选修八 Module 2 The Renaissance
Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
take up， at liberty， be thirsty for， leave...behind， it is said that...， more than， appeal， loss， tax on， on behalf of1．After graduation, he ________ writing as his career.
2．In China, people enjoy freedom of speech. So you're ________ to say what you like.
3．He likes to have control over everyone, that is, he ________ power.
4．The police have ________ to the crowd not to panic.
5．Job ________ were common in the 1980s because of the crisis.
6．His behaviour is ________a matter of impoliteness. In fact, it is a form of crime.
7．The government decided to ________ vehicle.
8．She knew that she had ________ childhood ________.
9．________ my colleagues and myself I thank you.
10．________ he's been all around the world.
答案：1.took up 2.at liberty 3.is thirsty for 4.appealed 5.losses 6.more than 7.tax on 8.left; behind 9.On behalf of 10.It is said that
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．惩罚对他效果甚微。
_______________________________________________________
2．我们向他求援。
_______________________________________________________3．他去了广州寻找致富的机会。
_______________________________________________________4．敌军伤亡惨重。
_______________________________________________________5．对于这起交通事故，谁该受责备/负责？
_______________________________________________________答案：
1．Punishment had very little effect on him.
2．We appealed to him for help.
3．He went to Guangzhou to seek his fortune.
4．The enemy troops suffered heavy losses.
5．Who was to blame for the traffic accident?
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．(2011·北京四中高三期中)—Will $1,000 ________ the cost of the trip?
—I'm afraid not. Perhaps I need ________ $400.
A．pay; anotherB．charge; more
C．cover; another
D．afford; more
答案：C cover可表示“够支付……的费用”；“another＋数词＋名词”或“数词＋more＋名词”都表示“另外的……”。
2．The girl's songs make her ________ from so many new students in the class.
A．stand up
B．stand out
C．stand for
D．stand by
答案：B stand out意为“显眼；杰出”。该题应选B项，表示“这位姑娘的歌使她引人注目”。
3．(2011·上海春季招生)Soon after dinner, Wayne drove off ________ the direction of Paris.
A．to
B．at
C．for
D．in
答案：D direction应与介词in搭配，in the direction of表示“朝着……方向”。
4．—I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have ________.
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A．broken up
A．finished up
C．divided up
D．closed up
答案：A break up“拆散；分开；(关系)破裂”；finish up“完成；吃光；杀死；毁掉”；divide up“分割；分配”；close up“靠近；愈合；关闭”。第一句句意：听说苏和保罗分手了，我很惊讶。
5．I'm planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it ________ the weather.
A．links with
B．depends on
C．connects to
D．decides on
答案：B link with“与……有联系”；depend on“以……而定”；connect to“和……相接”；decide on“选定；决定”。
6．We need people with practical ________ like carpentry.
A．skilled B．skill
C．skillful
D．skills
答案：D with为介词，后需接名词，排除均为形容词的A、C两项。skill表示技巧为不可数名词，但表示“技术”时为可数名词，句意：我们需要有木工等实用技术的人。故答案为D。
7．I want to report the ________ of a package.
A．loss
B．lost
C．loser
D．losing
答案：A 根据“the”冠词可知其后需接名词，句意：我想报告包裹丢失一事。loss“丢失”；loser“失败者”；B、D均不是名词，故答案为A。
8．He ________ you ________ the neglect of duty.
A．was to blame; on
B．blamed; on
C．was to blame; for
D．blamed; for
答案：D blame sb. for sth.表示“因某事而责备某人”。若题干中的you被去掉，C项也是正确的。
9．The drug did not ________ his health. In fact, it seemed to have no ________ at all.
A．effect; effect
B．affect; effect
C．effect; affect
D．affect; affect
答案：B affect为动词，表示“影响”，effect为名词表示“效果”。did not后应接动词；have (no)后缺少宾语，应用名词，故答案为B。
10．We wanted a quiet holiday, but we had ________ without the children.
A．reckoned
B．supposed
C．thought
D．guessed
答案：A 句意：我们原想安安静静地度假，却没有把孩子考虑在内。reckon without表示“没有考虑到”。
11．I think what ________ to me about his painting is the colours he uses.
A．attracts
B．appeals
C．interests
D．helps
答案：B appeal to sb.意为“对某人有吸引力”。题干中的“to”被删掉时，A、C两项也可。
12．Many young graduates devoted dozens of years to ________ success in life.
A．seeking
B．searching
C．suggesting
D．wondering
答案：A 动词辨析题。seek“探索，追求”；search“搜索”；suggest“建议”；wonder“想知道”，据句意答案为A，seek success表示“追求成功”。
13．Don't you think we should ________ the concert now?
A．leave behind
B．leave in
C．leave with
D．leave for
答案：D leave behind “把……落在后面”；leave in搭配错误；leave with“把……交给某人”；leave for“出发去……”，句意：你不认为我们现在该出发去参加音乐会吗？
14．Zhang Ziyi is not present, so the director will accept the prize ________.
A．on behalf
B．in behalf
C．on behalf of her
D．in the behalf
答案：C on behalf of sb.为固定短语，意为“代表某人”。
15．It was ________ that we leave the dangerous place at once.
A．asked
B．thought
C．suggested
D．supposed
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。四个选项中，只有suggest可构成虚拟语气结构，leave前省略了should。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
(2011·深圳二调)
Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machines—robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.
Allpurpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It's been 5 or 10 years from happening for about 50 years，” says Eric Berger, codirector of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors—laser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the next decade.
The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 ( Personal Robot 2), a twoarmed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay inhouse, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances.
This way,
Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter, you won't start by constructing a computer. “You build the thing that's new.”
本文是一篇科普说明文，简要介绍了全能机器人的发展状况、研发困境和解决方案。
1．The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in ________.
A. battle fields
B. operation room
C. people's houses
D. wild fields
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句中的“soldiers，surgeons and homeowners”可知机器人已应用于战场、手术室和家庭，并没有提到D项，故答案为D。
2．The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that ________.
A．can move about in changing environments and work with their hands
B. can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors
C. has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasks
D. has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback
答案：A 细节理解题。由文章首段第三句内容可知A项正确。
3．According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building allpurpose robots if ________.
A．everyone designs robots and the software to control them
B．they can produce 25 copies of its model PR2
C．people can enlarge the capabilities of a single machine
D．people can start by constructing a computer
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段前两句内容可知全能机器人的研发困境是缺少计算机操作平台，而让单个机器人拥有更多的功能是让全能机器人的研发得到实质性的进展的方法，C项正确。
4．Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 so as to ________.
A. design robots and the software to control them
B．change the way of new robot construction research
C．open doors and go to outside research groups
D．go through the room and stay in house
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，Willow Garage的做法是为了改变目前的研究方法。
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. To build allpurpose robots is an absolutely new movement under way.
B. Building allpurpose robots was delayed because of its complexity.
C. The idea to build allpurpose robots appeared about 50 years ago.
D. Everyone will share their advances for they are allpurpose robots.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句的内容可知制造全能机器人的想法五十年前就有了，故选C。
B
(2011·南通名校联考)
“Grandma, Grandma, tell us a story ！” Four darling children sat by my feet, looking up at me expectantly.
Suddenly, we were interrupted by clapping. “Terrific，” the director said, stepping up to the stage from the aisle (过道). “Except, could you kids face the audience a bit more？”
The kids shifted to face the empty seats, which would be filled in a few days for the church play. “Perfect，” the director said.
“Now, Grandma, read to your grandchildren.” A pang of sadness hit me. If only I could read to my real grandchild!
I had a granddaughter, but I'd never met her.
Sixteen years earlier my son was involved in a relationship that ended badly. But out of it came a blessing: a baby girl named Lena. I hoped to be a grandmother to her—but shortly after the birth, the mother moved without any address left. Over the years, I asked around town to try and find my son's exwife (前妻), but it seemed that she didn't want to be found.
I'd just joined this new church a week earlier, and was at once offered the part of Grandma in the play.
At least now I could pretend to be a grandma. The rehearsals (排练) went well, and finally the day of the show arrived. The performance was great. “You all looked so natural up there，” one of my friends said.
Afterward, we went to the church basement for refreshments(茶点). I walked over to one of the girls in the play.Rehearsals had been such a whirlwind (一片忙乱) that we never really got to talk. “How's my granddaughter？” I joked.
“Fine！” she answered. Just then, someone else walked up and asked the girl her name.
I wasn't sure I heard the girl's answer correctly. But it made me ask her another question.
“What's your mother's name？”
She told me.
I was still in shock.
“And what's your father's name？” I asked. It was my son.
She'd only started going to that church a week before I did. Since that day of the play, we've stayed close. Not long ago, she even made me a great grandma.
这是一篇记叙文，介绍一位祖母在参演一个节目时意外找到自己的孙女的故事。
6．What was the author doing at the beginning of the story?
A. Telling a story.
B. Playing a game.
C. Preparing for a play.
D. Acting in a movie.
答案：C 细节理解题。文章第二段提到导演和观众，由此可知这里她在排练一个节目，即为即将公演的话剧做准备。
7．Why did the author feel “a pang of sadness” at the words of the director?
A. The director's words reminded her of her lost granddaughter.
B. The director's words hurt her so badly.
C. She wished that she had a real grandchild.
D. The director wasn't content with her performance.
答案：A 细节理解题。结合语境可知节目中的情景和导演的话让她不由自主地想到自己的孙女。
8．This passage is mainly organized in the pattern of ________.
A. time and events
B. contrast and conclusion
C. cause and effect
D. questions and answers
答案：A 篇章结构题。本文主要依据时间和事件的先后顺序展开，讲述了作者因演出节目而找到了自己的孙女的故事。
9．We can infer that when writing the story, the author felt ________.
A. lighthearted
B. heartbroken
C. confused
D. anxious
答案：A 推理判断题。从全文最后一句“Not long ago，she even made me a great grandma.”推断孙女认下这位祖母，自然令她开心不已。lighthearted“轻松的，愉快的”；heartbroken“心碎的”；confused“困惑的”；anxious“焦虑的”。