考点分类导练
根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能，因此，词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容。 词义猜测题
猜测词语意思
要求考生根据语境猜测生词、短语或句子的意思，或者推断熟词生义。题干中常含有mean，is closest in meaning to，refer to， be replaced by等。这类题在广东高考最近八年来,每年考查1~2个小题。 [技巧点拨] 1.根据接近或递进关系：由and或or等可确定生词的义域，推知它的大致意义。 2.根据选择或相对关系：对比or(要么，或者)前面和后面的句子或词语，来猜测生词的含义。 解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分的上下文(也就是人们常说的语境)来推测其意思。以下是可供参考的几个小技巧： 3. 根据同位或解释关系：通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。
4. 根据转折或对比关系：由上下句之间的转折或对比关系来推测词义。
5. 根据因果关系：根据前后的因果关系来推断其中的某个生词或短语的意思。既可由因推果，也可由果推因。 6.根据列举的实例：根据such as， for example等后列举的实例也可推测出前面某个词语的意思。
7.根据并列同类关系：一般说来,并列的几个事物应属同类事物,由此可推测其中一个的大概意思。
考题中若要求我们猜测熟悉词语的意思,我们必须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思,那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。 注意： 经典例题
(2011广东)Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for
their cats are worried that they will fight. A
recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study，if the cat is adopted before the dog，and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats，a year for dogs)，it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. 31. The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to___. A. early
B. sweetly C. quickly
D. smoothly 解析：本文首句以疑问句Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home?开头，接着就是与此相关的调研结果或回答；由表明研究结果的句子“A recent research has found a new recipe of success”和调查结果的句子 “Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog”可知，两种宠物是可以“相处得好”的，故选D。 即时练习
Ⅰ 47. The underlined word “remedy” (in Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to____. A. avoid
B. accept C. improve
D. consider C 据上文推测。由上文，你没有能力也不可能“改变the (bad) situation”， 然而“你可以remedy the situation”，根据这种转折的逻辑关系可推出，remedy应是“改善”之意。 Ⅱ A. formed an idea for
B. made an outline for C. made some space for
D. chose some colors for 47. The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means ____.
A
据近义推测。上下句是Some…Others…句式，while we conjured up our designs的对应部分是while deep in thought，可见conjured up是deep in thought的近意表达，意为“思考、构想”，故选A。 Ⅲ A. interest
B. distance C. difference
D. separation 41. The underlined word “gulf” in Para. 3 most probably means ____. C
据近义或反义推测。因Music was not the only gulf与上段末句是递进关系，可见gulf与gap是近义关系；这里是回忆过去与现在(文章首段)的对比，可见这里的gulf与文章首段首句中的alike和same是反义关系，因此，gulf的意思是“差异(difference)”。 Ⅳ A. state-owned houses
B. houses in very good condition
C. grand houses open to the public
D. houses where statesmen meet regularly 44. The underlined phrase “stately homes” in Paragraph 4 means ____. C
由与之并列的and museums 及后面作目的状语的不定式短语to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past可知，选C。 * * * * * * * *