活页综合提升练(一)
语法填空+阅读理解+完形填空
(限时40分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空(2015河南六市高三第一次联考)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever noticed the chairs you sit 1 in cafes or restaurants?Most people don’t pay attention to the cafe chairs they use.However,there is one very simple and elegantly-designed chair, 2 (know) as the “French series”.This chair can be seen more often than any other chair.
The original chair was the result of years of experiments.The inventor wanted to produce a chair that could be mass-produced and was inexpensive,but it was only after many trials that he finally succeeded in 3 (make) one.The chair he invented was probably the first one to be both attractive and inexpensive enough for anyone to buy.Millions of chairs of this type have been bought since the first one went on sale in 4 1930s.All sorts of people,some famous,some ordinary,have sat on the chair since the original was invented.
There are several 5 (reason) for the chair’s enduring popularity.It is great to sit on,and it 6 (look) good;the basic design is still fresh and contemporary.Also,this type of chair seems to improve as it gets older.The glue, 7 holds the chair together,loosens over time,making the chair even more comfortable 8 (sit) on.A further reason is that the chair is cleverly designed with only a few pieces of wood,so the chair parts can 9 (send) anywhere and put together 10 (easy).
It is no wonder this type of chair has remained so popular.Even today,furniture designers are still trying to create equally successful designs.
Ⅱ.阅读理解【科普知识类】
Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.
Yes,it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention.There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning,possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.Losing weight,therefore,may help improve these mental functions,according to a new research led by John Gunstad,assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷).So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function.For their study,they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants,some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not.All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study,and again 12 weeks later.To begin with,about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested.At the end of the study,those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions.Scores for the volunteers who didn抰 lose weight dropped even further.d
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function.Now that he抯 seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention,he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditiocnal way梕ating healthier and getting more active.He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain.揑f we can improve the condition with operations,then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weigocht loss as well,?he saysa.
1.There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers .
A.believe overweight only affects our body
B.have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind
C.do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability
D.are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions
2.The result of Gunstad’s study shows that .
A.losing weight has little effect on people’s memory
B.losing weight can improve people’s mental functions
C.overweight people are likely to have psychology problems
D.overweight people抯 abilities of concentration differ greatlyi
3. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?
A.Slim people are smarter than overweight people.
B.Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.
C.Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.
D.Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Body Weight and Health B.Losing Weight by Operation
C.Ways to Improve Mental Functions D.Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind
Ⅲ.完形填空(2015兰州高三诊断考试)
We often see hitchhikers (搭便车的人),standing by the side of the road,thumb sticking out,waiting for a lift.But it is getting 1 nowadays.What killed hitchhiking? 2 is often mentioned as a reason.Movies about murderous hitchhikers and real-life crime 3 many drivers off picking up hitchhikers. 4 no single women picked me up on my journey to Manchester 5 reflects the safety fear: 6 ,strangely dressed man is seen as dangerous.
But the reason may be 7 complex:hitchhiking happens where people don’t have cars and transport services are 8 .Plenty of people 9 hitchhike in Poland and Romania.Perhaps the rising level of car ownership in the UK means the few people lift hitchhiking are usually considered strange.Why can’t they 10 cars?Why can’t they take the coach or the train?
Three-quarters of the UK population have 11 a car;many of the 12 will be quite old.The potential hitchhiking population is therefore small. 13 my trip proves it’s still possible to hitchhike.The people who picked me up were very interesting lawyer,retired surgeon,tank commander,carpenter,man who live in an isolated farmhouse and a couple 14 in the mountains.My conclusion is that only really interesting people are mad enough to pick up fat blokes (家伙) in red,spotted scarves.Most just wanted to do someone a good turn;a few said they were so surprised to see a hitchhiker that they couldn’t help 15 .
The future of hitchhiking most 16 lies with car-sharing organized over the Internet,via sites such as hitchhikers.org.But for now,you can still stick your thumb out (actually,I didn’t do much of that, 17 just to hold up my destination sign) and people—wonderful,caring,sharing,unafraid people—will stop.
In the UK,with its cheap 18 and reasonable rail service,I don’t think I’ll make a habit of it.But having enjoyed it so much,I’m ready now to do a big trip 19 Europe and beyond.In the 1970s a female friend of my wife’s hitchhiked to India.How wonderful it would be to have another go, 20 Afghanistan might be a challenge.I wish I’d got that tank commander’s mobile number.
1.A.valuable B.hardly C.rare D.little
2.A.Fear B.Safety C.Allowance D.Expense
3.A.has put B.had been put C.has been put D.have put
4.A.What B.Which C.Whether D.That
5.A.no more B.no need C.no reason D.no doubt
6.A.a short B.a clumsy C.a small D.a large
7.A.most B.more C.very D.much
8.A.poor B.heavy C.busy D.convenient
9.A.seldom B.always C.still D.never
10.A.afford B.offer C.affect D.offend
11.A.effect to B.effect on C.access in D.access to
12.A.remain B.rest C.pedestrians D.citizens
13.A.While B.When C.Yet D.Though
14.A.living up B.lived down C.was living up D.was living down
15.A.stopping B.but stop C.stop D.stopped
16.A.likely B.certainly C.positively D.actively
17.A.pretending B.preparing C.preferring D.defending
18.A.vehicles B.coaches C.cars D.helicopters
19.A.across B.through C.for D.over
20.A.as B.though C.because D.when
活页综合提升练及模拟卷答案
活页综合提升练(一)
Ⅰ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文讲述了一种设计简单却不失优雅的椅子。
1.on/in 考查介词的用法。“坐在椅子上”通常用sit on/in a chair,介词in表示坐在有扶手的椅子上。
2.known 考查非谓语动词的用法。(be)known as作为……而出名,为固定短语,此处known as the “French series”在句中作定语。
3.making 考查非谓语动词的用法。由前面的介词in可知,此处应用making one作宾语。
4.the 考查冠词的用法。in the 1930s意为“在二十世纪三十年代”。世纪和年代前面必须用定冠词the。
5.reasons 考查名词复数的用法。reason为可数名词,由前面的several可知此处应用复数名词reasons。
6.looks 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由该句话前半部分的It is great和空格前的主语it可知,此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。
7.which 考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the glue,关系代词which在从句中作主语。
8.to sit 考查非谓语动词的用法。“make+宾语+adj.+to do不定式”为固定用法。
9.be sent 考查动词的语态。由主语the chair parts与send之间的被动关系可知,此处应用被动语态be sent。
10.easily 考查副词的用法。此处修饰谓语动词,应用副词形式。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
语篇解读:研究表明,减肥可以提高记忆力,改善注意力。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning,possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.”可知,答案为C项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Losing weight,therefore,may help improve these mental functions,according to a new research led by John Gunstad”可知答案为B项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句并结合下文中他所说的话可知,A、B、C三项与文意不符,只有D项是Gunstad接下来要证明的。
4.D 主旨大意题。第一段“Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.”是本文的主旨句,再结合全文内容可知,答案为D。
【疑难词汇解读】
1.assess sth. (as sth.)vt.估计, 评定
It’s difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
这些变化带来的效果难以评估。
I’d assess your chances as low.
我估计你的机会不大。
2.to begin with
①首先;第一
I’m not going.To begin with, I don’t have a ticket,and secondly I don’t like the play.我不去。一来我没票,二来我不喜欢这出戏。
②起初
To begin with he had no money,but later he became quite rich.他起初没钱,可是后来相当富有了。
【长难句子分析】
Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention,he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active.
本句是一个主从复合句。Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention为原因状语从句,逗号后面为主句。连词now that引导的原因状语从句包含一个关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰名词effect,关系代词that在定语从句中作动词have的宾语;主句谓语动词says后是一个省略了that的宾语从句;宾语从句又包含一个关系代词who引导的定语从句,修饰代词those,关系代词who在定语从句中作主语;在who引导的定语从句中,eating healthier and getting more active是同位语,对the traditional way进一步解释说明。
由于他已经看到了减肥对记忆力和注意力的积极作用,他说接下来他将研究那些选择通过传统方式(健康饮食和多做运动)减肥的人。
Ⅲ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文阐述了在路边搭便车的人越来越少这一现象,并分析了导致这一现象的不同原因。
1.C 由下文的What killed hitchhiking以及后面的描述可知,在路边搭便车的人现在很少(rare)见。
2.B 由下文内容可知,安全(safety)是常提到的一个原因。
3.D 由主语movies...and real-life crime可排除A、C两项,且movies与put off之间为主动关系,故选D项。
4.D 此处that引导主语从句,且不充当任何句子成分。
5.D 在我去Manchester的旅途中,没有一个女司机让我搭便车,这件事毫无疑问(no doubt)地反映出了人们对安全的恐惧。
6.D 由语境可知,一个大块头且穿着奇怪的男性被视为具有危险性的,故用a large。
7.B 由上下文内容可知,造成这一现象的原因可能比较复杂,故用比较级形式。
8.A 在人们没有车或公共交通服务不好的(poor)地方才会有人搭便车。
9.C 在Poland和Romania,仍然(still)有很多人搭便车。
10.A 汽车司机对于那些搭便车的人会有这样的疑问:他们为什么买不起车呢?故用afford。
11.D 英国四分之三的人口用车很方便。have access to为固定短语,意为“有权使用”。
12.B 由语境可知,余下的英国人中有很多年龄较大(而很少出行的),故用rest。
13.C 由语境可知,前后为转折关系,故用副词yet。
14.A 由句子结构可知,空格处要填的内容在句中作定语,修饰a couple,故排除C、D两项;再由in the mountains可知,此处指生活在高处山里的一对夫妇,故选A项。
15.A 有人说他们看到要求搭便车的人会很吃惊,就会情不自禁地停下来。couldn’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,为固定用法,符合语境。couldn’t help but do sth.不得不做某事;couldn’t help do sth.不能帮助做某事,均不符合语境。
16.A 由语境可知,未来的搭便车最有可能(likely)得靠网上有组织的拼车来进行。
17.C 由语境可知,我不常作搭车手势,我更喜欢(preferring)举着我前往目的地的牌子站在路边搭便车。
18.B 在英国,有便宜的公共汽车(coaches)和价格合理的火车服务,我不会养成搭便车的习惯的。
19.A 由语境可知,我准备作一次游遍欧洲以及欧洲之外的旅行。across Europe意为“整个欧洲”。
20.B 尽管(though)阿富汗可能是一个挑战,但尝试一下会是多美好的一件事呀。