第一部分一、单句填空
1.(2015·北京,21改编)________(catch) the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
答案:To catch To catch在此作目的状语。句意:为了赶上早航班,我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。
2.(2015·北京,23改编)The park was full of people,________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
答案:enjoying enjoying为现在分词作伴随状语,与people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意:公园里人山人海,他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。
3.(2015·北京,31改编)If ________(accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.
答案:accepted accept与主语you构成逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词。句意:如果你被录用了,我们会很快通知你。
4.(2015·天津,5改编)________(absorb) in painting,John didn't notice evening approaching.
答案:Absorbed 动词absorb有“使专心”之意,常见短语be absorbed in,所以用过去分词作原因状语。
5.(2015·天津,8改编)________(work) for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
答案:Having worked 该题逻辑主语是Steve,与动词work是主谓关系,已知谓语动词为managed to finish,“成功完成”,比较动作work和已知谓语可知,先工作两天,才成功完成,因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。
6.(2015·陕西,17改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.
答案:to thank go on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以,但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”,而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知,Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事,即:感谢帮助过她的人,故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后,Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。
7.(2015·陕西,18改编)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take) good care of at home.
答案:taken 分析结构可知,此处是“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语可以是do,doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系,且强调动作的全过程,用省略to的动词不定式,即do;若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系,且强调动作正在进行,用doing;若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系,用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系,要用taken作宾补。句意:在非洲医疗服务两年后回来,李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好,他很高兴。
8.(2015·浙江,18改编)Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another.
答案:being performed 由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”,故填being performed。
9.(2015·湖南,30改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.
答案:wondering 句意:当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时,她愣愣地站在了那里,不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood,所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。
10.(2015·湖南,34改编)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________(talk) over what is bothering them.
答案:to talk talk over讨论。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意:有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。
11.(2015·重庆,11改编)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way ______(use) the sun and the stars.
答案:using using the sun and the stars在句中作状语,与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:像古代水手那样,鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。
12.(2015·福建,28改编)________(learn) more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
答案:To learn 由语境可知,此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意:为了更多地了解中国文化,杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。
13.(2015·福建,33改编)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared,________(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.
答案:combining 由语境可知,infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系,故要用doing作状语。句意:近几年,一个英语单词infosphere出现了,它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。
14.(2015·江苏,24改编)Much time________(spend) sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
答案:spent 本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句,逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系,故填spent。句意:因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁,办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。
15.(2015·课标全国,66)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough________(cool) the house during the hot day.
答案:to cool 句意为:当新的一天到来时,这些墙已经释放完它们的热量,现在冷得足够能让房子在炎热的白天保持凉爽。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处应用不定式作结果状语,be adj. enough to do sth.为固定结构,意为“足够……去做某事”。
二、单句改错
1.(2015·黑龙江大庆铁人学校期中)Even when it comes to
shake hands, ladies come first.
答案:shake改为shaking 在when it comes to...句型中,to为介词,所以要用动名词作to的宾语。
2.(2015·河北保定模拟)The express company will get allthese goods received delivering to the customers today.
答案:delivering改为delivered 句意为:快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语these goods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,即these goods为deliver动作的承受者,所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语,此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构。
3.(2016·辽宁)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.
答案:understanding改为understand It's difficult to do sth.意为“做某事是困难的”,其中to为动词不定式符号,其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。
4.(2015·山西太原联考)I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York.
答案:locating改为located 句意为:我和我的两个朋友一起,正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be) located in...为固定用法,意为“坐落于……”。故将locating改为located。
5.(2015·吉林长春外国语学校期中)We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together.
答案:remember改为remembering 句意为:我们所有人都很享受这宝贵的一天,记着我们一起度过的时光。句中已有谓语动词enjoyed,因此remember应用非谓语动词形式;remember与主语we之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词形式。
6.(2015·浙江重点中学协作体联考)But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves.
答案:raising改为raised 句意:但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知,“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”,故应用过去分词作定语。
7.(2015·江西红色六校联考)The ability express one's idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one's college.
答案:express前加to 句意为:一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。
8.(2015·黑龙江大庆铁人中学月考)The office of the Students' Union will contact the choosing
candidates for an interview in a few days.
答案:choosing改为chosen 句意为:几天后,学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”,表示被动和完成,所以用过去分词作定语。
9.(2015·江西上饶六校重点中学联考)Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind.
答案:Travel改为Travelling 作句子的主语,表示事实,用动名词。动词原形不能作句子的主语。
10.(2015·浙江台州调研考试)They couldn't help say that their son had grown up.
答案:say改为saying can't help doing“禁不住做某事”,是固定短语。
三、语法填空
(2015·广东中山一中等七校联考改编)
When I was young, we lived in what is now a forest preserve. People had the habit of abandoning dogs, __1__ drove my poor mother crazy! We were not rich and already had a dog.
__2__(look) out of the window my mother complained to us about the irresponsible and cruel person, who had just thrown a dog. We __3__(tell) to stay away from the dog as we could not afford it. I felt __4__(extreme) upset, and I couldn't believe my mother refused to help the animal. She said, “Here we are not the only one. Let others take care
__5__ the creature.”
__6__
poor dog lay at the end of the driveway and hardly moved. I was very sad, but dared not say anything to my mother. Later that day I couldn't find my mother in the house. I looked in every room but she was __7__(go). Then I saw my mother __8__(come) home with the dog. We kids ran outside __9__(greet) our new friend.
My mother didn't say why she
__10__(change) her mind. It's not what you say. It's what you do.
1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案:
文章大意:作者一家遇到一只被抛弃的狗,开始作者的妈妈不想管它,因为他们家养不起。但后来她还是把那条可怜的狗领回了家,作者也不知道为什么妈妈会改变主意。
1.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,________drove my poor mother crazy为非限制性定语从句,且从句中缺少主语,关系词指代前面所说的内容,故用which。
2.Looking 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作伴随状语,且与主语my mother之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。
3.were told 考查动词时态和语态。主语we与动词tell之间存在着被动关系,且动作发生在过去,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。
4.extremely 考查词性转换。修饰形容词upset应使用extreme的副词形式extremely。
5.of 考查动词搭配。take care of为固定搭配,意为“照顾……”。
6.The 考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的被抛弃的狗,故用定冠词。
7.gone 考查词性转换。句意为:我找了每一间屋子,但是她不见了。设空处位于was之后,应用形容词作表语,gone意为“消失的,离去的”,符合语境。
8.coming 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词saw,且逻辑主语my mother与动词come之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系,see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”,故填coming。
9.to greet 考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表目的。
10.had changed 考查动词时态。根据语境可知,此处指妈妈在回来之前改变了主意,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
四、短文改错
(2015·江西南昌十所重点中学模拟冲刺)
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn't understand “real music ”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
答案:
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years
the violin. , I couldn't understand “real music ”. After I graduated
high school, a friend of mine suggested that we
to learn the guitar because we
thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on
we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful . Now the guitar is the most
part of my life and I practice it every day.
解析:
第一处:learn→learning spend some time(in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”,为固定搭配。
第二处:Therefore→However 前一句讲“我”花费十年多的时间来学习拉小提琴,后一句讲我“不能理解真正的音乐”,前后为转折关系,故应用However。
第三处:at→from 表示“从……毕业”应用graduate from。
第四处:started→start suggest作“建议”讲时,其后宾语从句的谓语应为should do,should可以省略,因此应将动词过去式改为原形。
第五处:all→both 此处讲“我”和“我”的一位朋友都认为吉他很酷,表示“两者都”应用both。
第六处:that→which 此处先行词为the day,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导,相当于“介词+which”,此处应为on which,故将that改为which。
第七处:删除the 形容词性物主代词my后面不能用定冠词the。
第八处:在choose前加to It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型,意为“做某事需要花费某人……时间”,it为形式主语,动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
第九处:model→models several后面接名词复数形式。
第十处:importantly→important 修饰名词part应该用形容词形式important。
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