非谓语动词
针对高考训练
一、单项填空
1.As a considerate secretary,she never fails to know what in her daily routine.
A.to expect B.expected
C.expects D.to be expecting
答案:A
解析:考查不定式的用法。“特殊疑问词+不定式”用作宾语,表示将来的动作,等同于从句what she can expect。
2.(2016山东枣庄高三模拟)He lost his computer while travelling, away all his secret photos.
A.gave B.to give
C.giving D.given
答案:C
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他在旅行中丢失了电脑,他所有的私密照片都泄漏了出去。伴随着电脑的丢失,他的私密照片也就泄漏了,这是自然而然的结果。表示顺其自然的结果,用现在分词;不定式表示出乎意料的结果。
3.(2016山东潍坊实验中学高三模拟)Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night,he finally found himself in the forest.
A.lost B.being lost
C.having been lost D.losing
答案:A
解析:考查过去分词作宾语补足语。 句意:在黑暗中挣扎着走了一整夜,他最后发现自己在树林里迷了路。该句子使用了“find+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构,此处lost是过去分词,作宾语补足语,意为“迷失方向的”。
4.The Imperial Palace, in 1406,is a landmark of Beijing.
A.founded B.founding
C.being founded D.to be founded
答案:A
解析:考查过去分词作定语。完整的定语从句为:which was founded in 1406。
5.With his attention on his mobile phone,he didn’t notice his headteacher’s appearance.
A.fixed B.having fixed
C.fixing D.to fix
答案:A
解析:考查with的复合结构。在该结构中his attention和fix之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。
6. more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.
A.To compete B.Being competed
C.Competing D.Competed
答案:A
解析:句意:为了更有效地和其他人竞争,越来越多的人接受了高等教育。不定式在该句中作目的状语。
7.(2016湖南三校高三联考) with the increasing unemployment,many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
A.Facing B.Being faced
C.Faced D.Having faced
答案:C
解析:考查过去分词作状语。句意:面临日益上升的失业率,大部分欧洲国家的很多人都罢工了。sb.be faced with sth.“某人面临某事”,这里用过去分词作状语,故选C项。
8.Most students’ attitudes towards fashion are reported nowadays in a recent survey.
A.changingB.to be changing
C.having changed D.to be changed
答案:B
解析:句意:在最近的一次调查中,据报道大多数学生对于时尚的态度,如今已正在改变。are reported后面常接不定式,排除A项和C项。change在此句中表示自然而然的改变,作不及物动词用,排除D项。to be changing是最佳答案。
9.Jane’s summer vacation in Paris led a French.
A.to her marryingB.for her to marry
C.to be married D.to her being married
答案:A
解析:led to后面要接动词的-ing形式或动词的-ing形式的复合结构作宾语,marry sb. “嫁给某人”。即选:to her marrying。
10.It is wise to forget such things as aren’t worth .
A.remembering B.being remembered
C.to remember D.to be remembered
答案:A
解析:句意:忘记那些不值得记住的事情是明智的。worth后面的动词remember与主语things是被动关系,但是要用其主动形式表示被动意义。故A项是最佳答案。
1.A
Many countries have passed safety laws that require seat belts in vehicles.A modern three-point seat belt,also called a safety belt,is a harness to prevent the driver or a passenger from flying forward and hitting hard against the interior of a vehicle during a collision.A modern seat belt will help to position you properly to gain maximum benefit from your car抯 airbags that will inflate (使充气)during a collision.Using a seat belt also prevents you from being ejected (弹出) from a car into the path of oncoming traffic.Research shows that when you wear a modern seat belt,you reduce the risk of death or serious injury by 70% or more during an auto accident.
Seat belts have existed in different forms since the early days of automobiles,and they have changed from a single lap belt to the three-point seat belt we use today.In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.Then,in the 1920抯 they were used in rarce-cars.By the 1930s,a group of American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles and urged vehicle manufacturers to provide seat belts on all vehicles.
Dr.C.Hunter Shelden made a major contribution to our safety with his article in the November 5,1955 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).He strongly encouraged the manufacture and use of door locks,airbags,and retractable(伸缩式的) seat belts,like the ones we use today.The modern three-point seat belt,including a lap belt and a shoulder belt,was introduced as standard equipment on Volvo cars in 1959.
In 1970,the state of Victoria in Australia made the wearing of a seat belt compulsory for every car driver and front-seat passenger.Today many countries have also mandated(授权) the use of five-point safety harnesses for carefully designed child safety seats that can protect a child during a serious car accident.
An airbag is a Supplemental Restraint System,or SRS,and consists of a rapidly inflatable restraint cushion that works together with a seat belt to protect you during a collision.Modern cars often contain several airbags in various locations.Since airbags can only inflate once and will quickly deflate after the initial impact,they will not provide any protection for you during a secondary collision.
The inflation of airbag can protect or hurt you.The risk zone for a driver抯 airbag is the first 8 centimeters from its pre-inflation location.While driving,you should remain about 25 centimeters from the airbag in the center of the wheel.As a driver,wear cyour seat belt and make sure children correctly use their seat belts.Failure to wear a seat belt properly means the airbags in your car might injure or even kill you during an accident.
An essential part of your safe driving skills is the habit of making sure that you and each of your passengers are always properly positioned and wearing a seat belt.There are many wonderful benefits of being able to drive a car,but there are also severe consequences during an accident for anyone who chooses not to wear a seat belt.
【语篇导读】开车或坐汽车佩戴安全带是行车常识。本文首先列举了佩戴安全带的好处,然后简述了安全带的发展历史,同时作者通过安全气囊的作用,进一步强调了使用安全带的重要性。
1This article mostly deals with .
A.how to drive safely on the road
B.different forms of seat belts
C.the history of seat belt development
D.the importance of seat belt use
答案:D
解析:考查主旨大意。本文主要说明了佩戴安全带的重要性。
2.We can learn from this article that .
A.to reduce your risk of death or serious injury by 70%,you must wear a five-point seat belt while you are driving
B.American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles because they had seen many injuries caused by car accidents
C.if two or more collisions occur during a serious car accident,your airbags can help reduce the risk of death by 70%
D.the US was the first country to require by law that car drivers and front-seat passengers wear their seat belts
答案:B
解析:考查细节理解。A项错在five-point seat belt,C项错在two or more,D项错在the US was the first country。具体细节可以参考原文的说明。
3.The author treats the subject of this article with .
A.good humor B.admiration
C.seriousness D.disapproval
答案:C
解析:考查主旨大意。本文作者一再强调使用安全带的重要性,因此其态度是严肃的。
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Seat belts were first used in airplanes and then applied to vehicles.
B.Airbags,door locks,and seat belts were all designed at the same time.
C.The lap belt is more modern than the 3-point safety belt.
D.Buying the latest seat belts is an essential driving skill.
答案:A
解析:考查细节理解。第二段中“In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.”这句话是答案的出处。
5.B
KING LEAR
Part 3
NARRATOR:As soon as Goneril has got all she can from her father,she begins treating him disrespectfully.When Lear wants to speak to her,Goneril tells her servant,Oswald,to say she is sick.She encourages her staff to be disrespectful towards Lear and begins complaining about the hundred soldiers Lear has brought with him.However,King Lear soon has a friend by his side.The Duke of Kent,who Lear ordered to leave Britain,cannot abandon his king.He therefore comes to Lear disguised as a servant called Caius and asks for a job.
(Enter Lear,several of Lear’s soldiers and Kent disguised as a servant.)
LEAR:OK,Caius.I’ll give you a trial.And if you prove to be good at your job,I’ll keep you on as my servant.(Oswald enters.) Hey,you there.Where’s my daughter?(Oswald ignores the king and hurries out of the room.) Hey.What’s going on?Call him back.Is he deaf?(A soldier rushes out after Oswald.) It’s as though the whole world has gone to sleep.(Soldier reenters.) Where’s that servant?Why didn’t he come back when I called?
SOLDIER:Sir,he answered me very rudely and said he would not come back.
LEAR:I don’t believe it!
SOLDIER:Sir,I am sorry,to tell you this,but it seems to me that you are not being treated with the respect due to a king.Everyone here,including your daughter,is behaving very coldly towards you.
LEAR:Mmm.I suspected the same,but I kept telling myself it was my imagination.Please tell my daughter I wish to speak with her.(Soldier bows and leaves.Oswald enters.) Ah,come here my man and answer me.Who am I?
OSWALD:My lady’s father.
LEAR:Your lady’s father?Is that all I am to you,you dog,you slave!(Lear raises his arm as though to strike Oswald.)
OSWALD:I’ll not be hit,my Lord.
KENT:(Kent kicks Oswald’s feet out from under him.) And you won’t be laid flat on your back either,I suppose.Now get up and get out of here.(Oswald leaves.)
LEAR:My thanks,Caius.I can see you will be a most valuable servant.
(Enter Goneril.) What’s up,daughter?You always seem to be frowning lately.
GONERIL:Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and fighting?I thought when I told you about their behaviour you would make them behave,but now I hear you have insulted Oswald.I do believe you are encouraging your soldiers in their bad behaviour.
LEAR:Is this my daughter scolding me?
GONERIL:I have had enough of your soldiers.They are expensive to keep and you don’t need them.Besides,their drunken behaviour and bad manners are disgusting.You will send half of them away.And unless you want me to get rid of the rest of them too,I suggest you teach them how to behave properly.
LEAR:That’s a lie.My soldiers are good men who know how to behave properly.I won’t stay here to be insulted.I still have one more daughter.She’ll scratch out your eyes when she hears how you’ve treated me.Men!Get my horses ready and collect my baggage.I’ll leave immediately.I won’t stay where I’m not welcome.(Lear and companions leave.)
NARRATOR:Lear sends Kent on ahead to the castle of his other daughter,Regan,to tell her that he will soon be arriving.Goneril sends her servant Oswald to Regan to tell her side of the story.
【语篇导读】本文是莎士比亚的著名悲剧《李尔王》的节选。该剧叙述了年事已高的李尔王意欲把国土分给三个女儿,口蜜腹剑的大女儿高纳里尔和二女儿里根赢其宠信而瓜分国土,小女儿考狄利娅却因不愿阿谀奉承而一无所得。得到国土的两个女儿很快露出冷酷的真面目,使李尔王连栖身之地也没有,只好跑到荒郊野外去与野兽为伍。节选部分叙述了李尔王在大女儿那里的不幸遭遇。
5Who does the underlined “him” probably refer to?
A.Kent. B.Oswald.
C.Lear. D.Soldier.
答案:C
解析:考查代词指代。通过上文的father可以知道,him指代的就是李尔王。
6.Why did the Duke of Kent disguise himself as a servant?
A.To find a chance to meet Goneril.
B.To share some of the king’s wealth.
C.To find a job in the court.
D.To serve and help his king—Lear.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。通过“The Duke of Kent,...,cannot abandon his king.”这句话可以知道,忠心耿耿的肯特不会背叛或抛弃自己的国王,因此他乔装改扮在他身旁,自然是想帮助或保护主人的。
7.From the passage,what is the relationship between Goneril and Regan?
A.Sisters. B.Couple.
C.Sister and Brother. D.Brothers.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。通过最后一段中“...his other daughter,Regan”可以推断出二者为姊妹关系。
8.Which of the following best describes the character of King Lear in this passage?
A.A wise king and father.
B.A cold-hearted father.
C.A cruel and selfish king.
D.A stupid and a bit stubborn man.
答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。听信谗言、不辨是非不能称之为wise;对女儿百依百顺,有求必应不能称之为cold-hearted或selfish。如果用世俗的眼光来看的话,李尔王是一个善良、慈爱、轻信、刚愎自用的人,他的悲惨命运恰恰就是由他的性格造成的。