2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练七十集之连载（63）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练七十集之连载（63）

　　【阅读理解】科普知识类

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.

　　The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.

　　“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.

　　Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.

　　One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm,suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.

　　“I said:‘Wow, that’s a cave. ’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time;now we have found them.”

　　He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold,radiation-soaked(充满辐射的),dry surface.

　　“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.

　　The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lava flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled,forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining lava to flow out, forming caves.”

　　1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. How the caves were formed on Mars.

　　B. How scientists found these caves on Mars.

　　C. Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.

　　D. Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.

　　2. We can learn from the passage that　.　

　　A. water has already been found on Mars

　　B. the scientists found all the caves at night

　　C. it is certain that there is life in these caves

　　D. the surface of Mars is bitterly cold,radiation-soaked and dry

　　3. According to the passage,Dr. Clarke was so excited because　.　

　　A. such caves could provide energy for life

　　B. they had finally found the caves on Mars

　　C. such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life

　　D. scientists had long been looking for these caves

　　4. Necessary condition for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include　.　

　　A. lava and energy

　　B. water and radiation from space

　　C. gases and lava

　　D. water and protection from radiation

　　【参考答案】1--4、CDBD

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。We were moving to a new state after my husband had been out of work for many months and we had no money. In fact, we had to borrow money to reach our destination town. Anyway, it was my husband, two boys aged four and two, and myself, seven months pregnant (怀孕), in an old Volvo station wagon. We had been driving for two days in the middle of winter (that car’s heater didn’t work), and we had taken a route that was very desolate. There was nothing around for miles－no cars, buildings or signs of civilization. Suddenly, our car started losing power and the gauges(汽油表) went all out of order. We saw a light in the distance and managed to roll to a stop in front of this property that looked like a small simple house. Our cell phones had not gotten reception for many miles, and it was freezing outside, so I didn’t know if we were going to make it out of this situation alive. My husband got out of the car to see if there was something he could do to get us rolling again, but it was not looking good. A short while later, a man came out of the house and spoke with my husband a bit before inviting us all into his home. He and his wife took us in, fed us, and made us feel at home as we struggled to find some way to get to our destination, which was still a few hours’ drive away. We were able to call a friend and get a ride, leaving our broken car behind, but not before the couple gave us food and water for our journey. One week later, this dear sweet couple pulled our car all the way to our place and refused to take anything in return, except for us to pay it forward－and we have, and will continue to do it forever.

　　1. We can learn from the text that the family________.

　　A. had a hopeless future

　　B. was in financial difficulty

　　C. suffered from a company crash

　　D. wanted to turn to their relatives for help

　　2. The underlined word “ desolate” probably mean________.

　　A. deserted

　　B. advanced

　　C. smooth

　　D. muddy

　　3. Knowing that the wagon had broken down, the author________.

　　A. called her friend several miles away for help

　　B. stopped the car in front of a simple service station

　　C. was afraid that they couldn’t overcome the difficulty

　　D. encouraged her husband and children to be confident

　　4. We can learn from the text that the family___________.

　　A. got out of their financial difficulty

　　B. met with more troubles after that

　　C. came back to thank the couple who had helped them

　　D. followed the couple’s example in return for their help

　　参考答案1-4、BACD

　　【阅读理解】科普知识类

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains.

　　Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

　　Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball) .

　　Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

　　Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动) . Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物) for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you’ll understand why.

　　1. Mirror neurons can explain　.　

　　A. why we cry when we are hurt

　　B. why we cough when we suffer from a cold

　　C. why we smile when we see someone else smile

　　D. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

　　2. The underlined word“triggered”in the third paragraph probably means“　”.　

　　A. set off B. cut off　C. built up D. broken up

　　3. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons　.　

　　A. relate to human behavior and interaction

　　B. control human physical actions and feelings

　　C. result in bad behavior and social disorders

　　D. determine our knowledge and language abilities

　　4. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Ways to find mirror neurons.　 B. Problems of mirror neurons.

　　C. Existence of mirror neurons.　 D. Functions of mirror neurons.

　　【参考答案】1—4、CAAD

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。I used to think of myself as a fairly open person, but my bookshelves told a different story. Apart from a few Indian novels and the Australian and South African book, my literature collection consisted of British and American titles. Worse still, I hardly ever read anything in translation. My reading was limited to stories by English-speaking authors.

　　So, at the start of 2016, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country in a year to find out what I was missing. As I was unlikely to find publications from nearly 200 nations on the shelves of my local bookshop, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.

　　The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books from their home countries. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers sent me unpublished translations of their novels, giving me a rare opportunity to read works otherwise unavailable to the 62% of the British who only speak English. Even so, selecting books was no easy task. With translations making up only around 4.5 percent of literary works published in the UK and Ireland, getting English versions (版本)of stories was difficult.

　　But the effort was worth it. I found I was visiting the mental space of the storytellers. These stories not only opened my mind to the real life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel.

　　And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realised I was not alone, but part of a network that spread all over the planet.

　　1. Which of the following might be found on the blog A Year of Reading the World?

　　A. Lists of English version books.

　　B. Research on English literature.

　　C. Unfinished novels by British writers.

　　D. Comments on English literature.

　　2. Why was it hard for the author to select the right books to read?

　　A. The author had a busy schedule.

　　B. The author was only interested in a few topics.

　　C. The author could only read books written in English.

　　D. Most books recommended are not available in local bookshops.

　　3. The author is probably from_________.

　　A. America

　　B. the UK

　　C. Australia

　　D. Canada

　　4. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s experience?

　　A. fast and effortless

　　B. challenging but rewarding

　　C. hopeless but beneficial

　　D. meaningful but fruitless

　　参考答案1---4 ACBB