语言文化
(二十三) A. most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson B. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago D. English conversations usually start with the weather 1.The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that. D
细节理解题。由第一段第二句Such a fixation with…comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather. ”可知，人们见面喜欢谈论天气。 A. A social trend.
B. An emotional state. C. A historical concept.
D. An unknown phenomenon. 2.What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to? B
词义猜测题。由词语所在句Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood可知, Bryson认为英国的天气实在让人郁闷, 这种 (热衷谈论状态) 实在让人难以理解。由此可推出, 这是一种emotional state(情感状态)。 A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather B. there is nothing special about the English weather C. the English weather attracts people to the British Isles D. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty 3. According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that _____. D
细节理解题。由第三段最后一句According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain…可知，Jeremy Paxman 认为英国的天气阴晴不定，让人喜欢谈论。 A. To explain what English weather is about. B. To analyse misconceptions about the English weather. C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. D. To convince people that the English weather is changeable. 4. What is the purpose of writing the passage? A
主旨大意题。由最后一段最后一句In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.可知，英国人将谈论天气看成一种社会的纽带，这就是解释了人们见面喜欢谈论天气的原因了。 fixation
n. 固定
commentator
n. 评论者 outsider
n. 外人
misconception
n. 谬见 find expression in 在……中表现出来
has nothing to do with 与……无关 natural phenomena 自然现象
miss the point 没有抓住要领 routine greetings 例行问候
overcome the natural reserve 克服天生的矜持 a convincing explanation有说服力的解释 a means of social bonding 社会联系的一种手段 ［复记强化］ ［难句理解］Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” 结构分析：整个句子的主干是Such a fixation finds expression。that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.”是个同位语从句，说明comment的具体内容。
汉语大意：这种与天气相关的固定模式可以在约翰逊博士的著名评论——当两个英国人见面时，他们的第一次谈话肯定是天气——中表现出来。 A. the American bank didn’t think much of him B. the American bank might hire another person C. it’s difficult to get used to American culture D. it’s easy to misunderstand Americans 1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought ____. A
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句That “quite” saddened me和第四句的I thought he was saying “we’re kind of pleased…可知作者以为这家美国银行对他的评价不高，所以不开心。 (二十四) A. encourages
B. helps to narrow C. increases
D. draws attention to 2.The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ____. D
词义猜测题。本句意:人们做事的方式使我们更加明显地看到了很多文化差异。 3. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences? A. Ask the native people for help. B. Understand and accept them. C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in-depth research. B
细节理解题。根据第三段的Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them可知。 4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are ____. A. Italians
B. Germans C. Greeks
D. British B
细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句If you invite people to a party at 7 o-clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany可知德国人通常是准时赴约。 A. Language differences. B. Different languages. C. Cultural differences. D. Different cultures. 5. What is the passage mainly about? C
主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知本文主要讲述了不同国家的文化差异。 hire
vt. 雇用
sadden
vt. 使伤心；使难过 be kind of 有点(=a bit/a little)
turn up exactly on time 按时出现；按时到场 it is just a question of… 这只不过是个……问题 the head of the Personnel Department 人事部门的负责人 ［复记强化］ A. Love.
B. Politeness.
C. Joy.
D. Thankfulness. 1. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.? C
细节理解题。根据第一段中的in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure可知。 (二十五) A. express their emotions
B. experience their emotions C. “read” others
D. smile at others
2. The underlined word “do” in Para. 2 probably means ____.
A
词义猜测题。分析本句的句法结构可知这里的do是一个代动词, 代替前面的谓语。
A. show friendliness to strangers
B. be used to hide true feelings C. be used in the wrong places
D. show personal habits 3. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___. B
推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知。 A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds. C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next. 4. What should we do before attempting to “read” people? B
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的可知,我们在“读”人们表情的时候, 要理解他们的文化背景。
A. Cultural Differences
B. Smiles and Relationship C. Facial Expressiveness
D. Habits and Emotions 5. What would be the best title for the test? C
主旨大意题。通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式以及文化差异导致面部表情的不同含义，故选C。 improper
adj. 不合适的
attempt to 试图；企图 generalize
vt. 归纳；概括
background
n. 背景 facial expression 面部表情
cause confusion across cultures 在不同文化间造成困惑 ［复记强化］ * * * * * * * * * * * *