2016高考英语二轮阅读理解八十集之连载训练（23）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows upin a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one- on- one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later- borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love- hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being morefeminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.
1. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means" ______".
A. in a different family environment
B. in a different family tradition
C. in different family crises
D. in different families
2. In terms of language development, later- borns_______ .
A. get their parents’individual guidance
B. learn a lot from their elder siblings
C. experience a lot of difficulties
D. pick up words more quickly
3. What was found about fights among siblings?
A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.
B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.
C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.
D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.
4. The word“feminine” (in Para. 4) means "______".
A. having qualities of parents
B. having qualities of women
C. having defensive qualities
D. having extraordinary qualities
【参考答案】1—4、ABDB
【由北京市丰台区2016高考模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A Myth
It is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.
Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant
(变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will peak at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing.
For another, if the Earth is overpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire world’s food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is sufficient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?
Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a person’s status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the world’s resources are currently used by just 20% of the world’s population.
Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.
1. According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems?
A. The increase in population.
B. Shortage of food and water.
C. The fast growth of material needs.
D. Failure to protect the environment.
2. The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. fact
B. misconception
C. possibility
D. uncertainty
3. The author stresses that _____.
A. people should save food and water
B. economists are making wrong predictions
C. wrong judgment leads to serious consequences
D. measures should be taken to reduce population
4. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The real cause of global problems.
B. The severe effect of overpopulation.
C. Reasonable use of natural resources.
D. Methods to reduce overconsumption.
【参考答案】C B C .A
【由福建省三明市2016高考模拟题改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
I was never tired of heating their story．As a little girl，I’d sit beside my mom with their
wedding album spread across my lap，slowly turning the pages of 8 x l 0 glossy black and white
photographs．I’d trace my fingers along their faces，along that white wedding dress．
“Tell me again，”I said . “Tell me again about you and dad．”
And she’d smile and her eyes would crinkle(眯起来)and she’d get that loving look and then she’d
repeat once more Their Love Story．
I’d smile too and stare at that photo of my non looking SO beautiful and my dad so tall and
handsome．
“Your dad was tall and really good—looking as he stood by his classroom door greeting his
students．Besides coaching，he taught history and social studies．I often stole a few looks since my
classes were nearby．That year I had many conversations with ‘ Mr．Kehoe’，sometimes when he
had lunch duty，sometimes when I had cheerleading practice．He was appointed cheerleader sponsor
and I’d been a cheerleader for four years．
We were married that November during the Thanksgiving holiday．1 went from a graduate one
year to a teacher’s wife the next!
But part of the story that I loved most，that all my life I thought was magical and wonderful and
amazing and exciting and oh—so romantic．
So，what do you think ?Did God speak to me?"
I’d catch and hold my breath，then exclaim，“Oh，yes !God told you that you’d marry Dad!”
Now can you see why I loved heating Their Love Story ?And SO their wedding．Then their
marriage．Then their family．Three babies in three years，then a fourth. Then，what else would you
expect after heating the Voice of God—years and years and years of Happy Moments!
Now it’s come to this：60 years of marriage !
1．The underlined
word “trace ”in Paragraph 1 probably means “______”
A．cover
B．cross
C．raise
D．move
2．According to the passage，we know the girl’S dad was a
A．coach
B．student
C．cheerleader
D．photographer
3．We can learn from the passage that _______.
A．the couple has three children in all
B．the album was all the photos of the girl
C．the girl heard her parents’love story many times
D．the girl’s mother got married in December after graduating
4．The author enjoyed listening to her parents ’love story because of
A．their happy marriage
B．God’s blessing for them
C．a romantic beginning
D．a girl’s curiosity
【参考答案】1—4、DACA
【由山东省2016模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
The world is filled with smart，talented and gifted people．We meet them every day．A few days ago，my car was not running well．I pulled it into a garage，and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minutes．He knew what was wrong by simply listening to the engine．I was amazed．The sad truth is，great talent is not enough．
I am constantly shocked at how little talented people earn．I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100，000 a year．A business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle financially．It was this business consultant who gave me the phrase，“They are one skill away from great wealth．”
There is an old saying that goes，“Job means ‘just over broke（破产）’”．And unfortunately，I would say that the saying applies to millions of people．Because school does not think financial intelligence is intelligence，most workers“ live within their means”．They work and they pay the bills．Instead I recommend young people to seek work for what they will learn，more than what they will earn．
When I ask the classes I teach，“How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald’s?” almost all the students raise their hands．I then ask，“So if most of you can cook a better hamburger，how come McDonald’s makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonald’s is excellent at business systems．The reason why so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems．The world is filled with talented poor people ．They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger．
1．The author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph that
A．he is just one of the talented people
B．he is ready to help others
C．he has a sharp sense of hearing
D．he knows little about car repairing
2．The underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by
A．spend more than they can afford
B．do in their own way
C．live in their own circle
D．live within what they earn
3．Why do talented people earn so 1ittle according to the author?
A．They don’t work hard enough
B．They lack financial intelligence
C．They don’t make full use of their talents
D．They have no specialized skills．
4．The success of McDonald's lies in its
A．skills at making hamburgers
B．good business systems
C．talented workers
D．excellent service
5．The main purpose of the author is to tell us
A．how young people can find a satisfactory job
B．what schools should teach students
C．why so many talented people are poor
D．how McDonald’s makes much money
【参考答案】1—5、ADBBC