必修四 Module 4 Great Scientists
.单词拼写
1．When the boiler ________ (爆炸) many people were hurt by the steam.
2．He was ________ (诊断) with cancer so he was filled with despair.
3．She was the ________ (受害者) of a road accident.
4．I'm busy now. Please make a________ (简明的) speech.
5．The desert climate ________ (养活) little plant life.
6．He was b________ up in the countryside by his grandpa.
7．The matter has quite e________ my memory.
8．Please help me to f________ out my income tax.
9．China Daily is a l________ newspaper in English.
10．This book was first p________ 10 years ago.
答案：1.exploded 2.diagnosed 3.victim 4.brief
5．supports 6.brought 7.escaped 8.figure 9.leading
10．published
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他希望靠卖饮料来谋生。
He hopes to ____________________________________________ drinks.
2．由于交通阻塞，他开会迟到了。
He was late for the meeting ______________________________ a traffic jam.
3．他太幸运了，能够从那辆燃烧的汽车中逃出来。
He is lucky enough to __________________ the ________ bus.
4．济南作为“泉城”因为它的72泉而为我们所知。
Jinan is _______________________________ us ________ “Quan City”________ its 72 springs.
5．这房间由厨房改成了厕所。
The room ______________________________________ a kitchen ________ a lavatory.
答案：1.earn his living by selling 2.as a result of 3.escape from; burning 4.known to; as; for 5.was converted from；to
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Men usually go ________ to what they want and leave quickly when shopping.
A．slight B．light
C．straight
D．strict
答案：C 考查副词与形容词辨析。A、B、D三项都是形容词，而此处需要的是副词，修饰前面的动词go，所以选C。straight既是形容词也是副词，表示“直直的/地”。
2．Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci were known ________ their artistic achievements.
A．as
B．to
C．for
D．in
答案：C be known as “作为……而出名”；be known for“因为……而出名”；be known to “为……所知”。句意：梵高和莱奥纳多·达芬奇都是因为他们的艺术成就而出名。
3．With the fast development of economy, a lot of farmlands were ________ to industrial, residential or other uses.
A．replaced
B．converted
C．made
D．returned
答案：B 考查动词辨析。句意：随着经济的快速发展，大量农田被转换成工业用地、住宅或用于其他用途。replace“代替”；convert“转换”；return“返回”。由句意可知B正确。
4．I don't want to keep you long, so let me be ________.
A．briefly
B．brief
C．friendly
D．careful
答案：B 考查形容词与副词辨析。briefly“简短地”；brief“简洁的”；friendly“友好的”；careful“仔细的”。句意：我不会让你久等，因此我会简洁些。由句意可知B项正确。
5．(2016·枣庄模拟)He was busy doing his homework, only ________ once in a while to refer to his notes.
A．to stop
B．stopping
C．to have stopped
D．having stopped
答案：B 考查非谓语动词。句意：他忙着写作业，只是偶尔停下来看一眼笔记。根据句意可知stop是他在写作业中做的一个伴随动作，所以要用v.ing形式。
6．Everyone can greatly improve the ________ of life by taking part in all kinds of activities.
A．quantity
B．problem
C．preparation
D．quality
答案：D 考查名词辨析。quantity“数量”；problem“问题”；preparation“准备”；quality“质量”。句意：通过参加各种活动，每个人都能大大地提高生活质量。
7．There's ________ need to ban smoking as ________ result of the great loss it has caused.
A．/; a
B．a; a
C．the; the
D．the; a
答案：B 考查冠词。there's a need to do sth.“有必要做某事”；as a result of “由于”。
8．(2016·银川一中模拟)—Mum, I have finished my homework.
—Oh. If you ________ not to disturb me, you can watch TV.
A．offer B．support
C．guarantee
D．want
答案：C 句意：——妈妈，我已经完成作业了。——噢，如果你保证不打扰我，你可以看电视。offer“提供”；support“支持”；guarantee“保证”；want“想”。由句意可知选C。
9．He ________ his duties next week.
A．brings up
B．sets up
C．picks up
D．takes up
答案：D 句意：他下周就要开始履行职责。bring up“教育，提出，培养”；set up“建立”；pick up“获得，捡起”；take up“开始从事，占据”。由句意可知选D。
10．(2016·海南模拟)—I was wondering whether you could remember the name of the place.
—I'm afraid that ________ me for the moment.
A．reminds
B．puzzles
C．disturbs
D．escapes
答案：D 句意：——我在想你是否记得那个地方的名字。——恐怕眼下我也记不起来了。escape有“被忘记”之意，如“Her name escapes me.”我记不起她的名字了。
11．(2010·西南师大附中模拟)During the rush hour cars were ________ in the traffic jam.
A．held back
B．held out
C．held on
D．held up
答案：D 句意：在交通高峰期车辆遇上了交通阻塞。hold up“耽误，阻碍”符合句意。hold on “继续，别挂断”；hold out“拿出”；hold back“拦阻，隐瞒”。
12．(2010·山东济南一中模拟)—Shall we go to have a picnic in the open air this weekend?
—________. I want to relax, for I'm too tired these days.
A．Of course we can
B．It couldn't be better
C．If you like
D．It's up to you
答案：B 句意：——这个周末我们去户外野餐好吗？——再好不过了，这些天我太累了，想放松一下。It couldn't be better“那再好不过了”，故选B。Of course we can是针对别人的请求所做的肯定回答；If you like“如果你愿意”；It's up to you“由你决定”。
13．The Americans are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ________ is often the case in other countries.
A．as
B．that
C．so
D．it
答案：A 句意：美国人对不同的文化和做事的其他方法不是太熟悉，这在其他国家也是常见的事情。as is often the case“情况经常是这样”，故本题选A。
14．—How do you like this small house?
—________. It has two bedrooms and is big enough for us.
A．Just soso
B．I don't like it
C．I like it
D．Not much
答案：C 考查交际用语。句意：——你认为这座小房子怎么样？——我喜欢，它有两个卧室，对我们来说足够大了。句型“How do you like...？”用来征求对方对某事的意见。根据答语的第二句可判断选C。
15．I'd like to know the way you think of _______ your handwriting.
A．to improve
B．improving
C．to prove
D．proving
答案：A 句意：我想知道你想出的改善你书写的办法。improve“改善，提高”；prove“证明，证明是”。在the way后用动词不定式作定语。
.完形填空
The famous scientist Albert Einstein died in 1955. His__1__now is in the central state of Kansas of the U．S.. It belongs to a retired(退休的)__2__doctor, Thomas Harvey. __3__did this happen? And why?
In the 1950s, Albert Einstein and Thomas Harvey__4__each other when they both lived in Princeton, New Jersey. Einstein was working at Princeton University__5__Doctor Harvey was working at Princeton Hospital. When Einstein died, Doctor Harvey was__6__to examine his body. It was then that he started to study__7__has become a long time examination of Einstein's brain. His goal was to__8__some physical evidence(证据)of the scientist's genius(才华)．
Doctor Harvey, __9__， did not tell Einstein's family that he__10__the great man's brain. It was only later__11__the family learned of Doctor Harvey's work. They did not__12__the idea at first. After Doctor Harvey explained his idea to them, they agreed to__13__him to study the brain. Doctor Harvey then asked__14__scientists to help. They cut the brain__15__three pieces. They marked each piece before placing it in containers__16__ chemical formaldehyde(甲醛)to protect it. Doctor Harvey has been__17__Einstein's brain since then. He has carried it with him as he moved from place to place. He has also lent parts of the brain to other scientists__18__study.
Only one researcher has found something__19__. A doctor at the University of California found that the left part of Einstein's brain has more certain cells(细胞)than__20__. Such cells are known to feed brain. This may mean that the cells could affect intelligence.
1．A.body
B．heart
C．brain
D．head
答案：C 从后文可知是爱因斯坦的大脑被保存在美国的Kansas州。
2．A.actual
B．chemical
C．natural
D．medical
答案：D 一个退休的医学博士。
3．A.What
B．How
C．Who
D．Which
答案：B 这是怎么回事呢？
4．A.realized
B．recognized
C．learned
D．knew
答案：D 两个人都住在普林斯顿城，因此互相认识。
5．A.as
B．because
C．while
D．since
答案：C while表示对比转折，意为“然而”。
6．A.called on
B．called at
C．sent up
D．sent off
答案：A call on此处意为“要求(某人做某事)”。
7．A.which B．how
C．that
D．what
答案：D study是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用连接代词what引导。
8．A.invent
B．discover
C．prove
D．examine
答案：B 他的目的是从身体方面找出爱因斯坦聪明的证据。
9．A.perhaps
B．therefore
C．thus
D．however
答案：D 由上下文语境可知此处表示转折关系，故用副词however。
10．A.bought
B．sold
C．kept
D．made
答案：C 但他并没有告诉爱因斯坦的家人他保存着他的大脑。
11．A.that
B．when
C．before
D．after
答案：A 强调句型It was...that...。
12．A.hear of
B．like
C．suggest
D．offer
答案：B 当爱因斯坦的家人知道此事后，开始他们是不认同这个主意的。
13．A.promise
B．let
C．have
D．permit
答案：D 后来他们同意让他研究爱因斯坦的大脑。
14．A.other two
B．two other
C．more two
D．two another
答案：B “另外两个科学家”，用two other scientists或another two scientists。
15．A.off
B．by
C．into
D．about
答案：C cut...into three pieces“把……切成三块”。
16．A.for
B．about
C．of
D．with
答案：D with此处意为“带有，装有”。
17．A.learning
B．studying
C．searching
D．selling
答案：B 全文一直在讲“研究”爱因斯坦的大脑。
18．A.for
B．on
C．into
D．about
答案：A for study“以供研究”，for表示目的。
19．A.easy
B．difficult
C．particular
D．common
答案：C 有一个科学家发现了特别的东西。
20．A.ever
B．enough
C．usual
D．normal
答案：D 某种细胞比正常情况下多一些。
.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出
该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was Monday. Li Ming was the first come to the classroom. When he came into his seat, therefore, he found his bench was broken. Seen there was nobody around, he decided to change it with Wang Gang, and so he did. After a while, Wang Gang came.
When he saw a broken bench,
he carried it out of the classroom.
Li Ming didn't know how he was going to do.
So Li Ming came out of and found that Wang Gang has begun to repair the broken bench. Li Ming's face turned red. He said with Wang Gang, “Let's repair them together.”
答案：
It was Monday. Li Ming was the first
come to the classroom. When he came into his seat, ， he found his bench was broken.
there was nobody around, he decided to change it with ， and so he did. After a while, Wang Gang came. When he saw
broken bench,
he carried it out of the classroom.
Li Ming didn't know
he was going to do.
So Li Ming came out
and found that Wang Gang
begun to repair the broken bench. Li Ming's face turned red. He said
Wang Gang, “Let's repair
together.”