2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（88）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（88）

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The deadliest Ebola outbreak in history that has so far killed almost 1000 people in Guinea. Liberia. Sierra Leone and Nigeria

　　in West Africa has caused fear around the world. The outbreak is unprecedented (

　　空前的) both in infection numbers and in geographic range.

　　Officials froth the World Health Organization (WHO) said earlier this month the outbreak “is moving faster than our efforts to control it”, reported CNN. So far, the battle against the virus doesn't appear to be slowing down. The Ebola virus is terrifying no matter where it strikes：It's a disease with no cure that causes headaches and fever, Scvcrcdiarrhea (腹泻). vomiting and bleeding and has been known to kill up to 90 percent of its victims. It is understandable for people to be panicked. but those living outside

　　Africa shouldn't be particularly concerned about contracting the virus, says a Washington Post article. This is because spread of Ehola requires direct contact with an infected person's blood. vomit or other bodily fluids during the period that he or she is contagious (接触传染的).

　　It is something that is extremely unlikely for anyone but healthcare workers. The virus is not spread by coughing or sneezing. Media in the US and the UK are using terrifying headlines, wrongly saying that people infected (感染) with the virus have traveled to their countries. James Ball at The Guardian says the Ebola outbreak in Africa is terriying. but it is important to keep a sense of proportion, Other infectious diseases, incｌuding common flu. are far. far deadlier.

　　1、What does the author say about the Ebola outbreak in Africa?

　　A、 It has caused thousands of African deaths.

　　B、 The fight against it is slowing down.

　　C 、Its spreading speed is beyond peopl's imagination.

　　D、 It has already traveled to the Us and the Uk.

　　、 The Ebola virus is terrifying because

　　A、 it is easily infected

　　B、 it cannot be cured at the moment

　　C、 it spreads faster than any other infectuous disease

　　D、 it has caused more deaths than other infectous diseases

　　3、The underlined phrase in the last paragraph means

　　。

　　A、 stay calm

　　B、 keep a secret

　　C、 keep silent

　　D、

　　stay away from it

　　、What is the author's attitude towards people's panic?

　　A、 Objective.

　　B、 Supportive.

　　C、 Understandable. D、 Doubiful.

　　—4、CBAC

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. Someone --- specifically the father-daughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson --- has figured out that on some American job sites, five generations are working side by side.

　　In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.

　　The Johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. Dad Larry is a former health-care executive; daughter Meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager.

　　Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:

　　They call the oldest group Traditionals, born before 1945. They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Two. They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and communicate easily and confidently. But they’re also stubbornly independent. They want their opinions heard.

　　At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters, born after 1995 into today’s more complicated, multi-media world. They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.

　　You won’t find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.

　　The Johnsons, Larry and Meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. The Johnsons’ point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.

　　The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.

　　Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “Generations, Inc.: From Boomers to Linksters --- Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work,” published by Amacom Press, which is available in all good bookstore from this Friday.

　　1. The type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs ________.

　　A. between managers and workers

　　B. among family members

　　C. among employees

　　D. between older and newer companies

　　2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?

　　A. They’ve learned much from war and economic disaster.

　　B. They’re difficult to work with as they are stubborn.

　　C. They respect their boss and hope to be respected.

　　D. They’re independent workers with great confidence.

　　3. According to the passage, the Linksters are usually ________.

　　A. found working in the offices of large companies

　　B. influenced by media and technology

　　C. enthusiastic multi-media activists

　　D. ice-cream sellers

　　4. According to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because ________.

　　A. people want to increase their average lifespan

　　B. many young people are entering the workforce

　　C. employees with different values can benefit their companies

　　D. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons

　　5. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

　　A. To promote a new book by Larry and Meagan Johnson.

　　B. To describe the five different workplace generations.

　　C. To introduce the Johnsons’ research about diverse workforces.

　　D. To identify a major problem in modern workforces.

　　【参考答案】1—5、C

　　B

　　B

　　D

　　A

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.

　　Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.

　　This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.

　　Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”

　　Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.

　　The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.

　　(

　　) 1. What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.

　　B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.

　　C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.

　　D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.

　　(

　　) 2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“

　　”.

　　A. affect

　　B. change

　　C. disturb

　　D. reject

　　(

　　) 3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses

　　.

　　A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions

　　B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers

　　C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions

　　D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere

　　(

　　) 4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will

　　.

　　A. have a strong desire to reduce costs

　　B. use the same logo in their marketing

　　C. gain advantages by taking early action

　　D. attract more shoppers by storing goods

　　【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开始考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动采取措施，减少排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信赖，进而获得更好的收益

　　1、答案 D。

　　【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns”及最后一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。

　　2、答案 A。

　　【解析】词义猜测题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思

　　3、答案 A。

　　解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。

　　4、答案 C。

　　【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers”可知，早采取行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。

　　【阅读理解】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “eco­guilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.

　　Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book ，The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it

　　measures the “real state of the world”as fine. Of course ，another explanation is the deep

　　pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industry­funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues

　　like global warming.

　　So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”

　　Such one­sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's “preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)”．

　　A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half­blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.

　　本文讲述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们一定要严肃对待。

　　1. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”？

　　A. People who agree on the popularity of “eco­guilt”．

　　B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.

　　C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.

　　D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.

　　答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影响。短文第二段第二句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知B项正确。

　　2. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg's book?

　　A．Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.

　　B．The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.

　　C．The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.

　　D．Industry­funded media present confusing information.

　　答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知Lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相似的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会注重环保。

　　. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to ______.

　　A. voice a different opinion B. find fault with Lomborg's book

　　C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views

　　答案：A。推理判断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对Lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“Nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知A项正确。

　　. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

　　A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.

　　B. To warn the public of the danger of half­blindness with reviews.

　　C. To blame the media's lack of responsibility in presenting information.

　　D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.

　　答案：D。作者意图题。由短文最后一段第二句话可知，媒体应当提供全方位的信息，让人们在了解情况的前提下做出决定。由此可知D项正确。