必修4 Unit 2（2）
Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的宾语从句。名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语成分时，用关系代词what连接。
①After a hard time，they came to what_is_called America today.
艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。
②We now live in what is called the Information Age.
我们现在生活在一个信息时代。
③He graduated from what was called a key high school.
他毕业于一所重点高中。He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他更愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
would rather宁愿、宁可，没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would rather。
(1)
①Nowadays，many college graduates would rather hunt for the little job opportunity in big cities than work in the poor areas，where they are in great need.
现在，许多大学生宁愿在大城市寻找较小的就业机会也不愿到最需要他们的贫穷地区工作。
②Rather_than_refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。
(2)would rather＋从句
would rather have done本来想……而未实现
③—Do you mind if I smoke？你介意我抽烟吗？
—Well，I’d rather (that) you didn’t.嗯，最好别抽。
④Mary is feeling upset.I would rather I hadn’t_told_her the bad news.玛丽感到沮丧，我要是没把这个坏消息告诉她就好了。Recently，however，scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to people’s health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。
have been finding是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。
①—I have got a headache.——我头疼。
—No wonder.You have_been_working in front of that computer too long.
——难怪你头疼，你在电脑前工作的时间太长了。
②No wonder you are so tired.You have been working all day.
难怪你这么累，你工作一天了。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The girl seldom，________________(如果有过的话)，turned to her brother for protection.
答案： if ever
2．—I hear Mr Wang has passed the driving test.
—______________(如果这样的话)，let me go and congratulate him.
答案： If so
3．I________________________(没看足球赛就好了) last night with my friends.Otherwise，I would have finished my paperwork by now.
答案： would rather not have watched the football match
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·南京二模)—The old store enjoys a good reputation in this area.
—Can’t agree more.There are very few，________，complaints about their service.
A．if any B．if so
C．if anything D．if ever
解析： 考查省略。句意为：——在这个地区，那个老商店享有良好的声誉。——非常同意。对他们的服务的抱怨如果有的话，也是很少的。if any若有的话，符合语境。
答案： A
2．(2017·泰安一检)—Ring me at six tomorrow morning，will you?
—Why that early？I________.
A．will sleep B．have slept
C．have been sleeping D．will be sleeping
解析： 考查时态。句意为：——明天早上六点打电话给我，好吗？——为什么那么早？那个时候我正在睡觉。根据语境可知，此处表示将来的某个时间正在做某事，应用将来进行时，故选D。
答案： D3．(2017·长春实验中学模拟)In the past decades，sea ice________in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A．had melted B．has been melting
C．melted D．is melting
解析： 考查动词时态。句意为：在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰正在融化。由in the past decades可知，句子用现在完成时，且事态还在发展中，故B项正确。
答案： B
4．(2017·湘潭市二模)—Hey，do you like the heavy metal music that I am playing?
—To be honest，I don’t.I’d rather you________silent.
A．had kept B．keep
C．should k解析： 考查虚拟语气。句意为：——嘿，你喜欢我正在播放的重金属音乐吗？——老实讲，我不喜欢。我宁愿你保持安静。would rather后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气。分析语境可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故要用动词的过去式。
答案： D
expand
vt.使变大，使增强，阐述；vi.扩大；增加，增强
expand one’s knowledge扩展知识
The purpose of education should be to expand the minds of children.教育的目的应该是扩展学生们的心智。comment
n．评论；议论；vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论
(1)make comments on/about...对……加以评论
No comment！无可奉告！
(2)comment on/upon sth.对……发表评论
The teacher often comments on/upon how different the two boys are.老师经常谈论那两个孩子的不同之处。focus vt.集中注意力；聚焦；n.焦点，关注点，中心点
(1) (2)the focus of attention/concern
注意力/关注的焦点
As far as I know，all her energies are focused on her children.
据我所知，她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们的身上。be satisfied with对……表示满足或满意
(1) 对……满意
(2)be satisfied to do对做……感到满意
Satisfied with what I said，mother agreed that I could go swimming with my classmates.
对我说的满意，母亲同意我与同学一起去游泳。
【写作素材】
1．中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活，并一直受着饥饿的困扰。
2．几十年来，他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法，但收效甚微。
3．多亏了袁博士的杂交水稻研究，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。
4．大多数农民都很满意现在的生活，宁愿待在农村当农民。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
【连句成篇】
Farmers in China used to live a hard life and was always disturbed by hunger.For decades，they struggled to search for
ways to increase rice harvests，but without success.Thanks to Dr Yuan’s research on the hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before，which means 22% of the world’s people have got rid of hunger.Most of the farmers say they are now quite
satisfied with their lives and would much rather be farmers in the countryside.
v．ing形式作主语、宾语
1．(2017·长沙市雅礼中学模拟)________unemployment insurance would mean telling millions of our neighbors who are out of work today that they’re on their own.
A．Cut B．Cutting
C．Having cut D．Being cut
解析： 考查非谓语动词。此处“cutting unemployment insurance”动名词短语作主语。句意为：去掉失业保险意味着告诉周围成千上万失业的人们，他们要靠他们自己。
答案： B
2．(2017·金华十校联考)Most Americans say gun control is the only way they can imagine________the number of school shootings in some American high schools.
A．reducing B．to reduce
C．reduced D．reduce
解析： 考查非谓语动词。“they can imagine”在句中修饰the only way，“________the number of school shootings in some American high schools”为不定式短语作目的状语，故选B。
答案： B
3．(2017·河南省普通高中适应性检测卷一)People spend many years learning about favorite sports and________how to do them well.
A．practice
B．practiced
C．practicing
D．to practice
解析： 考查非谓语动词。spend...(in) doing sth.表示“花费……做某事”，根据and可知，空处应与learning并列，作省略了的介词in的宾语，故选C。
答案： C
4．(2017·泰安质量检测)________in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.
A．Bringing up B．Having brought up
C．Being brought up
D．Brought up
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：Mr Wilson在乡下被抚养长大，这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知，bring up与Mr Wilson为逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句子缺主语，故用Being brought up。
答案： C
5．(2017·辽宁五校第一联合体考试)________twice a year，whether it is a car，a bus or a truck，is a rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A．Examining B．Examined
C．Having been examined D．Being examined
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意为：无论是汽车，公交车还是卡车，每年检查两次是这个城市的每个司机都要遵守的规则。根据句意可知此处应用examine的现在分词的被动式Being examined作句子的主语。
答案： D课时作业(十七) Unit 2 Working the land
(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)
第三讲 “心思难猜”的“attitude”型主旨大意题
作者通过文章可以表达的意图很多，文章可能体现作者的某种态度，比如支持、反对、批评、赞扬；也可能体现作者的某种目的，比如建议、劝阻、推销、指导等。这需要考生根据文章的内容进行细致的辨别和分析，弄清作者的态度和目的。一般来说，作者的态度和意图都能够从文章的论述方法、措辞、语气等方面推断出来。
(2017·北京卷)
Does Fame Drive You Crazy?
Although being famous might sound like a dream come true，today’s stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine.They are at the center of much of the world’s attention.Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes，cameras ready.Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!
According to psychologist Christina Villarreal，celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance.Eventually，they start to lose track of who they really are，seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them，not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.“Over time，” Villarreal says，“they feel separated and alone.”
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.In the 4th century BC，painters followed Alexander the Great into battle，hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century，his soldout readings attracted thousands of fans，leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy.Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about filmstars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be.Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome，why aren’t all celebrities running away
from it？The answer is there are still ways to deal with it.Some stars
stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family
or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.They focus not
on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made
them famous in the first place.
Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still，even
stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives
are.They are tired of being famous already.
语篇解读 本文为议论文。作者主要对现在的名人没有隐私的问题发表了自己的看法。
1.It can be learned from the passage that stars today________.
A．are often misunderstood by the public
B．can no longer have their privacy protected
C．spend too much on their public appearance
D．care little about how they have come into fame
解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二、三、四句“They are at the center of much of the world’s attention.Paparazzi camp outside their homes，cameras ready.Tabloids
publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.” 可知现在的明星没有隐私，故选择B项。
答案： B
2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired.
B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.
C．Wellknown actors are usually targets of tabloids.
D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.
解析： 主旨大意题。此段通过列举历史上的名人所遇到的麻烦来证明名人所遇到的问题由来已久，故选择B项。
答案： B
3．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?
A．Availability of modern media.
B．Inadequate social recognition.
C．Lack of favorable chances.
D．Huge population of fans.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段所描述内容可知以Internet为代表的现代媒介令名人们的处境更加不易，故此题选择A项。
答案： A
4．What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?
A．Sincere. B．Sceptical.
C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.
解析： 观点态度题。通读全文可以发现，作者对现代名人没有批判、怀疑或是大加鼓励，倒是同情他们没有隐私、体谅他们难处的句子频繁出现，故此题应选择D项sympathetic同情的。sincere真诚的，sceptical怀疑的，disapproving不赞同的。
答案： D
1．一般来说，作者对某一事物的态度往往较为明确，要么支持，要么反对。
2．当作者的态度没有明确表达出来时，要学会根据作者使用的词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。
3．作者的观点一般与文章的主旨相关联。
例如真题示例第4题，通读全文可以发现，作者对现代名人没有批判、怀疑或是大加鼓励，由第四、五段“Being a public figure today，however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be.”可知，作者对名人没有隐私，体谅他们的难处，因此D项正确。sincere真诚的；sceptical怀疑的；disapproving不赞同的；sympathetic同情的。