第08天
Ⅰ.常考句型
【句型1】 Since＋S＋过去时，S＋现在完成时。“自从……”
仿写：自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
Since_he_went_to_senior_high_school，he_has_worked_very_hard.
【句型2】 It pays to＋V...“……是值得的。”
仿写：帮助别人是值得的。
It_pays_to_help_others.
【句型3】 be based on“以……为基础”
仿写：社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
The_progress_of_the_society_is_based_on_harmony.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I grew up in a tiny Baltimore row house in a faraway mountain area.My parents __1__ the necessities of life but couldn't give much more.If I asked my father for a pair of jeans，he would say，“ If you want them，make the money and buy them yourself.” He wasn't being mean; he just couldn't __2__ them.From age 12 on，I did parttime jobs after school.
When I __3__ from high school，I joined the navy.Soon I was in a boot camp(新兵训练营) at Parris Island，S.C.，where I learned that life in the navy centered around completing daily __4__.These could be anything from cleaning the camp to conducting mock(模拟的) battles.Completing these tasks successfully __5__ discipline，teamwork and responsibility.I didn't __6__ whether you were black，white or Asian; everyone worked together for the __7__ of the company.
I went on to graduate from the U．S.Naval Academic and later became an officer in the navy.The part of my job I __8__ most was the consulting(咨询) meetings I __9__ with the family members of the men and women in my __10__，trying to help them deal with the long periods of __11__.These proved popular and word of them spread.Before long I was being asked to give encouraging __12__ to business groups，educators and kids across the country.
But I consider the boot camp my first real __13__，and my life is still guided by the __14__ lessons I learned there.It taught me discipline，friendship and the pride related to setting a task every day and working hard to __15__ it.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是一个贫穷的小男孩成长为海军军官的故事，他选在海军服役，后又做咨询工作，这些工作使作者收获很大。
1．A.provided B．got
C．made D．bought
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据后面的couldn't give much more可知，作者的父母提供生活必需品。
答案 A
2．A.pay B．find
C．produce D．afford
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据前面的couldn't give much more可判断出这里表示“买不起”。afford指时间或经济能力可以“花费得起，经受得住”，须与情态动词can，could或be able to搭配。
答案 D
3．A.came B．returned
C．escaped D．graduated
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据后面的from high school可知，当作者在高中毕业时，参加了海军。
答案 D
4．A.drills B．tasks
C．exercises
D．reports
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。根据后面的These could be anything from cleaning the camp to conducting mock battles.可判断出，他在海军的生活集中在完成日常工作中。task意为“任务”。 后面有Completing these tasks进行提示。
答案 B
5．A.included B．asked
C．required D．met
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据部队的实际情况和其宾语discipline，teamwork and responsibility可判断出，完成这些任务需要纪律。require意为“需要，要求；命令”。
答案 C
6．A.matter B．mean
C．exist D．work
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据后面的everyone worked together可判断出，无论你是黑人、白人或亚洲人都没有关系。
答案 A
7．A.good B．staff
C．rest D．right
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。根据上文的内容可判断出大家在一起为整个团体的利益而工作。good在这里为名词，意为“好处，利益”。
答案 A
8．A.took B．hated
C．enjoyed D．did
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据后面的These proved popular and word of them spread.可判断出，作者最喜欢做咨询工作，因为只有喜欢才能把工作做好。
答案 C
9．A.ended B．began
C．continued D．held
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。根据句子结构可知，I held with the family members of the men and women...是定语从句，作meetings的定语，表示与男女家庭成员在一起举行的咨询会。
答案 D
10．A.charge B．situation
C．position D．choice
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。固定表达in my charge意为“归我负责，主管”，表示由作者负责的男女家庭成员。
答案 A
11．A.lessons B．meetings
C．training D．separation
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。根据上文的内容可判断出作者帮助那些长期分离的夫妻。training 训练；separation分离。
答案 D
12．A.gifts B．descriptions
C．speeches D．performances
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。根据前面的．..meetings I held with the family members of the men and women in my charge可判断出，作者给全国的商业团体、教育工作者和年轻人作鼓励他们的演讲。description描述；speech演讲；performance演出。
答案 C
13．A.vacation B．place
C．job D．travel
解析 考查语境中名词的辨析。根据上文的内容可判断出作者把新兵训练营作为自己的真正的工作。
答案 C
14．A.important B．bitter
C．normal D．difficult
解析 考查语境中形容词的辨析。根据上文的内容可判断出作者先是在海军服役，后又做咨询工作，这些工作给作者很重要的教育作用。bitter厉害的；normal平常的；difficult困难的。
答案 A
15．A.gain B．achieve
C．show D．match
解析 考查语境中动词的辨析。努力工作完成任务。achieve意为“完成，做到，获得(胜利等)，达到(目的)，实现”，指克服困难之后取得成功、成就或实现预期的目的，强调结果。
答案 B
.语法填空
Dear fellow students，
May I have your attention，please？Now I'd like to make a speech here.As we know，waste __1__ (become) common scenes on campus.Some pour the remains of a meal when there is still much __2__(leave);
__3__ simply walk away after washing hands，leaving the water __4__ (run); students leave the classroom every day __5__ noticing whether fans are switched off.Has thrift(节俭)，one of the most national tradition __6__ developed from our long history gone? __7__ so，find it back!
We don't have to take great pains to control waste，but action and a grateful heart are needed; thank the water that runs through our fingers，and save it for poor Arabian or African countries struggling in water __8__ (short); thank the light we enjoy because in poor areas，children share a dim(昏暗的) lamp __9__ (read); thank all the paper we are able to use，for trees are cut down to satisfy __10__ needs; thank everything nature can offer and everything we can own.
Live and act，so the tradition of thrift will never fade.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇应用文——演讲稿，倡导学生们不要浪费粮食和水，要勤俭节约。
1．has become [考查时态。正如我们所知，校园浪费已经成为常见的现象。根据句意可知这里是已经发生的事情对现在的影响，故用现在完成时have/has done形式，因主语waste是不可数名词，应用has done。]
2．left [考查非谓语动词。一些人把还剩余的大量饭菜倒掉，过去分词形式left表示“剩余的”，作后置定语。]
3．others [考查代词。根据前面的some指代一些人，此处是并列，故应是另外一些人怎样，some...others...。]
4．running [考查非谓语动词。另外一些人洗完手后就走了，让水还继续流着。leave ... doing...让……一直或继续……，宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系。]
5．without [考查介词。学生们每天离开教室时，没注意到风扇是否关掉，后面的notice是ing形式，可知与介词连用，此处表示否定意义，介词without表示“(表示否定)无，没有”。]
6．that [考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这里是定语从句，作从句中的主语，指代前面的tradition要用that，不可用which的原因是tradition前有最高级修饰。]
7．If [考查连词。如果是这样，就把它找回来。if引导条件状语从句。 固定表达if so如果这样的话。]
8．shortage [考查名词。水资源短缺，此处要用short的名词形式shortage。]
9．to read [考查非谓语动词。孩子们分享昏暗的灯光来读书，此处表目的，用不定时形式。]
10．our [考查形容词性物主代词。砍掉树是为了满足我们的需求。因为之前主语都是we，故此处用we的形容词性物主代词our。]