选修8 Unit 5（1）
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
1．alternative(n.)可能的选择
(adj.)供选择的；其他的
2．interrupt(vt.& vi.)打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
3．acute(adj.)有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
4．assume(vt.)假定；设想
5．significance(n.)意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
6．somehow(adv.)以……方式；不知怎么地
7．delete(vt.)删；删除
8．academy(n.)学院；学会；学术团体；院校
9．applaud(vi.& vt.)鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
10．accelerate(vi.& vt.)加速；促进
11．arrest(vt.)逮捕；吸引
(n.)逮捕；拘留
12．starvation(n.)挨饿；饿死→starve(vi.)挨饿；饿死
13．accuracy(n.)精确；准确→accurate(adj.)准确的；精确的
14．messy(adj.)凌乱的；脏的→mess(n.)凌乱；脏15．analysis(n.)分析→analyses(pl.)→analyse(vt.)分析→analyst(n.)分析者，化验员→analytic(al)(adj.)分析的，解析的
1．regardless_of 不管；不顾
2．at_most至多；最多
3．cut_up切碎
4．fed_up_with受够了；饱受；厌烦
5．look_ahead向前看；为将来打算
6．date_back追溯到……
7．concentrate_on集中
8．search_for寻找
9．take_turns_to_do_sth.轮流干某事
10．can’t/couldn’t_help_doing 禁不住干某事
1．Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。
名师指津：as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如”。
例句仿写：正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。
(2017·新课标卷Ⅰ)“You can’t judge a book by its
cover，” as_the_old_saying_goes.
2．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！
名师指津：此句用了虚拟语气。if only...意为“要是……就好了”。
例句仿写：看看我所处的困境，要是我接受他的建议就好了！
Look at the trouble I am in.If_only_I_had_followed his advice!
3．She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。
名师指津：句中“had done...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“(刚)做完了……就在那时……”。
例句仿写：我刚到家，就在这时大雨就倾盆而下。
I had_just_got_home_when the rain poured down.
4．Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.
她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。
名师指津：only to do 动词不定式表出乎意料的结果。
例句仿写：他试图打败我，结果使我更加坚强。
He attempted to defeat me，only_to_make me stronger.
alternative adj.供选择的；其他的；n.可能的选择；选择对象
(牛津P56)You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；those are the two alternatives.你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。
(1)
(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地
The manager said that they had an alternative plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted.经理说如果他们递交的计划不被接受，他们还有另外一个计划。
I had_no_alternative/choice_but_to_report him to the police.
除了向警察举报他，我别无选择。assume v．假定；设想；假装；承担
教材原句P38：So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.
所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
(1)
(2)
(3)assuming that...假设/假定……
We must assume_him_to_be innocent until he is proved guilty.
尚未证实他有罪，我们就得假定他是清白的。
Where unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
在那些失业率和犯罪率都很高的地方，我们可以认为后者的发生归因于前者。
Assuming_that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?
假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？
interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
教材原句P38：I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？对不起，打断了你的讲话，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？
(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)(因某事)打断某人/某事
(2)
It’s bad manners to interrupt_others when they are talking.
打断别人谈话是没礼貌的。
Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption.
我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。
arrest n．逮捕；拘留；vt.逮捕；吸引
(牛津P92)A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。
(1)
(2)
Her laughter arrested_our_attention and we all stared at her.
她的笑声吸引了我们的注意，我们都盯着她看。
They are trying to make a new medicine to arrest the spread of the disease.
他们正试图研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。
Fifteen persons were under_arrest because of the serious violence.由于暴乱十五人被捕。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．______________(假定) you have a chance to go abroad，what would you do?
答案： Assuming
2．It’s obvious that greenhouse gases will ____________________________(加速全球变暖) and harm the polar bear.
答案： accelerate global warming
3．The factory set up the year before is____________________(有重大意义) for this area’s economy.
答案： of great significance
4．Apart from what you have mentioned above，do you have any____________________(供选择的建议)?
答案： alternative suggestions
5．__________________________(认为) there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
答案： It is assumed that
.单项填空
1．(2017·陕西卷)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but________an even greater challenge.
A．meets B．meeting
C．meet D．to meet
解析： 考查动词不定式。句意为：如果他承担这份工作，他将别无选择，只有迎接更大的挑战。have no choice but to do为固定结构，意为“别无选择，只能……”。
答案： D
2．(2017·合肥高三质检)You needn’t have________the meeting to tell me that.You could have come up to me afterwards.
A．come B．interrupted
C．joined D．gone
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意为：其实你不必打断会议告诉我那件事。你本可以会后来找我。interrupt打断……讲话；打岔，符合句意。
答案： B
3．The escaped prisoner got________immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.
A．to arrest B．arresting
C．arrested D．to be arrested解析： “get＋过去分词”构成被动语态。句意为：逃犯一出现在火车站就被逮捕，并再度被送进监狱。
答案： C
4．(2017·浙江调研测试)Some educators________that children should be rewarded for their great performance.
A．assumed B．adopted
C．advocated D．convinced
解析： 句意为：一些教育学家倡导孩子们好的表现应受到奖赏。advocate倡导，提倡，符合句意。assume假定；adopt采取；收养；convince使确信。
答案： C
regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
①He says what he thinks，regardless of other people’s feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。
②The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless_of race，religion，or sex.这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族③Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions.不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵守他的决定。
date back追溯到……
教材原句P44：All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to
between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000年到5000年前。
date back to＝date from追溯到……
out of date过时的，陈旧的up to date最近的，新式的，现代的
①According to the expert，the temple has a history dating_back_to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。
②My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/dates from my schooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
[名师指津] date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。
③This is an old building dating back to /dating from the 16th century.
这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．Whenever we are in trouble，we must________________________(向前看) and encourage ourselves.
答案： look ahead
2．In the end，I just____________________(厌烦) his constant complaining.
答案： got fed up with
3．A new engine would cost，______________________(至多) two thousand dollars.
答案： at most4．They took action to help those people whose village has been____________________(隔绝) by the flood.
答案： cut off
5．All the people should be treated with respect__________________(不管，不顾) their race，education and wealth.
答案： regardless of
6．The history of this country can__________________(追溯到) the Stone Age.
答案： date back to/date from
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·云南高中毕业班复习统一检测)All are welcome to join the Yoga Club________age or sex.
A．because of B．regardless of
C．in case of D．in terms of
解析： 句意为：欢迎大家加入瑜伽俱乐部，不论年龄或性别。because of因为；regardless of不顾，不管；in case of如果，假使；in terms of就……而言，在……方面。根据句意可知B项正确。
答案： B 2．(2017·甘肃兰州、靖远名校高三模拟)________whether weight loss is your goal，it makes sense to include lowfat food in your diet.
A．Apart from B．As for
C．According to D．Regardless of
解析： 句意为：无论减肥是不是你的目标，你的饮食中含有低脂食物是明智的。根据句意可知应选D项，表示“不管，不顾”。
答案： D
3．(2017·福建高三第二次联考)________her good salary，Mary measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.
A．In case of B．In place of
C．In spite of D．In favor of
解析： 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：尽管Mary薪水很高，但在家庭开支上每一块钱她都要算一算。in spite of尽管，符合句意，故选C。
答案： C
4．Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower，which________as early as 800 years ago.
A．dates back to B．is dated back
C．dates back from D．was dated from
解析： 短语date back to相当于date from，意为“追溯到，始于”。句意为：每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。
答案： A