2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练七十集之连载（34）
【阅读理解】介绍说明类-
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform to social pressure when we are with a group of people. In one classic experiment, people were shown a vertical（垂直的） line and asked to find a line of identical length from a selection of three.
You might think that this is an absurdly easy task, and when people perform it by themselves they do it very well. However, psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group. In one study, a group of three people was set up, where two of the people were confederates（同伙） of the experimenter. When the confederates deliberately gave wrong answers, people were often swayed to give the wrong answer also. In fact, 75% of people gave at least one wrong answer, with some people conforming to peer pressure on every occasion.
But why do people conform in this way? In an easy task like this, it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group. On more difficult tasks, people also conform because they lose confidence in their own ability to make decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.
A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress. Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street? It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone. When other people are also around, a diffusion of responsibility occurs. People are paralysed into inaction, because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman's assistance.
1. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word “conform” probably means “ ”.
A. seek independence B. disobey orders
C. follow what others doD. seek pleasure
2. What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2?
A. To explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others.
B. To prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others.
C. To train the confederates of the experimenter as independent-minded.
D. To describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others.
3. In the last paragraph, according to the author, why wouldn’t one help the woman?
A. He thinks he has no responsibilities to give a hand.
B. He thinks he has nothing to do with it.
C. He is too shy to give his helping hand.
D. He thinks someone else will offer assistance.
4. What method does the author mainly use to develop the text?
A. Giving examples.B. Cause-effect analysis.
C. Comparative analysis.D. Process analysis.
【参考答案】1---4、CBDA
2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。When I was 12, I got a part-time job on a dairy farm, milking cows. We milked 65 cows twice a day. One day, I complained to my father about having to go milk those cows, saying it was tiring. He said, you know, boy, to work is a blessing. I looked at the men who'd worked harder. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sunk in.
Back then, going to college was a rare privilege. My father told me if I'd picked something to study that I liked doing, I'd always look forward to my work. But he also added, even having a job you hate is better than not having a job at all. I wanted to be a farmer, but I joined a military program to help pay for college. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years.
In the late 1980s, during a visit to Bangladesh, I saw a woman with her baby on her back, breaking bricks with a hammer. I asked a local officer why they weren't using a machine to make the work easier. He told me a machine would put that lady out of work. And as bad as that woman's job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. It reminded me of my father's words: to work is a blessing.
After seeing a lot of people like that woman in Bangladesh, I've come to believe that people without jobs are not free. They're victims of crime, poor health, and depression. People who have jobs can have a home, send their kids to school, develop a sense of pride, contribute to the good of the community and even help others. When we can work, we are free. We are blessed.
1. Which can be the best title of the text?
A. My chosen way of life
B. To work is a blessing
C. Why should I work
D. Inspiration from a woman
2. The writer joined a military program because _______.
A. his parents forced him to do so
B. he intended to find a lifetime job
C. he couldn't afford his college education
D. he could travel abroad with the army
3. What does the writer intend to say through the last paragraph?
A. People without jobs could achieve more.
B. Freedom is not always free for people.
C. Rich people should help those in need.
D. We should feel fortunate to have a job.
参考答案1—3、BCD
【阅读理解】介绍说明类
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A research by the National Center for Health Statistics is seen as an important confirmation of the “Hispanic mortality paradox(西班牙裔死亡率悖论).”
On average, Hispanics outlive whites by 2.5 years and blacks by 7.7 years. Their life expectancy at birth in 2006 was 80.6 years, compared with 78.1 for whites, 72.9 for blacks and 77.7 years for the total population.
The report shows that the Hispanic population has higher life expectancy at birth and at almost every age despite a socioeconomic status lower than that of whites. “Mortality is very correlated with income, education and health care access,” says Elizabeth Arias, author of the report. “You would expect the Hispanic population would have higher mortality, in line with the black population.”
The Hispanic paradox has been documented for more than two decades, but this is the first time the government has had enough data to issue national numbers. Researchers are struggling to explain why Hispanics live longer.
“We don’t know,” says David Hayes-Bautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA’s David Geffen School of Medicine. “We thought it was a problem in the data, but we can pretty much say this is real.”
Potential factors:
·Culture and lifestyle. Support from extended family and lower rates of smoking and drinking. Latino groups in particular have very strong family and social ties.
·Migration. The “healthy migrant effect” argues that healthy people are more likely to emigrate. And when immigrants become ill, they might return home and die there.
“Solving the puzzle may help the nation deal with health care issues because Hispanics use health services less—they make fewer doctors visits and spend less time in hospitals,” Hayes Bautista says. “It’s clearly something in the Latino culture,” he says.
1. In 2006, Hispanics’ life expectancy is years longer than the average of the total population.
A. 2. 5 B. 7. 7 C. 2. 9 D. 80. 6
2. What does the underlined word “outlive” in the second paragraph probably mean?
A. To live longer than. . .
B. To live shorter than. . .
C. To die out.
D. To expect to live.
3. What is the main idea of paragraph three?
A. Hispanics were born better than whites.
B. Morality is closely related with health care access.
C. Whites should have longer life expectancy.
D. Even experts can’t explain the phenomenon.
4. What is Mr. Hayes-Bautista’s opinion about the paradox?
A. He supports there is a problem with the data.
B. He intends to trust the cultural factor.
C. He believes in the “healthy migrant effect”.
D. He thinks health care the most important factor.
5. Which of the following inferences is true according to the passage?
A. Black people suffer the lowest social status in America.
B. Hispanics might have healthier ways of life.
C. Only healthy people can immigrate into America.
D. White people don’t have strong family ties.
【参考答案】1—5、CADBB
2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。When I met him，I had a lot of anger inside of me. I've lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem，but in my neighborhood，there are shoot¬ ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could have ended up that way，too，but Mr. Clark wouldn't let that happen.
Mr. Clark worked long hours，making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact，the scores of our whole class rose. One day，he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera ，and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before the show，he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let him down.
Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat；those students would to with him to Los Angeles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names，Mr. Clark said，“You're all going.”
On graduation day，there were a lot of tears. We didn't want his class to end. In 2001，he moved to Atlanta，but we always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education，and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules，The Essential 55.
In 2003，Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit the orphanages (孤儿院)．It was the most amazing experience of my life. It's now my dream to one day start a group of women's clubs，helping people from all backgrounds.
1．Without Mr. Clark，the writer ________.
A．might have been put into prisonB．might not have won the prize
C．might have joined a women's clubD．might not have moved to Atlanta
2．The Essential 55 is ________.
A．a show
B．a speech C．a classroom rule
D．a book
3．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It was in Harlem that we saw The Phantom of the Opera for the first time.
B．Mr. Clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full，and we did.
C．Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year in Los Angeles.
D．In 2003，Mr. Clark moved to Atlanta，and he always kept in touch with us.
4．In the passage，the writer intends to tell us that ________.
A．Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked traveling
B．Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women's clubs
C．a good teacher can help raise his or her students scores
D．a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students —4、ADBD