选修7 Unit 4（1）
Unit 4 Sharing
1．concept(n.)观念；概念
2．relevant(adj.)有关的；切题的
3．remote(adj.)遥远的；偏僻的
4．adjust(vi.& vt.)调整；(使)适合
5．otherwise(conj.)否则；不然
(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面
6．arrangement(n.)安排；排列
7．purchase(vt.& n．)买；购买
8．anniversary(n.)周年纪念(日)
9．click(vt.& vi.)(使)发出咔嗒声
(n.)咔嗒声
10．security(n.)安全；保护；保障
11．participate(vi.)参与；参加→participation(n.)参加；参与→participant(n.)参加者
12．donate(vt.)捐赠→donation(n.)捐赠，捐款→donator(n.)捐赠者
13．voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→volunteer(n.& vi.)自愿者；志愿者；自愿做……
14．distribute(vt.)分配；分发→distribution(n.)分布状态；分配；分发
15．operate(vi.)工作；运转；(vt.)操作→operation(n.)手术；运转→operator(n.)操作人员
1．hear_from 接收……的信
2．the_other_day不久前的一天
3．dry_up(指河流、井等)干涸
4．adapt_to适应
5．to_be_honest诚实的说
6．get_through通过
7．set_up建立；开张
8．(be)_dying_to_do极想；渴望做某事
9．dry_out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
10．in_need在困难中；在危急中
11．come_across遇见
12．stick_out伸出
1．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们步行两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
名师指津：from where we had fantastic views是修饰a ridge的定语从句。
例句仿写：我们爬到山顶，在那儿我们可以一览整个城市。
We went up to the top of the hill，from_where we had a good view of the whole city.
2．To be honest，I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boy’s lives at all.
说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
名师指津：doubt whether...怀疑是否……
例句仿写：我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。
I doubt_whether they will finish the hard task in two days.
3．The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
名师指津：not...but...不是……而是……
例句仿写：能使一个人成为科学家的不是这些工具，而是他使用这些工具的方法。
It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.
adjust vi.& vt.调整；使适合
教材原句P30：The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛过了好一阵才适应过来。
(1)
(2)
(2017·北京卷阅读理解)A manmade tail is created for Grace to adjust her way of swimming.
给小海豚Grace带上人造尾巴的目的是调整它的游泳方式。
When a child is studying abroad，he must learn to adjust/adapt_to_living_on_his_own.
当孩子出国留学时，他必须学会适应独立生活。
We have made an adjustment to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.
我们对价格做了调整，给你们百分之三的优惠折扣。
participate vi.参与；参加
教材原句P30：I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language，even though I could not participate in the conversation.我喜欢听他们家人细声细气地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能参与谈话。
(1)
(2)participant n．参加者；共享者
(3)participation n．参与；分担；共享
①Students are encouraged to participate in the running of the college.学生们被鼓励参与学院的管理工作。
More than 400 children participated in a cleanup the park.
400多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动。
All the participants in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.所有参加辩论的人都有机会发言。
privilege n．特权；特别优待
教材原句P30：It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.能与汤比一家度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
(1)
(2)
①Education should_not_be_a__privilege in the modern society for everyone has the right to do so.在现代社会中，不应该把教育看成一种特权，每一个人都有权利接受教育。
Ladies and gentlemen，I have_the_great_privilege_of introducing our speaker for tonight.
女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。
donate vt.捐赠；赠送
教材原句P34：Would you like to donate an unusual gift?
你愿意捐献一份不平常的礼物吗？
(1)donate sth.to sb./sth.向某人/事捐献某物
(2)
(3)donator n．捐赠者，赠送者
As a volunteer，he recognized that donating_blood required very little work and virtually no pain while helping to save a life.
作为一个志愿者，他承认献血不是一件艰难的事情，几乎没有疼痛却有助于挽救生命。
If most breadwinners donate a day’s pay to the Hope Project，then it will make a great difference.如果大多数挣工资的人把一天的所得捐给希望工程的话，那将意义重大。
Charities appealed for donations of food and clothing for victims of the hurricane.
慈善机构呼吁为飓风的受害者们捐献食品和衣物。
operate vi.工作，运转；给……动手术；vt.操作
(2017·辽宁卷)This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
这种机器很容易操作，任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用。
(1)
(2)
The doctor said that the patient had to be_operated_on at once，which made us all worried.
医生说这个病人必须立刻做手术，这使我们都非常担心。
For most people，it’s almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse.
对大多数人而言，没有鼠标几乎无法操作电脑。
People were trapped between floors because the lift didn’t_operate_properly.由于电梯运转不正常，人们被困在了楼层之间。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．Jim didn’t prepare ahead of time.What he said______________________________(与我们的讨论无关) at all in the meeting.
答案： was not relevant to our discussion
2．The retired man__________________________(把大部分积蓄捐给了) to the school damaged by the earthquake.
答案： donated most of his savings
3．The war may come to an end soon because both sides want______________ ________________________________________(加入和平会谈)．
答案： to participate in the peace talks
4．In order to meet everyone’s need，I ________________________(做……调整) to the design.
答案： made a few adjustments
5．______________________(有幸) to perform on the same stage with such a super star.
答案： It was a privilege
.单项填空
1．The government will force companies to________any possible measure to reduce PM2.5 in the air in 2017.
A．adjust B．adopt
C．adapt D．accept
解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：在2017年政府会迫使公司采取任何可能的措施来减少空气中PM2.5的含量。adopt采用，采纳，收养，符合句意。adjust调整，适应；adapt适应；改写；accept接受。
答案： B
2．(2017·海口高三质检)To be honest，it took me more than a month to________myself________the new school life.
A．adopt；to B．adjust；to
C．adapt；into D．suit；for
解析： adjust...to调整，使适合。句意为：老实说，我花了一个多月时间才适应新学校的生活。adapt与to搭配；adopt采纳，收养；当suit表示“使适合”时，与to搭配。
答案： B
3．(2017·南京三模)It is unfair that one can enjoy________just because he or she is rich or powerful.
A．privilege B．possession
C．principle D．position
解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：一个人仅仅因为有钱或者有权就可以享有特权是不公平的。privilege(有钱有势者)的特权，特殊待遇，符合句意。possession拥有，个人财产；principle原则；position位置，职位。
答案： A
4．A local woman has given her ninemonth baby a second life by________part of her liver on Sunday.
A．distributing B．giving
C．supplying D．donating
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意为：星期天，一位当地妇女通过捐赠自己的部分肝脏给了她九个月大的宝宝第二次生命。supply意为“供应(所需要，所要求的)”；distribute意为“分配，散发”；give意为“给予”，为一般词汇，一般接双宾语；donate意为“捐赠”。
答案： D
5．Students in our school are encouraged to________more activities after class in order to broaden their knowledge.
A．attend B．join
C．take part D．participate in
解析： participate in＝take part in表示“参加集体活动”的意思。
答案： D
6．The new drug began to________not long after it was taken.
A．operate B．operate on
C．help D．work on
解析： 句意为：这种新药在服用后不久就起作用。operate在此意为“起作用”；operate on做手术；work on继续工作，影响。help起作用，但是结构不正确。
答案： A
(be) dying to do sth.渴望做某事
教材原句P29：I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here，so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想像出我所谈到的地方。
(1)be dying for sth.渴望得到某物
(2) 想要……，渴望……
①When will the result of the exam be announced？The students are_dying_to_know it.
考试结果什么时候公布？学生们渴望知道结果。
②The child wants to return to school because he is thirsty for knowledge.那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望知识。
③Mike is eager to stay away from the busy city life for a while.
迈克渴望离开繁忙的城市生活一段时间。
come across偶然遇到或发现，碰见
(2011·天津卷)She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
昨天她在百货商店购物的时候偶遇一位老朋友。
(1)
(2) 偶然遇见
①I often help my friends if they come across some difficulties in English.
如果我的朋友在英语方面遇到什么困难，我经常帮助他们。
②The new law has come into effect in 2017，which will surely have an effect on industry of the country.2017年新的法律已经生效，它肯定会对这个国家的工业产生影响。
③No matter what difficulty you will meet with，carry_out_your_plan.不管你遇到什么困难，都要执行计划。
in need在困难中；在危急中
(牛津P1338)The charity aims to provide assistance to people in need.这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
in need of需要
There is no need for sth.不需要某物
There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事
①As the saying goes，a_friend_in_need is a friend indeed.
常言道，患难见真情。
②Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.
当人们需要帮助时，行动比话语更好。
③There_is_no_need_to regret what has happened.
没必要为已经发生的事感到后悔。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．It’s clear that the young American man________________________________(渴望学汉语) from you.
答案： is dying to learn Chinese
2．The small brook nearly______________________(干涸) because it hadn’t rained for months.
答案： dried up
3．Faced with so much trouble，I am__________________________(需要你的帮助)．
答案： in need of your help
4．In summer，water the plants regularly and never let the soil__________________(干透)．
答案： dry out
5．Don’t refer to a dictionary every time you____________________(偶然遇到) an unknown word.
答案： come across
6．Being abroad for so many years，I always look forward to____________________(收到家人的信)．
答案： hearing from my family
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2017·日照模拟)When reading English novels，I often________some idiomatic expressions that I can’t understand.
A．come across B．go over
C．get across D．take over
解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在读英文小说的时候，我通常会碰到(come across)一些我不懂的习惯用语。go over复习，重温；get across使……被理解；take over接管，接收。根据语境可知答案选A项。
答案： A
2．(2017·福建泉州四校第二次联考)Hearing the news of the flood，thousands of people donated money and food to the children________.
A．in need B．in vain
C．in common D．in particular
解析： 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：听到有关洪水的消息，成千上万的人给这些贫困的孩子们捐赠现金和食品。in need意为“缺(食物或钱)”，符合句意。in vain徒劳无益，in common；公有，共有；in particular尤其，特别，均不符合句意。
答案： A
3．These people from different backgrounds and with different personalities could have quarreled with each other，but actually，they spent the year together________.
A．in danger B．in trouble
C．in peace D．in need
解析： 句意为：来自不同背景和有不同个性的人们本来会彼此争吵，但实际上他们在过去的一年里相处得很好。A项“在危险中”，B项“在麻烦中”，C项“处于和平中”，D项“需要”。
答案： C
4．Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education，though he was________to get one to support his family.
A．dying B．looking forward
C．fighting D．wanting
解析： 句意为：杰克因为文化程度低而没有找到工作，尽管他渴望找一份工作养家。be dying to do sth.渴望做某事，符合句意。
答案： A