2016高考英语二轮阅读理解八十集之连载训练（4）
科普知识类
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the long discussion of water on the Moon, a new study contradicts (与……相矛盾) some recent reports that say the Moon had water at the time of its formation. A group of researchers reports in the journal Science that when the Moon was created, some 4. 5 billion years ago, there was not much hydrogen (氢气) on it, and therefore no water.
The researchers surveyed and evaluated this by analyzing chlorine isotopes found in lunar rock samples from Apollo missions. The range of chlorine (氯) isotopes in lunar samples was 25 times that found in samples from Earth.
“If the Moon had significant levels of hydrogen, as Earth did, this range would have been far less,” said Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the study’s lead author.
“The chlorine would have stuck together with hydrogen, forming compounds like hydrogen chloride, and escaped from the Moon’s surface,”he said. The abundance of chlorine indicates a lack of hydrogen and water.
“The amount of water on the Moon was way too low for life to have ever have possibly have existed there,” he said.
Most scientists believe the Moon was formed when a large object struck Earth, breaking off a chunk (a vast piece) that has since orbited Earth.
On Earth, goes one theory, water was released as steam from molten basalts (玄武岩) over time, eventually forming bodies of water.
“An understanding of whether the Moon was dry or wet will help us understand how water appeared on Earth,” Dr. Sharp said.
1. A new study indicates that on the moon.
A. there is plenty of water
B. water is unlikely to exist
C. water existed in the past
D. there is a little water now
2. The author would like to tell us through the sixth paragraph.
A. why there is no water on the Moon
B. how the Moon was formed
C. when the Earth struck the Moon
D. where the Moon orbited
3. What does the underlined word “this” stand for in the second paragraph?
A. Neither hydrogen nor water on the Moon.
B. Too much chlorine isotopes on the Moon.
C. Not being much hydrogen, no water on the Moon.
D. More chlorine exists on the Moon than Earth.
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist of New Mexico was in charge of the new study.
B. Chlorine isotopes are 25 times in lunar larger than Earth.
C. The more abundant chloride, the shorter hydrogen and water.
D. The new study is beneficial to understand how water appeared on Earth.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. There are enough water on the Earth.
B. Hydrogen chloride easily escaped from the Moon’s surface.
C. The Earth had significant levels of hydrogen.
D. Water on the Earth is directly from molten basalts.
【参考答案】1—4、BBCBC
阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
“I didn't hear them call my name，” explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. “Are you ready？”is what she heard.Then she said，“I shook my head no，and then they said ‘yes’and it was announced again.”
It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeenyearold high school student from Destrehan, Louisianashe was still on_cloud_nine.
“I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen. ”Present in the audience (观众) that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.
Understanding why members of her family and her friends would be there，AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete (比赛). “She's always been my role model. I've danced with her since I was six. She's been through so many difficulties and came through them all. I've learned to get over bad life's experiences and learned how to move on because of her.”
One of those bad life's experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18. She found writing helped her get through the rough days. She said, “I write a lot about my brother. I write a lot, a lot，a lot...”
As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving，in addition to many other things to help the youth.
When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers, she said, “Don't let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way，it is easy to be yourself.”
人生要经历许多苦难，但不管怎样都要勇敢面对，不能让任何人改变你自己。
1. What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Frightened
B. Troubled
C. Very happy
D. Very angry
答案：C。词义猜测题。由第一段中“...as she talked about that exciting moment...”可知C项正确。
2．Shelley takes her dance teacher as a role model mainly because she is ________.
A. determined
B. friendly
C. strict
D. experienced
答案：A。细节理解题。由第四段“She's been through so many difficulties and came through them all”．可知答案为A项。
．How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
答案：C。细节理解题。第三段中提到“older brother”，第五段中提到“her brother Brad”以及Shelley Hennig，由此可知the Hennigs共有三个孩子。
．What did Shelley often do after she became Miss Louisiana Teen?
A. She visited drunken drivers.B. She gave dance performances.
C. She made speeches on safe driving. D. She helped other teens with their studies.
答案：C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“...she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving.”可知正确答案为C。
．What suggestion does Shelley give to the teens?
A. Be yourself with the support of friends.
B. Meet friends whenever possible.
C. Go easy on yourself and others.
D. Have a good role model.
答案：A。细节理解题。由最后一段Shelley所说的话可知她对青少年的建议是A项。
阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Many cities have subways and underground public transportation to take locals and tourists alike rapidly around the city．However, there’s something different about riding a London subway．It may not look different, but the historical value of one of England’s most popular forms of transportation is enough to make riding the subway a must when visiting London．With a little under 100 different stations, the subway can take you almost anywhere you need to go．
Riding a London subway, a person from other countries will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other．In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times．That’s not rudeness ― people are just too busy to bother looking．
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinking．Nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）．Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000―yes, that’s 40,000 “apps” have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillers．One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks．Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination．iSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone．You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction（消遣）of choice．It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music－iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to work．With all these distractions, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train．
1．Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download ______ to their iPhones．
A．iShoot
B．Tube Exits
C．iSteam
D．iPod
2．People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because ______．
A．they are going to work and have no time to communicate with each other
B．they love reading books and do not want to be disturbed
C．they feel sleepy because of getting up early
D．they are busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films
3．The underlined word “apps” in the fourth paragraph means ______．
A．computers
B．programs downloaded for the iPhone
C．computer companies
D．fortune from London commuters
4.．The main idea of the passage is that ______．
A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers
B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 apps
C．technology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling time
D．riding a London subway is a must when visiting London1.B细节理解题。根据Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination．故选B。
2.D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知人们在地铁里没空看别人，是因为大家都忙于玩游戏读电子书听音乐或看电影，故选D。
3..B词义猜测题。根据have been designed可知它是电脑里已经设计好的程序，故选B。
4..C主旨大意题。整篇短文叙述了伦敦的人们是怎样打发他们在做地铁的时间的，故选C。
科普知识类阅读理解。
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For many of us, aspirin, one of the most common nonprescription drugs, is a constant companion. It is the most effective drug that we have, and if we eliminated all but three drugs, aspirin would definitely be one of the three drugs we should keep. Even with all the new drugs available, it still has a place in many of our medicine cabinets, as a “miracle drug” in its ability to fight pain and inflammation (炎症) and even more amazing in its ability to reduce heart attack and stroke risk.
Aspirin is the first member of a class of substances called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs非甾体抗炎药). These drugs reduce pain, fever and inflammation, and are used to treat a variety of conditions. Many believe that aspirin has many benefits not yet fully understood. Media reports on the use of aspirin to prevent or treat diseases such as heart attacks and cancer leave many people struggling to keep all the facts straight. Others who cannot tolerate aspirin might feel a bit left out as new uses and benefits of aspirin continue to appear in the news.
In all cases, more researches are needed to determine what benefits aspirin may provide and whether these benefits would outweigh the potential side effects. Aspirin, for example, is known to cause gastrointestinal (胃肠的) bleeding with heavy use, and there is research that indicates an increased risk of bleeding-related stroke in people who use it regularly. In some cases, these reactions can be killers. Another potentially deadly problem is aspirin poisoning and most people don’t know about it.
Before you start taking any of these over-the-counter (不需处方也可出售的) drugs on a long-term basis, it’s a good idea to discuss it with your health care provider.
1. From the second paragraph we know .
A. Humans have fully understood the benefits of aspirin.
B. Aspirin is the only member of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
C. Not every one of us can take aspirin.
D. Aspirin can be used to stop bleeding.
2. What’s the third paragraph mainly about?
A. Many researches about aspirin.
B. Aspirin’s side effects.
C. New uses of aspirin.
D. The unknown aspects about aspirin.
3. The underlined word in the first paragraph means .
A. kept B. saved
C. investigatedD. removed
4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Aspirin can cure us of most diseases.
B. Aspirin is important in reducing pain and heart attack.
C. The side effects of aspirin outweigh its benefits.
D. We can buy some aspirin and take it immediately if we don’t feel well.
【参考答案】1—4、CBDB