湖南长沙市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（40）及答案
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes: “I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“”.
A. affectB. changeC. disturbD. reject
3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses.
A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions
D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will.
A. have a strong desire to reduce costs
B. use the same logo in their marketing
C. gain advantages by taking early action
D. attract more shoppers by storing goods
【参考答案】1-4 DAAC
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions (使命) often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS) . ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off tomimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.
While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some“web surfing (冲浪) ” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.
Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth’s vast land mass and oceans.
1. What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Find.B. Copy. C. Change. D. Lose.
2. Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS?
A. They are caring and thoughtful.
B. They are worried and upset.
C. They are impatient and annoyed.
D. They are excited and curious.
3. In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts .
A. get more pleasure in space than on the Earth
B. find living in space a bit boring and tiring
C. regard space life as common
D. love to see the Earth from space
4. The passage mainly discusses how astronauts .
A. work for longer missions in space
B. connect with people on the Earth
C. observe the Earth from space
D. spend their free time in space
【参考答案】1—4、BADD
2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Parents should ban electronic media during mealtimes and after bedtime as part of a comprehensive “family media use plan”, according to new recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics. “Excessive media use is associated with obesity, poor school performance, aggression and lack of sleep”, said Marjorie Hogan, co-author of the new policy.
Families should have a no-device rule during meals and after bedtime, the guidelines say. Parents should also set family rules covering the use of the Internet, cellphones, including, perhaps, which sites can be visited, and who can be called. The policy also restated the existing recommendations: Kids should limit the amount of screen time for entertainment to less than two hours per day; children younger than 2 shouldn’t have any TV or Internet exposure. Also, televisions and Internet-accessible devices should be kept out of kids’ bedrooms.
Doctors say parents need to obey the family rules, too, to model healthy behavior. That, some say, may be the toughest part. “If you go to any restaurant, Family 3.0 is Mom and Dad on their devices and the kids on theirs”, says Donald, a pediatrician(小儿科医师) and an AAP spokesman. “Who is talking to each other?”
Children aged from 8 to 18 spent an average of 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming media for fun, including TV, music, video games and other content in 2009, according to a 2010 report from the Kaiser Family Foundation. The report was based on a survey of 2002 third through twelfth graders, 702 of whom completed a seven-day media use diary. That was up about an hour and 17 minutes a day from five years earlier. About two-thirds of 8 to 18-year-olds said they had no rules on the amount of time they spent watching TV, playing video games or using the computer, the Kaiser report found.
Use of mobile devices by young kids has soared. A new report from Common Sense Media, a child-advocacy group based in San Francisco, found that 17% of children 8 and younger use mobile devices daily, up from 8% in 2011.
1. Which statement is TRUE according to the first paragraph?
A. Parents are advised to ban electronic media after mealtimes.
B. A “Family media use plan” is being carried out throughout America.
C. Electronic media are evil in the eyes of parents and educators.
D. The overuse of electronic media has caused many severe problems.
2. Why should parents themselves obey the family rules?
A. It’s beneficial to their health.
B. It’s essential to parenting their kids.
C. It’s beneficial to their work.
D. It’s essential to develop good relationship with their kids.
3. What can be inferred according to the report from the Kaiser Family Foundation?
A. The majority of the surveyed kids can use electronic devices as they like in their homes.
B. The report was based on the statistics in 2002.
C. 702 of the surveyed kids completed a seven-day media use diary.
D. Kids are spending less and less time using media for fun.
4. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Consuming media for fun is a nature of kids
B. No use, no worry
C. Measures should be taken to stop children’s overuse of electronic media
D. Electronic devices threaten the relationship of many families
参考答案1—4、DBAC
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
1. What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary. D. Having more material than is needed.
2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show .
A. the tendency of cutting household waste B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarketsD. the fact of packaging overuse
3. According to the text, recycling .
A. helps control the greenhouse effect B. means burning packaging for energy
C. is the solution to gas shortage D. leads to a waste of land
4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food.
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
B. Needless material is mostly recycled.
C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.
D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.
【参考答案】1-5 DDACA