2016高考英语二轮阅读理解八十集之连载训练（54）
介绍说明类
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
While some dictionaries define the word “right” as “a privilege” when used in the context of “human rights”, we are talking about something more basic. Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he set all slaves free and let them return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. Cyrus’ statements are about the first “human rights” declaration in history.
Every person has certain basic rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called “human rights” rather than a privilege, which can be taken away at someone’s sudden desire. They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.
Yet many people, when asked to name their rights, will list only freedom of speech and belief and perhaps one or two others. There is no question that these are important rights, but the full scope of human rights is very broad. They mean choice and opportunity. They mean the freedom to get a job, adopt a career, select a partner of one’s choice and raise children. They include the right to travel widely and the right to work without trouble, abuse and threat of arbitrary (霸道) dismissal. They even embrace the right to leisure.
In ages past, there were no human rights. Then the idea turned up that people should have certain freedoms. And that idea, in the wake of World War II, resulted finally in the document called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the thirty rights to which all people are entitled.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. What Are Human Rights?
B. Why Do We Have Human Rights?
C. How Do Human Rights Come Into Being?
D. What To Do With Human Rights?
2. How did the first human rights come into being?
A. By Cyrus conquering the city of Babylon.
B. By Cyrus setting the slaves free.
C. By Cyrus making his statement about human rights.
D. By choosing ones own beliefs.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Human rights can be taken away for some reason.
B. Human rights have the same meaning as privileges.
C. Human rights can help you live a peaceful life.
D. Human rights can be used to hurt others.
4. The underlined word “embrace” in the third paragraph means .
A. to seekB. to includeC. to enjoyD. to share
5. From the last paragraph we can infer that .
A. people would have freedom rather than human rights
B. at the beginning of 20th the more complete rights appeared
C. thirty human rights have existed for about 70 years
D. World War II decided human rights
【参考答案】1—5、ACCBC
较难题目特训：介绍说明类
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Very often when I go to look at someone’s garden and they complain that for some reason it does not feel right to them. What I notice is that the design quite complicated. Or, sometimes there is no real design and the layout (布局) just looks messy. Creating a garden without some form of design is like trying to bake a cake without a recipe.
With a cake you can add together ingredients (原料) from the cupboard and fridge in the hope that the result will be a perfectly baked cake. Both creating a garden and baking a cake follow outlines for getting a result. Know just when to add something, when to take the mix off the heat or how much oil to use, etc.
An experienced garden designer can help you create a garden best suited to you and your lifestyle, rather than impose their own ideas on you. He will listen to and help draw out your ideas. By keeping the garden design simple you and your chosen designer will have created the structure of a garden, similar to the structure of a house together with some details.
A golden rule to remember is that garden design is not about choosing the right plants. Don’t get caught up in the idea that you have to choose the right plants for the job straight away. Plant choice comes almost at the last minute in many cases, after you and your designer have created style or feeling you are wanting to have in your garden.
Design is about creating a constructable (可构造的) image for the garden, including form and shape, sounds, smells, even tastes and often, believe it or not, plants are never used. By keeping the design simple, especially if you are learning about design or taking on the project by yourself, you are increasing your chances of a successful design, one that matches your standard for your life.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Designing a garden as simple as possible.
B. Comparing garden-designing with cake-making.
C. An experienced garden designer’s importance.
D. Choosing plants for the garden.
2. Why does the author use baking a cake in the passage?
A. To show the basic steps of baking a cake.
B. To imply how simple to design a garden.
C. To state baking a cake is very complex.
D. To introduce how to design a garden.
3. The underlined word “impose” in the third paragraph means .
A. force B. turn C. improve D. imagine
4. By keeping the garden design simple, .
A. you can get details from the garden designer
B. you will be successful one day
C. you can meet your standards in life
D. you can match the structure of a house with that of a garden
5. What is the most important for garden design?
A. Creating a constructable image for the garden.
B. Choosing the right plants for your garden first.
C. Inviting an experienced garden designer.
D. Not rushing to choose plants for your garden.
【参考答案】1—5、ABADD
较难题目特训：介绍说明类
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Garlic is one of the most common flavors in our kitchen. It not only tastes wonderful, but also it’s very good for your body. It is one of Mother Nature’s most precious gifts to cooks of all levels.
Choose garlic heads that are firm to the touch, with no scars or soft cloves (蒜瓣). If you notice dark, powdery patches under the skin, pass it up because this is an indication of a common mold which will eventually spoil the flesh.
Store unpeeled heads of garlic in an open container in a cool, dry place away from other foods. Do not refrigerate or freeze unpeeled garlic. Properly stored garlic can keep up to three months.
As garlic ages, it will begin to produce green sprouts in the center of each clove. These infant green sprouts can be bitter, so throw them before using the garlic for your recipe. However, if you plant the cloves and let them grow to a height of about six inches, you can use the sprouts like chives (韭黄) in salads and such.
Garlic can also be purchased as peeled whole cloves, both stored in olive or vegetable oil. It is urgent that garlic in oil be stored under refrigeration to avoid potentially-deadly bacteria growth. If you use a lot of garlic and wish to cut your preparation time down, you can pre-peel and store your own in oil in the refrigerator, but the best flavor will come from freshly-peeled cloves. Use garlic powder, garlic salt, and garlic juice only as a last resort.
To peel a garlic clove, place it on a cutting board on its side, and gently press down quickly with the flat side of a butcher knife. The skin should then easily peel off. If you find the skin clinging desperately to the clove, congratulations! You have fresh garlic. As garlic ages, the skin is gradually dried-up, making it easier to peel.
1. The passage is mainly about .
A. how to select, store and peel garlic
B. what garlic tastes and smells
C. where to keep the garlic
D. when to reap the garlic
2. A dark patch under the skin of garlic means .
A. the cloves of garlic are soft
B. the garlic has been kept for long
C. something wrong with the garlic
D. the garlic has been cooked
3. The underlined word “sprouts” means .
A. new parts growing on a plant
B. newly seeds growing on a plant
C. parts belonging to a branching shape
D. thin skin attached to garlic
4. If you want to store garlic, .
A. you can keep it in the refrigerator up to three months
B. you’d better keep the peeled in the refrigerator
C. you may keep frozen unpeeled garlic
D. you can put garlic in vegetable oil
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The sprouts of garlic tastes like chives.
B. Garlic juice is better than the freshly-peeled.
C. A cutting board is helpful for peeling garlic.
D. Olive oil is needed when cooking garlic.
【参考答案】1—5、ACABC