2015高考英语一轮精讲教案：必修6 （7）

　　选修6 Unit 4（1）

　　Unit 4　Global warming　

　　1．random(adj.)胡乱的；任意的

　　2．range(n.)种类；范围

　　3．glance(vi.)看一下；扫视

　　(n.)一瞥

　　4．widespread(adj.)分布广的；普遍的

　　5．average(adj.)平均的

　　6．advocate(vt.)拥护；提倡；主张

　　7．casual(adj.)随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的

　　8．circumstance(n.)环境；情况

　　9．refresh(vt.)使恢复；使振作

　　10．phenomenon(n.)现象→phenomena(pl.)现象

　　11．quantity(n.)量；数量→quality(n.)质量

　　12．tend(vi.)趋向；易于；照顾；(vt.)照顾；护理→tendency(n.)倾向；趋势

　　13．oppose(vt.)反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed(adj.)反对的；对立的

　　14．consequence(n.)结果；后果；影响→consequently(adv.)因此；所以

　　15．state(vt.)陈述；说明→statement(n.)说明；说法；表白

　　16．steady(adj.)平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily(adv.)平稳地；持续地

　　17．existence(n.)生存；存在→exist(vi.)存在

　　18．contribution(n.)贡献→contribute(v.)贡献；撰稿

　　1．come_about　发生；造成

　　2．subscribe_to同意，赞成，订阅

　　3．go_up上升；增长；升起

　　4．be_opposed_to反对……

　　5．keep_on继续

　　6．on_the_whole大体上；基本上

　　7．on_average 平均来看

　　　below/above_average低于/高于平均水平

　　8．put_up_with忍受；容忍

　　9．and_so_on等等

　　10．quantities_of大量的

　　11．result_in导致

　　12．even_if甚至

　　13．on_behalf_of代表……一方；作为……的代言人

　　14．so_long_as只要

　　1．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.

　　毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。

　　名师指津：There is no doubt that...毫无疑问，that引导同位语从句。

　　例句仿写： 毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。

　　There_is_no_doubt_that radio and television are important means of communication.

　　2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.

　　即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。

　　名师指津：even if即使；尽管，引导让步状语从句。

　　例句仿写：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。

　　The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities，even_if_they_have_the_interest.

　　3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！

　　名师指津：so long as＝as long as只要，引导条件状语从句。

　　例句仿写：只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。

　　As_long_as_we_don’t_lose_heart and keep on trying，we are sure to get over difficulties，and achieve our aims.

　　4．They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.

　　他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。

　　名师指津：宾语从句中的强调句型。

　　例句仿写：我不知道是什么事情使他那么伤心。

　　I don’t know what it_is_that made him so upset.

　　quantity n．量；数量；数目，数额

　　教材原句P26：The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向空气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。

　　(1)a quantity of大量的

　　quantities of＋许多的，大量的

　　in quantity大量的

　　(2)quality n．质量

　　As far as I’m concerned，it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.就我个人而言，重要的是质量而不是数量。

　　(朗文P1667)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in_quantity.

　　大批量购买这些卡片要便宜些。

　　(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。

　　(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

　　(上海高考)As a result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of desert has_covered the land.

　　由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。

　　With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are_being_washed_away each year.

　　随着更多的森林被毁，每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。

　　subscribe vi.同意； 捐赠；订阅；vt.签署(文件)；捐助

　　(牛津P2017)The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.

　　当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。

　　(1)subscribe to向……捐……；订阅……；预订……；签名认可，同意……

　　(2)subscribe name签名

　　subscribe a will在遗嘱上签字

　　①I was unwilling to subscribe to the contract，but it seemed that I had no choice.我不愿在合同上签字，可又似乎别无选择。

　　②My main reason for subscribing_to New Scientist is to keep the pace of advances in science.

　　我订阅《新科学家》的主要原因是要跟上科学的进步。

　　Don’t go and ask for her idea about our plan.Never will she subscribe to it for the trip.不要去问她对我们这个计划的想法。她不会同意这次旅行的。

　　oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量

　　(牛津P1209)She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.她仍然强烈反对移居国外。(1)oppose

　　oppose sth.to/against sth.

　　使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗

　　(2)opposed adj.相反的；对立的

　　be opposed to...反对……；与……对立

　　The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone.

　　父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。

　　(朗文P1437)Most company bosses say they are_opposed to employees working a lot of overtime.

　　大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员频繁加班。

　　range n．范围；射程；类别；(山脉，房屋等的)排列；v.变动，变化；排列

　　(2017·辽宁卷书面表达)In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.除了这些传统活动，我们还有一个更广泛的选择，如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚朋友。

　　(1)a wide range of一系列……；各种各样in/within range在射程以内，在……范围内

　　beyond/out of range在射程外，在……范围外

　　(2)range from...to...在……范围内变动

　　range between...and...在……和……范围内变动

　　(3)wide­ranging adj.范围很广的；向深处延伸的；遥远的

　　College students are of many different ages and come from a wide range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds.

　　大学生们年龄参差不齐，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景。

　　The price of the house is well beyond_our_range.

　　这栋房子的价格远远超过了我们能承受的范围。

　　He has a number of interests，ranging_from playing chess to swimming.他的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。

　　average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的；n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准；v.计算出……的平均数

　　(2017·湖南卷阅读理解)The library now gets an average of five visits a day.图书馆每天平均有五位顾客拜访。

　　(1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)

　　(2)on

　　(the) average平均起来

　　above/below average在平均水平以上/以下

　　up to average达到平均数；达到一般水准

　　(3)average out算出平均数

　　On_average，people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.通常，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人健康。

　　Tom’s work at school is above_(the)_average，while Harry’s is below (the) average.

　　汤姆在学校的功课在一般以上，而哈利的功课在一般以下。

　　The economy has grown at a remarkable rate，averaging almost 10 percent per annual.

　　经济以惊人的速度增长，每年平均增长率将近百分之十。

　　circumstance n．环境；情况(通常用作复数形式)

　　教材原句P30：Recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.

　　如果情况允许的话，回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。

　　in/under the circumstances

　　在这种情况下；情况既然如此

　　in/under no circumstances

　　决不，无论如何都不(放句首时主句用倒装语序)

　　(牛津P344)Under the circumstances，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.

　　在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。

　　She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。

　　Under no circumstances will_her_parents_allow her to marry such a selfish man.

　　无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　1．If you are serious about our relationship，you should ____________________(做出承诺)．

　　答案：　make a commitment

　　2．He is the manager，hiring and firing are__________________(在他职责范围) of his responsibilities.

　　答案：　within the range

　　3．____________________(匆匆看了……之后) at the patient，the doctor rang for an ambulance.

　　答案：　After a quick glance

　　4．In some supermarkets，prices of items go up and down__________________(随意的)．

　　答案：　at random

　　5．We______________________(坚决反对) helping the young man addicted to alcohol.

　　答案：　are firmly opposed to

　　6．—Rose lost her job again.

　　—Don’t worry.There is____________________(大量工作) for girls of her age.

　　答案：　a quantity of work

　　.单项填空1．(2017·宁夏银川模拟)As is shown in the movie，under no circumstances________faith.

　　A．you should lose B．shouldn’t you have

　　C．should you lose D．you shouldn’t have

　　解析：　考查倒装。句意为：正如电影向我们展示的，无论在什么情况下，你都不应该失去信心。under no circumstances无论如何都不，位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，再结合句意可知应选C项。

　　答案：　C

　　2．One of the reasons why huge quantities of good soil________is that floods happen frequently in that area.

　　A．had been washed away B．has been washed away

　　C．were washed away D．are being washed away

　　解析：　 句意为：大量良田被冲走原因之一是那个地区洪灾频发。quantities of＋名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。根据One of the reasons...is that floods happen frequently in that area可知要用现在的时态，排除A、C，又因为quantities of修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数形式，所以选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　3．(2017·潍坊高考模拟)Skiing in Taiwan is________most of the time because there’s very little snow there.

　　A．common B．average

　　C．normal D．impossible

　　解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：在台湾，大多数时候是不可能滑雪的，因为那里几乎没什么雪。common普通的，常见的；average平均的；normal正常的；impossible不可能的。

　　答案：　D

　　4．(2011·天津卷)He was a good student and scored________average in most subjects.

　　A．below B．of

　　C．on D．above

　　解析：　考查介词辨析。句意为：他是个好学生，而且大部分课程的成绩高于平均分。above average高于平均水平；below average低于平均水平；on average按平均计算。根据a good student可知D项正确。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2017·宁波高三质检)—Would you like this gold necklace，Madam?

　　—It’s beautiful，but out of my price________.

　　A．control B．reach

　　C．aim D．range

　　解析：　考查名词词义。句意为：——你喜欢这条金项链吗，女士？——它很漂亮，但是我买不起。out of one’s price range超出某人能承受的价格范围，与句意相符。

　　答案：　D

　　6．(2017·浙江绍兴质检)—Do you________to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?

　　—Absolutely not.I think it is just on the rise.

　　A．appeal B．oppose

　　C．subscribe D．respond

　　解析：　句意为：——你同意她关于经济状况的悲观看法吗？——完全不。我认为经济在回升。subscribe to同意；appeal to吸引，呼吁，求助于；oppose to反对；respond to对……做出回应。根据答语可知C项正确。

　　答案：　C

　　result in导致

　　(2017·南京模拟书面表达)As we know，with the development of economy，the number of cars is increasing very rapidly，thus resulting in some social problems.众所周知，随着经济的发展，小汽车的数量在迅速增加，结果导致了诸多社会问题。

　　result from...由……造成；因……而产生

　　as a result结果

　　as a result of...由于……的结果

　　without result没有结果；白费

　　①It is reported that the terrible accident resulted_in 11 children being killed.据报道这次事故造成11名儿童死亡。

　　②However，pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress.

　　但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。

　　③(2011·安徽书面表达改编)I often turn to my classmates or teachers for help.As_a_result，I have made steady progress in my studies.我经常向同学或老师求助，因此我在学习上稳步增长。

　　put up with容忍；忍受

　　(2011·全国卷Ⅰ)I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.

　　我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌它不干净。

　　put up with/bear/stand/tolerate容忍；忍受

　　put aside节省，储蓄，储存

　　put away收起来

　　put forward提出建议；把……向前拨

　　put off延期，推迟

　　put out熄灭，扑灭

　　put

　　up提出；推荐；留某人住下

　　①(牛津P1615)I’m not going to put up with their smoking any longer.我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。

　　②Encourage children to put_aside some of their pocket­money to buy Christmas presents.

　　应当鼓励孩子们省下一部分零花钱来买圣诞礼物。

　　③He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting_up_for the night at the hotel.

　　他决定开车回镇上，不在旅馆过夜。

　　④One moment please，I’m just trying to put you through.

　　请等一下，我这就给你接通电话。

　　come about发生；造成

　　①How did it come about that you were an hour late on such a short trip?

　　这样一次短途旅行你还迟到一小时，这是怎么回事？

　　辨析：happen，occur，take place与break out

　　come about

　　“发生，产生”，通常与how连用

　　happen “发生”，指偶然的、意外的事情发生

　　take place “发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”

　　break out 指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发”

　　②A fire broke_out during the night and caused a great damage.

　　③Luckily the earthquake didn’t happen in the center of the city.

　　④How did it come_about that the dairy products were harmful to children?

　　⑤Great changes have taken_place in our school in the past few years.

　　Ⅰ.短语替换

　　1．At the airport he stood for the association and read an address of welcome.

　　→At the airport he read an address of welcome________ ________ ________the association.

　　答案：　on behalf of

　　2．I can’t stand her another day—she never stops complaining.

　　→I can’t________ ________ ________her another day—she never stops complaining.

　　答案：　put up with

　　3．Any honest man will object to such a policy.

　　→Any honest man will________ ________ ________such a policy.

　　答案：　be opposed to

　　4．In general，my opinion is the same as yours.

　　→________ ________ ________，my opinion is the same as yours.

　　答案：　On the whole

　　5．The reform has led to great changes in our country.

　　→The reform has________ ________great changes in our country.

　　答案：　resulted in

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·安徽芜湖市模拟)—Oh，John，what shall I do？My boss dislikes me!

　　—Well，come on！Let’s________your troubles and enjoy the party!

　　A．put away B．put off

　　C．put aside D．put out

　　解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：—— John，我该怎么办？我的老板不喜欢我！——别这样，把你的烦恼先放一边(put aside)，好好享受聚会时间。put away放好，储存；put off推迟；put out熄灭，出版，均不符合语境，故答案选C。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2017·陕西宝鸡质量检测)He will have to find some other work，for he can’t________this loud noise any more.

　　A．put up with B．come up with

　　C．make up with D．keep up with

　　解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：他将不得不再找别的工作，因为他再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。put up with忍受，忍耐；come up with提出，想出；make up with和好，和解；keep up with和(朋友)保持联系。

　　答案：　A

　　3．(2017·甘肃兰州、靖远模拟)True happiness does not________the possession of money，but the joy of achievement.

　　A．contribute to B．lie in

　　C．result in D．add to

　　解析：　考查动词短语。句意为：真正的幸福不在于对金钱的占有，而在于成功的喜悦。根据句意应选lie in，表示“在于”。A项“有助于，促成”；C项“导致”；D项“增加”。

　　答案：　B

　　4．It is his smoking in the workplace that________that terrible accident and that’s why he was fired yesterday.

　　A．broke up B．resulted in

　　C．resulted from D．broke out

　　解析：　句意为：就是他在工作间吸烟导致了那次可怕的事故，那也是他昨天被开除的原因。result in导致，符合句意。

　　答案：　B

　　5．—How did it________that you made such a silly mistake?

　　—I myself haven’t figured it out yet.

　　A．bring about B．come about

　　C．come across D．come on

　　解析：　句意为：——你怎么会犯如此愚蠢的错误？——连我自己都还没弄明白。B.形成，产生。A.造成，引起；C.偶然发现；D.改进，加油。

　　答案：　B