
C．to realize D．being realized
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：由于父母的极力劝说，同时这个男孩也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，他决定不再玩电脑游戏了。根据句子结构可知，本题考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知，主语the boy与realize之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用realize的现在分词形式，选A项。
答案： A5．(2017·宝鸡三检)________around the classroom buildings，the guests were then taken to visit the library.
A．Having shown B．To be shown
C．Having been shown D．To show
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：客人们被带着参观完教学楼后，又被带着去参观图书馆了。分析句子成分可知，show和the guests之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，排除A、D两项，又因show这一动作发生在were taken之前，故C项正确。
答案： C