2016年湖北武汉高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（15）（含答案）
【阅读理解】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “ecoguilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.
Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book ，The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it
measures the “real state of the world”as fine. Of course ，another explanation is the deep
pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industryfunded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues
like global warming.
So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”
Such onesided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's “preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)”．
A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become halfblind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.
本文讲述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们一定要严肃对待。
1. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”？
A. People who agree on the popularity of “ecoguilt”．
B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.
C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.
D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.
答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影响。短文第二段第二句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知B项正确。
2. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg's book?
A．Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.
B．The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.
C．The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.
D．Industryfunded media present confusing information.
答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知Lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相似的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会注重环保。
. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to ______.
A. voice a different opinion B. find fault with Lomborg's book
C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views
答案：A。推理判断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对Lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“Nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知A项正确。
. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?
A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.
B. To warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.
C. To blame the media's lack of responsibility in presenting information.
D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.
答案：D。作者意图题。由短文最后一段第二句话可知，媒体应当提供全方位的信息，让人们在了解情况的前提下做出决定。由此可知D项正确。
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
While some dictionaries define the word “right” as “a privilege” when used in the context of “human rights”, we are talking about something more basic. Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he set all slaves free and let them return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. Cyrus’ statements are about the first “human rights” declaration in history.
Every person has certain basic rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called “human rights” rather than a privilege, which can be taken away at someone’s sudden desire. They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.
Yet many people, when asked to name their rights, will list only freedom of speech and belief and perhaps one or two others. There is no question that these are important rights, but the full scope of human rights is very broad. They mean choice and opportunity. They mean the freedom to get a job, adopt a career, select a partner of one’s choice and raise children. They include the right to travel widely and the right to work without trouble, abuse and threat of arbitrary (霸道) dismissal. They even embrace the right to leisure.
In ages past, there were no human rights. Then the idea turned up that people should have certain freedoms. And that idea, in the wake of World War II, resulted finally in the document called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the thirty rights to which all people are entitled.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. What Are Human Rights?
B. Why Do We Have Human Rights?
C. How Do Human Rights Come Into Being?
D. What To Do With Human Rights?
2. How did the first human rights come into being?
A. By Cyrus conquering the city of Babylon.
B. By Cyrus setting the slaves free.
C. By Cyrus making his statement about human rights.
D. By choosing ones own beliefs.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Human rights can be taken away for some reason.
B. Human rights have the same meaning as privileges.
C. Human rights can help you live a peaceful life.
D. Human rights can be used to hurt others.
4. The underlined word “embrace” in the third paragraph means .
A. to seekB. to includeC. to enjoyD. to share
5. From the last paragraph we can infer that .
A. people would have freedom rather than human rights
B. at the beginning of 20th the more complete rights appeared
C. thirty human rights have existed for about 70 years
D. World War II decided human rights
【参考答案】1—5、ACCBC
2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle (狗刨式游泳) — the golden brown pet helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet’s owner Judy Fridono said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination (协作). Her balance is so good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them feel good to know that Ricochet is there with them, keeping them company.”
After becoming an expert, two-year-old Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. Dressed in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a reassuring presence.
Ms. Fridono knows what an impact her beloved dog can have. She herself was severely disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus on what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said.
One of those who have benefited from Ricochet’s skills is six-year-old Ian McFarland. In 2008 a car crash left him with brain damage. Although he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he was told he could try a tandem (双人) surf session with Ricochet. Their session was a success and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. As well as helping with treatments, Ricochet also raised £5,000 to help continue Ian’s recovery.
Over the last 10 months, Ricochet’s excellent performances on the sea have raised more than £30,000 for a number of charity causes.
1. According to the passage, Ricochet is
.
A. a doctor
B. a dog
C. a dog owner
D. a disabled boy
2. What role does Ricochet play according to the passage?
A. She acts as a pet to please its owner.
B. She accompanies the disabled children at home.
C. She helps the disabled children learn to surf.
D. She works as a guide dog for the blind.
3. Ian McFarland considers Ricochet’s work to be
.
A. challenging
B. doubtful
C. attractive
D. satisfying
4. Which statement can best describe Ricochet?
A. The two-year-old dog is severely disabled.
B. Ricochet helps youngsters build up their confidence.
C. Ricochet helps youngsters in their daily life.
D. Ricochet is a lifesaver on the sea.
参考答案1-4、BCDB
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Columbus College , 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive ,Kowloon City
Memo
To:
All Staff
From:
Jackie Mock, Secretary; Sports Development Committee
Date:
May 20, 2010
A week ago, “Sports for Life” programmer was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play. Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it . Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.
Sports 1: Basketball.
We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible. Students will take a private bus to and from Kwan Tong Sports Park .To cover the cost of hiring a bus , each student will have to pay ＄10 each time. There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game.
Sports 2: Gym
We will be using St. Peter’s Memorial Park. There are two reasons for choosing this park. First, it is not very busy and crowded before 6:00 pm. Second, it has lot of trees with plenty of shade. Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst. Three activities, skipping , jogging , outdoor aerobics (有氧运动),all of which are free of charge, will be arranged. And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities.
Sports 3: Hiking
Hiking(远足)will take place at Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2:30 pm and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers. Each instructor will cost ＄75/hr. Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen.
Sports 4: Swimming
The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (i.e. 2:45pm to 3:45pm).Only students skilful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is ＄10 per visit.
(
) 1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Students selecting basketball had better register early.
B. Students participating in gym should arrive at 6:00 pm.
C. Hiking usually begins at 2:30 pm and lasts 2 hours.
D. Students having swimming suits can take up swimming.
(
) 2. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. students taking part in basket ball will walk to the courts.
B. every student can gain admission to one of the four sports
C. hiking students can have a regular rest in the shade of trees
D. students taking up the four sports should bring bottles of water
(
) 3. It can be concluded that
A. each sport will take only on hour sports
B. students will be charged for the four sports
C. all the sports will take place at Kowloon Peak
D. teachers will accompany students on each sport
(
) 4. The purpose of the memo is to
A. attract students’ interest in the programme
B. require the parents to select a sport for their child
C. help the staff explain the programme to the parents
D. remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time
【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。文章主要讲述了公司为让员工更好地给家长解释“Sports for Life”这个体育运动项目而编辑的备忘录
1、答案A。
【解析】细节理解题。根据Sports 1中第二句话“Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible”可知，选择篮球的学生最好早报名。因此可知A项符合文章。
2、答案 B。
【解析】推理判断题。由文中“requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play”可以推断出“每一个学生可以参加这四个运动中的任何一项。故选B。
3、答案D。
【解析】推理判断题。由Sports 1中第二句话“There will be four basketball …… with one teacher watching over each game”， Sports 2中“And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities”，Sports 3中“Three teachers will accompany the students”及Sports 4中“Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the going-on from the poolside”可以推断出：每项运动，都有教师陪同。故选D项
4、答案C。
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章中“Here is a memo（备忘录）for your reference when you answer the phones”可以推断出：这个备忘录的目的是帮助员工将这个活动项目解释给家长。因此选项C符合题意。