2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（87）
2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Holidays are really important.
Many of us have childhood memories of summer holidays when we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways. Hut holidays are expensive and, for those families on low salaries or living on
Benefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the
cheapest holidays require travel other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet. For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed (承诺) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safe guiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed. In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real
"down time" for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning. We
acknowledge
that
this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must
be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.
1、 What does the text mainly talk about?
A、 The importance of the holiday.
B、 The holiday reduction plan.
C、 The balance of holidays and school days.
D、 The necessity of cutting down the long holiday.
2、 The underlined word“they” in the
second paragraph refers to
A. holidays
B、families
C、salaries
D、 benefits
3、The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students
A、obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs
B、 get a chance to spend 8 weeks a term with teachers in school
C、 benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment
D、 have more than 5 weeks of school days to receive free school meals
4、It can be inferred from the text that
A、 working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children
B、 some school staff may say " No" to the plans for a shorter summer holiday
C、 the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”
D、 the suggested plans for a five term school year can hardly be carried out—4、DAC B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important. Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance, attitude (态度) and manners.
A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. A smile shows a confident (自信的) and positive attitude.
When you introduce yourself, make eyes contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a handshake. Others don’t.
Try to be as natural as possible. But pay attention to your body language. The way you sit, walk, gesture, use your voice and show feeling on your face are all parts of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positive about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job?
Speak clearly and loudly enough. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. When you speak, look at the interviewer. Also don’t say negative things about yourself, or former employers.
Listen to questions carefully. If you don’t understand a question, ask the interviewer to repeat or explain.
"I’m sorry, but I didn’t catch that."
"I’m not sure exactly what you mean."
Almost everyone is nervous in a job interview. Interviewers know that. They don’t expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. But they expect you to try to control your nervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the job.
At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for her or him. It’s a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview, or deliver it by hand.
Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have make a decision about the job.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. you should always put on a smile when meeting the employer
B. you should stand still with respect before the employer
C. the first impression is very important in an interview
D. employers understand and like employees’ nervousness
2. Why should we pay attention to our body language?
A. Because it can help us win the employer’s positive impression.
B. Because it can help us feel about the employer.
C. Because it is needed by our employer.
D. Because we need it to improve our feeling.
3. The main purpose of the passage is ________.
A. to give you some advice on the art of finding a job
B. to tell from wrong about job interviews
C. to explain why we should do something about an interview
D. to suggest not being shy in an interview
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Friendly SmileB. Making a Good Impression
C. Don’t Be NervousD. Sending a Thank-You Letter
1. C 推断题。据文章的第一、二句可知。
2. A 细节题。据第四段最后3句可知。
3. A 推断题。由第一段可知：本文意在教会读者如何参加面试。
4. B 主旨题。由第一段可知：本文强调面试时第一印象很重要。
阅读理解
In today's throwaway society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)．
Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling—its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.
The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2016 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.
After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.
Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.
That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2016，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.
回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。
．The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is ________.
A．recycling
B．restoring
C．burying
D．burning
答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。
．The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to ________.
A．reduce the cost of burying waste B．meet the EU requirements
C．speed up waste recyclingD．replace landfill sites
答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy...”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。
．The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because ________.
A．it came from a private company B．the council was not interested in it
C．it was not supported by EUD．the local people were against it
答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“...700 local objections reached them...”，可以断定市民是反对的。
．What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils?
A．To open a new landfill nearby.
B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.
C．To set up a plant for burning waste.
D．To persuade people to reduce their waste.
答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
(
) 1. The discovery shows that Westerners
.
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
(
) 2. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other.
B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures.
D. To observe the researchers' faces.
(
) 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study.
B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study.
D. The data collected from the study.
(
) 4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to
.
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
(
) 5. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。
1. 答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第三段 “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” 可以得出答案
2. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第五段 “…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选C
3. 答案：A
考点：词义猜测
解析：根据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可判断选A
4. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据第六段 “It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可判断选C
5. 答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结构及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为B。