【北师大版】2016高考英语一轮复习讲练精品学案：选修6 Unit 18 Beauty

　　Module

　　6

　　Unit 18　Beauty

　　1．breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，呼吸困难的，(因兴奋、恐惧等)

　　呼吸急促的；屏息的

　　【精讲拓展】

　　(1)breath n．呼吸，气息[U]，(呼吸的)一次，一口气[C]

　　breathe vi.呼吸；呼气；吸气vt.呼吸；呼出；吸入

　　(2)否定后缀­less有两种意义：

　　a．表示“无”，“没有”(如：pitiless，valueless，homeless，

　　endless，hopeless)

　　b．表示“不能”(如：tireless，reckless，effortless， restless，

　　countless)

　　I was breathless after climbing the stairs.

　　爬完楼梯后我就上气不接下气了。[剑桥高阶]

　　The children were breathless as they watched the tightrope act.

　　孩子们在看走绳索表演时呼吸都屏住了。

　　Before the great building，we are breathless with amazement.

　　在这座宏伟的建筑面前，我们都惊奇得屏住呼吸。

　　【典型例句】

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　①When the name of the winner was to be announced，________ ________ ________ ________ (每个人都屏住呼吸)．

　　②After climbing the high mountain some of us were ________ ________ ________(上气不接下气)．

　　③Our work seems ________ (无止境的)．

　　答案：①everyone held their breath　②out of breath　

　　③endless

　　2.adore vt.崇拜，崇敬；敬重；爱慕，热爱，极喜欢

　　【精讲拓展】

　　adore sth./sb.

　　adore doing...

　　【典型例句】

　　People adore him for his noble character.

　　人们因他人格高贵而敬重他。

　　They adore God for all his works.

　　他们崇拜上帝所创造的一切。[剑桥高阶]

　　We adore our sisters and brothers.我们爱自己的兄弟姐妹。

　　She adores going to the theater.她就是爱看戏。

　　I adore chocolate.我非常喜欢巧克力。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　④You will ________ ________ ________.你将十分喜欢这部电影。

　　⑤She ________ ________ museums.她非常喜欢参观博物馆。

　　答案：④adore this film　⑤adores visiting

　　3．accompany vt.陪同，伴随；随着……发生，伴有，使附有；

　　为……伴奏；为……伴唱

　　【精讲拓展】

　　accompany sb.to (介词) 陪同某人到某地

　　company n．公司； 陪同，陪伴(一种状态)

　　keep sb.company 陪伴某人

　　companion n．伙伴，同伴

　　He wished her to accompany him.他希望她陪他。

　　Would you like me to accompany you to your room?

　　我把你送到你的房间去，好吗？[剑桥高阶]

　　Lightning usually accompanies thunder.

　　电闪通常伴着雷声。

　　He accompanied his speech with gestures.

　　他演讲时附带着手势。

　　Her mother accompanied her on the piano.

　　她的母亲为她作钢琴伴奏。

　　【典型例句】

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　⑥Would you like to ________ ________ ________(陪我去) the park?

　　⑦Would you like to ________ ________ ________(陪我一会儿)?

　　答案：⑥accompany me to　⑦keep me company

　　4．command n．命令[C]，控制，控制权；指挥，指挥权[U]掌握；

　　运用能力[U]vt.命令，指挥，统率；控制

　　【精讲拓展】

　　under/at one’s command在某人的指挥下/听某人的吩咐

　　command sb.to do...；command that sb.should do...

　　He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands.

　　他讨厌当兵，因为当兵必须服从命令。[剑桥高阶]

　　She has a good command of spoken English.

　　她的英语口语很熟练。

　　He commanded that the troops (should) cross the water.

　　他命令部队渡河。[剑桥高阶]

　　He was told to command his temper.有人叫他控制脾气。

　　【典型例句】

　　即学即用

　　It was commanded that the play ________ again.

　　A．should put on

　　B．would put on

　　C．be put on

　　D．put on

　　解析：含command的相关从句，从句要用should do。

　　答案：C

　　I commanded the person ________ to be put into prison.

　　A．refers

　　B．referring

　　C．referred

　　D．refer

　　解析：句意：我要求提到的那个人应送往监狱。referred to在句中作定语，修饰person。

　　答案：C

　　5.deliver vt.投递；传送；运送；发表；讲；宣布；给……接

　　生，生(婴儿)；解救；解脱

　　【典型例句】

　　The mailman delivered the letters promptly.

　　那个邮差准时地投递信件。

　　He delivered an important report at the meeting.

　　他在会上作了重要报告。

　　Education delivered him from ignorance.

　　教育把他从无知中解救出来。

　　She was delivered of her third child at home.

　　她在家里生下了她的第3个孩子。[剑桥高阶]

　　即学即用

　　单项填空

　　⑩ ________ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.(2009·北京卷，34)

　　A．Being bitten

　　B．Bitten

　　C．Having bitten

　　D．To be bitten

　　解析：句意：应为两次被咬，邮递员拒绝给我们投递信件，除非我们拴住我们的狗。过去分词作原因状语。主句主语the postman与bite为逻辑上的被动关系，排除C项；D项表将来；A项表进行；B项表示之前两次被咬，故选B。

　　答案：B

　　完成句子

　　⑪The speech _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________(奥巴马在会上发表的)inspired all the people present.

　　答案：delivered by Obama at the meeting

　　6．refresh vt.使清新，使清凉，消除……疲劳，使重新提起

　　精神，更新；使恢复

　　【典型例句】

　　I refreshed myself with an afternoon nap.

　　我下午小睡片刻后又精神起来。[美国传统]

　　I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the road.

　　我看看地图以唤起对这条路的回忆。

　　This dish tastes very refreshing.这道菜很爽口。

　　There is nothing as refreshing as lemon tea.

　　什么都不如柠檬茶那样提神。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　⑫________ ________ ________ ________ _______

　　(一杯冷饮让我恢复精神)after a long walk in the sun.

　　⑬He looked at his notebook before the exam in order to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(想起一些生单词的用法)

　　答案：⑫A cool drink refreshed me　⑬refresh his memory of the use of the new words

　　7．freezing adj.冻结的；冰冻的；极冷的

　　【精讲拓展】

　　freeze v．结冰

　　When the thermometer is at 0 degree centigrade，water will

　　freeze.

　　当温度降至摄氏零度时，水便会结冰。

　　It froze hard last night.昨夜有严重冰冻。

　　frozen adj.冰冻的

　　The seedling was frozen to death.幼苗被冻死了。

　　These frozen foods are the most convenient of all.

　　这些冷冻食品最为方便。

　　The lake was frozen over until late spring.

　　那湖全让冰封住了，到晚春才解冻。

　　It was freezing last night.昨天夜里非常冷。[美国传统]

　　It’s very cold today；the temperature has dropped to freezing point.今天很冷，温度降到了冰点。

　　In the summer，large crops of fruit may be preserved by freezing or bottling.

　　夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装瓶装罐加以保存。

　　Tonight the temperature will fall to 3 degrees below freezing point.今夜的温度将降至冰点下3度。

　　【典型例句】

　　即学即用

　　⑭Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat，the earth at night ________，too cold for us to live.

　　A．would be freezing cold

　　B．would be frozen cold

　　C．would be freezing coldly

　　D．can be freeze coldly

　　解析：本题考查虚拟语气，是含蓄条件句，主句和现在相反，又因冷极了是freezing，故选A。

　　答案：A

　　8.convey vt.运送，搬运，转运；传播，传达，传递，表达；

　　转让(财产等)

　　【精讲拓展】

　　convey sth.(to sb.)

　　【典型例句】

　　Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.

　　用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。

　　A wire conveys an electric current.电线传导电流。

　　I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.

　　我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。

　　The deed conveyed the land to a close relative.

　　这份契约将该土地的所有权转让给了一位近亲。[美国传统]

　　即学即用

　　⑮Words can’t ________ how happy I was.

　　A．convey

　　B．carry

　　C．take

　　D．remember

　　解析：句意：语言不能表达我的高兴之情。convey传达，传递，表达，符合题意。

　　答案：A

　　She struck the child in anger.她气得打了孩子。[美国传统]

　　The snake struck the man’s hand.蛇咬伤了那男人的手。

　　The clock struck twelve.钟敲响十二点。

　　The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.

　　那女孩划火柴点燃一根烟。

　　It struck her as a good idea.

　　她觉得那是个好主意。[美国传统]

　　It struck me that there was no one at home.

　　我突然想起家中没有人。

　　9．strike vt.打击，攻击；(用爪)抓伤；(用毒牙)咬伤；(疾病)侵

　　袭；(钟)敲响报(时)；打(火)；划(火柴)；盖(章)；打动，感

　　动，给……以印象；使突然想起n.罢工

　　【典型例句】

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　⑯He ________ the guard ________ with his fist.他挥拳打倒了那个卫兵。

　　⑰I ________ the church bell ________ in the distance.我听见了远处教堂的钟声。

　　⑱Horror suddenly ________ ________ in the dark.在黑暗中恐惧突然袭击了我。

　　答案：⑯struck；down　⑰heard；striking　⑱struck me

　　1．used to过去常常做…… usedn’t to/didn’t use to

　　【精讲拓展】

　　be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯做某事

　　be used to do 被用来做某事

　　注意：be used to/used to中的to是不定式符号，而be/get used to

　　(doing) sth.中的to是介词。

　　【典型例句】

　　He used to get up late，but now he is used to getting up early.

　　他过去经常起床很迟，但是现在已习惯早起了。

　　I used to be short when I was young.我年轻时个子很矮。

　　I used to go there often.我以前经常去那儿。[美国传统]

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　⑲You’ll ________ soon ________ ________ living at school.你很快会适应住校的。

　　答案：be；used to

　　单项填空

　　⑳—I thought you didn’t like coffee.

　　—Well，I ________ but now I ________.

　　A．didn’t；can

　　B．did；can

　　C．usedn’t to；do

　　D．usedn’t；do

　　解析：句意：——我原以为你不喜欢咖啡。——嗯,曾经不喜欢，但现在喜欢。根据题意，应选C。

　　答案：C

　　2.in preparation for...为……做准备

　　【精讲拓展】

　　be in preparation 在准备中

　　make preparations for...为……做准备

　　prepare ( for ) sth.做……准备；准备……

　　prepare sb. for...

　　be well prepared to do.../for sth.

　　They prepared themselves for the worst.他们作了最坏的打算。

　　When we arrived home，mother had already prepared dinner for us.

　　当我们到家时，母亲已为我们准备好了晚餐。

　　I was preparing for bed when I heard a knock at the door.

　　我正准备睡觉时听到有人敲门。

　　Corn is a very useful plant which can be prepared in many different ways.

　　玉米是一种非常有用的作物,可用许多不同的方法将其制作成食品。

　　They are busy preparing to go on vacation.

　　他们正忙着准备去度假。

　　I knew there were problems, but I was not prepared for this.

　　我知道有些问题，但却未防范这一点！

　　【典型例句】

　　The teacher didn’t seem to have done much preparation for the

　　class.看来这位教师这堂课准备得不是太充分。[剑桥高阶]

　　They’ve sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the

　　country.他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。

　　He backed up three paces in preparation for his leap.

　　他后退3步，准备起跳。

　　即学即用

　　The secretary worked late into night，________ a long speech for the president.

　　A．to prepare

　　B．Preparing

　　C．prepared

　　D．was preparing

　　解析：­ing形式作伴随状语。

　　答案：B

　　—What’s the terrible noise?

　　—My neighbours ________ for a party.

　　A．have prepared

　　B．are preparing

　　C．prepare

　　D．will prepare

　　解析：根据句意应用现在进行时，故选B。

　　答案：B

　　3．die out逐渐消失；灭绝

　　【精讲拓展】

　　die off相继死亡(种群突然急剧的衰减)

　　die down渐弱，消退(没劲了，平静了)

　　die from死于……，因……而死(外因)

　　die of死于……，因……而死(内因)

　　be dying for sth.[to do sth.] 迫切想要(做)某事

　　die away (声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱

　　【典型例句】

　　It’s a custom which is beginning to die out.

　　这是一种正在消失的习俗。[剑桥高阶]

　　Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.

　　数百万年前恐龙就已经灭绝了。[剑桥高阶]

　　This kind of bird is dying out.这种鸟快灭绝了。

　　即学即用

　　Although the wind has ________，the rain remains steady，so you still need a raincoat.

　　A．turned up

　　B．gone back

　　C．died down

　　D．blown out

　　解析：题意为“尽管风停了，雨仍然很大，因此你需要带雨衣”。die down渐弱，消退，符合题意。

　　答案：C

　　He didn’t die ________ accident.He died ________ old age.

　　A．of；of

　　B．of；from

　　C．from；of

　　D．from；from

　　解析：句意：他不是死于事故，他死于年老。根据题意，外因用from，内因用of，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　4．in vain徒劳

　　【典型例句】

　　Their efforts were not in vain.他们的努力没白费。

　　All the police’s efforts to find him were in vain.

　　警方竭力想要找到他，但所有努力终是徒劳。[剑桥高阶]

　　I sought to persuade him，but in vain.我试图说服他,但无效。

　　I tried in vain to start a conversation.

　　我极力想挑起话头，但没有成功。[剑桥高阶]

　　即学即用

　　His efforts to raise money for his program were ________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.(2009·湖北，30)

　　A．in place

　　B．in sight

　　C．in effect

　　D．in vain

　　解析：句意：他为他的项目筹集资金的努力白费了，因为没一个人愿意从腰包里掏一分钱。in place在适当的位置；in sight在视线之内；in effect实际上；in vain徒劳，符合题意。

　　答案：D

　　5．be keen on喜欢，喜爱；渴望

　　【典型例句】

　　I’m keen on traveling.我喜欢旅行。

　　My son’s mad keen on cycling.

　　我儿子对骑自行车很着迷。[剑桥高阶]

　　She is very keen on visiting China.She is very keen to visit

　　China.她渴望访问中国。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　I ________ ________ ________ see her.我非常渴望见到她。

　　She ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ come back from abroad.

　　她渴望儿子从国外回来。

　　答案：am keen to　is keen for her son to

　　dream n．梦，幻想，空想，理想，愿望，梦一般美妙的人，美妙之事

　　vt.做(梦)，(常用在否定句和疑问句)想到，料到

　　I had a bad dream last night.昨天夜里我做了一个噩梦。

　　Sophie lives in a dream.索菲生活在梦幻之中。

　　His dream of being a doctor has come true.

　　他当医生的愿望实现了。

　　The girl is a perfect dream.这个女孩子太美了。

　　His new sports car is a dream to drive.

　　他的新赛车开起来好极了。

　　I never dreamed that he would be so ungrateful.

　　我做梦也没有想到他会如此忘恩负义。

　　6．dream of/about梦见，梦想；渴望

　　【精讲拓展】

　　【典型例句】

　　I had a very odd dream about you last night.

　　昨晚我梦见了你，那个梦非常奇怪。[剑桥高阶]

　　Many boys dream of becoming pilots.许多男孩梦想成为飞行员。

　　Little did I dream of succeeding so well.

　　我做梦也想不到如此圆满的成功。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　I ________ ________ ________ meeting you here.

　　我绝对未想到在这里遇到你。

　　He ________ ________ ________ a movie star when he was young.

　　他年轻时向往着成为电影明星。

　　答案：never dreamed of　dreamed of becoming

　　7．pull in(火车等)到达，到站；吸入，拉进；[口]抓到警察局

　　【精讲拓展】

　　pull a face做鬼脸

　　pull ahead超前，冲到前面去

　　pull down摧毁,推翻；使降低；使身体变差；使下跌，使萎靡

　　pull off脱；努力实现，赢得

　　pull out出站；拔出，离开，使摆脱困境

　　pull through渡过难关，恢复健康

　　pull up 拔起；停下，阻止

　　pull back把……向后拉；反悔；(使)撤退；紧缩开支

　　【典型例句】

　　The special train pulls in at 9.专车九点到达。

　　They managed to pull in the tractor inside the shed.

　　他们设法把拖拉机拉进棚里。

　　The police pulled in scores of protesters during the demonstration.

　　示威游行期间警察逮捕了许多抗议者。[剑桥高阶]

　　即学即用

　　Practising Chinese kung fu cannot only________ one’s strength，but also develop one’s character.(2009·浙江，16)

　　A．bring up

　　B．take up

　　C．build up

　　D．pull up

　　解析：句意：练中国功夫不仅能增强人的力量，还能培养人的性格。build up one’s strength 为固定搭配。

　　答案：C

　　Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you ________ yesterday?

　　A．tried on

　　B．put on

　　C．had on

　　D．pulled on

　　解析：句意：你能告诉我你昨天穿的鞋在哪里买的么？根据句意应为穿的状态，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　other than 除了

　　You can go there other than by swimming.除了游泳以外你无法到那里。

　　There is nobody here other than me.除了我以外没有别人。

　　Does anybody other than yourself know this？

　　除你本人之外还有别人知道这事吗？

　　more than多于，在……次以上，不只……

　　Jason is more than a lecturer；he is a writer，too.

　　I have known David for more than 20 years.

　　In doing scientific experiments，one must be more than careful with the

　　instruments.

　　Hearing the loud noise，the boy was more surprised than frightened.

　　That’s more than I can do.

　　no more...than表示“不……；不如……”

　　A learner can no more obtain knowledge without reading than a farmer

　　can get good harvest without ploughing.

　　8．rather than而不是……

　　【精讲拓展】

　　【典型例句】

　　He is an explorer rather than a sailor.

　　他不是一个海员，而是一个探险者。

　　The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.

　　与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。

　　I think I’d like to stay at home this evening rather than go out.

　　我觉得我今晚更想呆在家里，而不是出去玩。

　　[剑桥高阶]

　　We should help him rather than he should help us.

　　是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。

　　Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad，he sold them at

　　half price.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。

　　即学即用

　　In that case，there is nothing you can do ________ than wait.

　　A．more

　　B．other

　　C．better

　　D．any

　　解析：句意：在那种情况下，你除了等待别无选择。根据题意，选C。other than“除了”符合题意。

　　答案：B

　　It was what he did ________ what he said that annoyed me.

　　A．more than

　　B．rather than

　　C．other than

　　D．better than

　　解析：句意：是他做的而不是他说的使我烦恼。rather than而不是，符合题意。

　　答案：B

　　He is ________ our teacher；he also is our friend.

　　A．other than

　　B．more than

　　C．rather than

　　D．better than

　　解析：句意：他不仅是我们的老师，而且是我们的朋友。more than＋名词，意为“不仅仅是”，符合题意。

　　答案：B

　　1．It is hard to imagine that they would be seen as attractive in the 21st century.很难想像在21世纪，他们会被认为是迷人的。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式to imagine...，it 作形式主语，还可代替动名词和名词性从句。

　　It is wrong to tell a lie.说谎是错误的。(It为to tell a lie的形式主语)

　　It is no use arguing about it.争吵是没用的。(It为arguing about it的形式主语)

　　It is uncertain who will come.谁要来还不确定。 (It为who will come的形式主语)

　　It 作形式主语的常见句型：

　　①It＋be＋形容词＋to do sth./doing/ that...

　　(形 容 词 常 为necessary/clear/natural/essential/urgent/important/

　　impossible/possible/probable/likely/well­known/strange，其中necessary,natural,important,strange等词后从句应用should do。)

　　It is very important to learn a foreign language.

　　I t is very important that we should learn a foreign language well.学一门外语非常重要。

　　It is useless crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。

　　It was really surprising that she married a man like that.

　　她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。

　　②It＋be＋名词词组＋doing/that...

　　(名词词组常为a fact/pity/shame/question/custom，our hope，no wonder，good/bad manners，common knowledge)

　　It is no good telling lies.撒谎没好处。

　　It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.

　　你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。

　　It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.

　　没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。

　　③It＋be＋过去分词＋that...

　　(该句型常用过去分词，动词有：said，hoped，thought，supposed，expected，reported，known，believed，decided，mentioned above，widely acknowledged)

　　It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.

　　据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。

　　It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.

　　大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。

　　It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.

　　据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。

　　④It＋seems/appears/happens等不及物动词或shock/surprise/amaze等及物动词＋宾语＋that...

　　It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.

　　似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。

　　It appears that Tom might change his mind.

　　看来汤姆可能会改变主意。

　　It surprised all of us that he failed the exam.

　　他没有通过考试使我们非常惊奇。

　　注意：若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。

　　Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow？

　　他们明天不来很重要吗？

　　Is it true that he will go abroad next week？

　　他下周出国是真的吗？

　　⑤It＋takes＋(sb.)＋some time＋to do sth.

　　这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式(to do sth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。

　　It took me some time to read the reading materials.

　　我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。

　　It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14个小时。

　　How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?

　　从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？

　　I am not sure，but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。

　　即学即用

　　It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.(2009·天津，7)

　　A．as

　　B．which

　　C．Whether

　　D．that

　　解析：本题考查主语从句，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。

　　答案：D

　　2．The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.

　　如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　本句用了虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反。主句用would/should/could do，从句用一般过去时，should do，were to do。

　　If Professor Li should have time tomorrow，we could ask him some questions.

　　如果李教授明天有时间的话，我们可以问他一些问题。

　　【归纳拓展】

　　(1)虚拟语气现在时。用以表示与现在事实相反的假设或现在实现可能性不大的情况。

　　条件从句：动词过去式(be多用were)

　　主句：would/should/could/might＋动词原形

　　If I were a bird，I would fly to you.

　　(2)虚拟语气过去时。表示与过去事实完全相反的假设。

　　条件从句：had＋过去分词

　　主句：would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词

　　If she hadn’t been ill，she might have come.

　　(3)虚拟语气将来时。用以表示与将来事实相反的假设条件从句：动词过去式，were to＋动词原形，should＋动词原形

　　主句：would/should/could/might＋动词原形

　　If it were to rain tomorrow，the match would be put off.如果明天下雨，比赛将推迟。

　　◆书面语中，上述三种时态的虚拟句中，如果从句里含有should，had，were，则可将从属连词if省去，将should，had，were放在句首形成部分倒装。

　　Were he in your position，he’d do the same.

　　Had I had time，I would have done that yesterday.

　　Should he come tomorrow，I should give him the dictionary.

　　即学即用

　　You didn’t let me drive.If we ________ in turn，you ________ so tired.

　　A．drove；didn’t get

　　B．drove；wouldn’t get

　　C．were driving；wouldn’t get

　　D．had driven；wouldn’t have got

　　解析：本题考查和过去相反的虚拟语气，从句用had done，主句用would have done，故选D。

　　答案：D

　　He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，otherwise he ________a goal.

　　A．had scored

　　B．Scored

　　C．would score

　　D．would have scored

　　解析：本题是一个由otherwise引导的含蓄条件句，主句和过去相反，故用would have scored。

　　答案：D

　　________ fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(湖北，31)

　　A．Would you be

　　B．Should you be

　　C．Could you be

　　D．Might you be

　　解析：本题是一个和将来相反的虚拟语气，又因为从句省略if,故引起部分倒装，所以选B。

　　答案：B

　　3．Eyes raised，I see the moon so bright.举头望明月。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　eyes raised为过去分词的独立主格结构。eyes raised 相当于一个状语从句： when I raised my eyes.

　　The test finished，we began our holiday ＝ When the test was finished，we began our holiday.

　　考试结束了，我们开始放假。

　　Weather permitting，we are going to visit you tomorrow.

　　＝If weather permits，we are going to visit you tomorrow。

　　如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

　　【归纳拓展】

　　(一)独立主格结构的构成：名词(代词)＋现在分词、过去分词；名

　　词(代词)＋形容词；名词(代词)＋副词；名词(代词)＋不定式；名

　　词(代词) ＋介词短语构成。

　　(二)独立主格结构的特点：(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的

　　主语不同，它独立存在。(2)名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，

　　副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系或动宾关系。(3)独立主格结构

　　一般有逗号与主句分开。

　　(三)独立主格结构的作用：作时间状语，条件状语，原因状语，伴随状语。

　　(四)与其他结构的比较。 with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 用法与独立主

　　格结构基本相同，可以理解为with ＋独立主格结构，也即是with

　　＋宾语＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

　　He stood there，his hand raised.＝He stood there，with his hand raised.

　　即学即用

　　I send you 100 dollars，the rest ________ in a year.

　　A．follow

　　B．followed

　　C．to follow

　　D．being followed

　　解析：本题考查独立主格结构，the rest 和follow是主谓关系，又因in a year表将来，所以选C。

　　答案：C

　　The murderer was brought in，with his hands ________ behind his back.

　　A．being tied

　　B．having tied

　　C．to be tied

　　D．tied

　　解析：本题考查with 复合结构，hands和tie之间是被动关系，故选D。

　　答案：D

　　________，everything has changed.

　　A．Time goes on

　　B．Time going on

　　C．As time going on

　　D．With time going on

　　答案：D

　　4．It is based on the fairy tale by Madame Le Prince de Beaumont.Jean Marais is the Beast and Josette Day is Beauty.它是改编于Madame Le Prince de Beaumont的神话故事。在影片中Jean Marais主演野兽，Josette Day主演美女。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　①base...on...把……建立在……基础上；……由……改编而成；

　　句型：A be based on B

　　I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.

　　我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。

　　This film is based on a novel by D．H.Lawrence.

　　这部影片是根据D.H.劳伦斯的小说改编的。

　　②base n．底部，基础，根据地，基地

　　Many languages have Latin as their base.许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。

　　His arguments had a sound economic base.

　　他的立论在经济方面是有充分根据的。

　　You’re a bit off base there.你在那个地方有点不对头。

　　即学即用

　　完成句子

　　This play ________ ________ ________ a true story.这出戏以真事为基础。

　　The machine rests on ________ ________ ________ ________ steel.

　　这机器由一个很大的钢制底座支撑。

　　答案：is based on　a wide base of

　　5．Peterson did not know what to do with either the hat or the goose so he brought both to me on Christmas morning.彼得森不知道该怎么处理这个帽子或鹅，所以他就在圣诞节的早上把它们都带给了我。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　(1)what to do with/ about ＝ how to deal with

　　What should I do with/ about that naughty boy?

　　How should I deal with that naughty boy？

　　我该拿那个调皮的男孩子怎么办呢？

　　(2)either...or...不是……就是……；要么……要么……

　　She is either drunk or mad.她不是醉了就是疯了。

　　Either you or I am going there tomorrow.

　　明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。

　　Do either you or he have lunch at school？

　　是你还是他在学校吃午饭？

　　即学即用

　　It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.

　　A．it what to do with

　　B．what to do it with

　　C．what to do with it

　　D．to do what with it

　　解析： 句意：据说，在澳大利亚，更多的土地是政府不知道如何开发利用的。know 缺少宾语，what to do with 是固定搭配。

　　答案：C

　　We should know that we can only reach the top if we are ready to ________ and learn from failure.

　　A．deal with

　　B．depend on

　　C．carry on

　　D．go with

　　解析：句意：如果我们能处理好并向失败学习，我们就能成功。根据句意，应选A。

　　答案：A

　　6．He used to be quite rich but something must have happened to him，probably problems with drink.他过去很富有，但是他一定发生了一些事，可能是关于酒方面的事吧。

　　【精讲拓展】

　　(1)辨析：used to do/be used to doing/be used to do

　　My father used to smoke，but now he is a non­smoker.

　　I am used to living here；I don’t want to move to another city.

　　The old car is used to be a taxi by my dad.

　　(2)must have done表示“一定发生了某事”，对过去发生过了的事情做出肯定推测。

　　The lights were on；they must have been at home.

　　灯还亮着，他们一定已经回家了。

　　The room is so clean and tidy.It must have been cleaned.

　　房间如此的干净整洁，它一定被打扫过。

　　must do 表示“一定……”，对现在的动作和状态做出肯定推测。

　　He must be the wanted man: he’s exactly like his picture.

　　他一定是受通缉的那个男子：他和照片上的人一模一样。

　　注意：must表示推测时通常只用在肯定句中。否定句中用can’t。

　　(3)happen to...无被动

　　①happen to sb./ sth.发生(某事件)；对……产生影响

　　A bad accident happened to that family.

　　那个家庭发生了不幸的事情。

　　Did you hear what happened to David last night？

　　你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗？

　　②happen to do sth.碰巧干某事

　　Oh，I happened to pass by.我那时刚巧路过。

　　③It happens that...某事碰巧发生

　　It happens that on that very day I will attend a very important sales

　　meeting.

　　恰巧就在这一天我会参加一个非常重要的销售会议。

　　即学即用

　　In my opinion，life in the twenty­first century is much easier than ________.

　　A．that used to be

　　B．it is used to

　　C．it was used to

　　D．it used to be

　　解析：句意：依我看来，21世纪的生活比过去容易的多。根据句意，应用used to do，又因同一个人或物，两个不同的时间进行对比时，应该用人称代词。例：Lily is much more beautiful than she was one year ago.Lily比一年前漂亮多了。

　　答案：D

　　________ proves that my advice is right.

　　A．It will happen that

　　B．That has happened

　　C．What has happened

　　D．When it happened

　　解析：本题考查主语从句，根据句意“所发生的事情证明我的建议是正确的”，应选C。

　　答案：C

　　—I haven’t heard from Henry for a long time.

　　—What do you suppose ________ to him?

　　A．was happening

　　B．to happen

　　C．has happened

　　D．had happened

　　解析：句意：——我已很长时间没有亨利的消息了。——你想他怎么了？根据句意，应选C。

　　答案：C

　　1．Before he went abroad，he spent as much time as he______

　　English.

　　A．could learning

　　B．Learned

　　C．to learn

　　D．could learn

　　解析：spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事。

　　答案：A

　　2．In the time of social reform，people’s state of mind tends to keep ________ with the rapid change of society.

　　A．contact

　　B．Progress

　　C．touch

　　D．pace

　　解析：考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义：A接触；B进步；C碰，触摸；D节奏。从动词与介词搭配看，这里用keep in contact with或keep pace with表示“与……步调一致”。

　　答案：D

　　3．—I found my mom not feeling well this morning. I’m afraid

　　she is ill.

　　—________.

　　A．Don’t worry too much

　　B．It’s nothing at all

　　C．I’m sorry to hear that

　　D．Take it easy

　　解析：考查交际用语。本题的交际语境是如何表示安慰。对

　　方说他母亲生病了，此时应该表示安慰，帮对方分担忧虑，

　　选C。A、D项“别着急”，B项“没事”。

　　答案：C

　　4．—Good morning，Doctor Brown’s office.

　　—Hello，this is Tom Smith. Could you please tell Doctor

　　Brown I________？ My car________start.

　　A．was delayed，doesn’t

　　B．will be delayed，won’t

　　C．am delayed，didn’t

　　D．would delay，mustn’t

　　解析：考查动词的时态和情态动词用法。从语境看，第一

　　空用一般将来时表示对将来情况的预测，第二空用won’t/

　　wouldn’t表示无可奈何的感觉，“偏不，就是不”。

　　答案：B

　　5．N