第一部分 (一)说明文
(2015·课标全国Ⅱ)
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.__1__，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.__2__.As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__3__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__4__.After two weeks，start timing yourself.__5__.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
A．After six days
B．For a good marathon runner
C．Before you begin your training
D．With each day，increase the distance by a half mile
E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them
F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
答案：
文章大意：本文介绍了跑马拉松前要做的准备工作和训练内容，包括鞋子的选择以及如何循序渐进地增加训练时间和运动量。
1．C 文章第一句概括介绍了跑马拉松前要做的准备工作和训练内容，空格后面一句是说买跑鞋的问题，所以C项Before you begin your training放在此处可起到承上启下的作用。
2．E 上一句说如果跑鞋看起来挺合适，多穿几天再次核实鞋是否合脚。E项If they still feel good，you can begin running in them(如果这双鞋子穿起来仍然感觉不错，那么你就可以穿着跑步了。)是上一句的延伸，故选E项。
3．A 根据本段第一句During the first week...和第三句But during the
next week...给出的提示，可知本空说的是时间，A项After six days符合语境。句意为：在第一周，不要考虑距离，每天比前一天多跑五分钟。六天之后休息一天是明智的。
4．D 前面提到第一周不要考虑跑的距离，但是从第二周开始，每次跑步至少要跑1.5英里，可知本段是说要循序渐进加大训练量，这与D项(每天都要增加0.5英里)表达的信息一致，故选D项。
5．G 根据上文的After two weeks，start timing yourself.和下文的．..set
up a timetable...可知，两周以后，你应该在训练量以及训练时间上制订出一个适合的目标，故选G项。
(二)议论文
(2015·河南郑州质检)
Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game.
The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like sportsmanship.
Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (具有运动家品格的人) respect the other players on their team. They respect the players on opposing teams. They respect coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. __1__
They yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.
Kids usually learn sportsmanship—good and bad—from the adults in their lives. __2__ If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.
__3__ Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.
Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life! __4__ Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.
So be a good sport in whatever you do! __5__
When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills.
A．Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.
B．On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.
C．The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.
D．Players' parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.
E．We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them.
F．Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.
G．If you're a good sport on the field, you'll also likely be a good sport in the classroom.
答案：
文章大意：文章主要讲述了体育运动中最重要的不是比赛的输赢，而是通过运动锻炼身体、获得乐趣以及学会一些重要的社交技能。
1．B 上文说Good sportsmanship is all about respect.下文讲的是运动品德较差的人的一些行为，上下文所表达的意思相反。所给选项中B项在逻辑上与之匹配。下一段的第一句话Kids usually learn sportsmanship—good and bad...也有提示。
2．D 下文是对该空的进一步解释。下一句中的parents and coaches 和D项中的parents and coaches一致，都是对设空处前一句中所说的adults in their lives作进一步解释。
3．A 设空处是该段中心句。空后举例讲述了两种好的体育精神(good sportsmanship)的具体体现，故选A项。
4．G 根据前文的．..it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life！和下文的Being a good sport in the classroom...可知设空处表示好的体育品格从运动场到教室的迁移。故选G项。
5．C 下文When others see you acting in a way...(当其他人看到你用一种……方式表现时)和C项中的The example you set...一致。解答该题的关键词之一是others。