必修Unit 5
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Cal replied with a polite but (坚决的)“no”！
2. The T-shirts are available in a wide （各种）of colors.
3. Why don’t you （倒）yourself another drink?
4. As everybody knows, cancer doesn’t show any
(症状) in its early stages.
5. These days，I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great
(压力) on me.
6. The bridge was damaged by a flood，so a
(临时的) one was built in its place.
7. Two players are out of the team because of （伤）.
8. Use a soap that is （温和的）on the skin.
9. She was （治疗）for sunstroke.
10. The new technology was （应用）to farming.
Ⅱ. 单项填空
1. First aid is a temporary form of helpto someone who suddenly falls ill or gets _______ before a doctor can be found.
A. giving；injuredB. given；injuringC. given；injuredD. giving；injuring
2. There is little doubt you will be able to judge truth and error if you have confidence in yourself.
A．thatB．whoC．whenD．if
3. — Excuse me, may I use your car?
—I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t the car key just at the moment.
A. rely on
B. break away from
C. put my hands on
D. keep my hands off
4. ______ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.
A. WhichB. When
C. What
D. As
5. I think it ______ that she should be knowledgeable about computers for her present job.
A. urgent
B. normal
C. essential
D. temporary
6. What ______ will it make whether Mr. Black tells us the story early or not?
A. sense
B. difference
C. mistake
D. use
7. The boy made the same mistakes ________ ，which，of course，made his parents very angry.
A. over and over againB. more or less
C. sooner or later
D. here and there
8. Once the new rules are made，what matters much next is how they will be to all the members of the club.
A. devoted
B. referred
C. applied
D. directed
9. In that situation，a wage freeze，whether voluntary or imposed by the government，deals with a
of inflation rather than with inflation itself.
A. symbol
B. sign
C. signal
D. symptom
10. —What’s wrong with your left arm?
—A bee has bitten it and it is _______ .
A. swelled up
B. swelling down
C. swelling up
D. swelled down
11. With everything needed _______ , she declared that the party began.
A. in the place
B. taking place
C. out of place
D. in place
12. I have decided that I would not attend her birthday party ______ .
A. if inviting
B. when inviting
C. unless invited
D. while invited
13. We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly it began to rain heavily.
A. when
B. while
C. until
D. before
14. The number of people applying for the job _______ fifty，but a number of them
not accepted for various reasons.
A. were；wasB. was；was
C. was；wereD. were；were
15. —I’d love to go with you to the concert，but I’m short of money these days.
— That’s all right. .
A. We are friends，and we should help each other
B. It will be my treat
C. You know I have a lot of money
D. I’ve got enough money
Ⅲ. 完形填空
I grew up one of ten children on a farm in Wyoming. After my dad’s service in World War Ⅱ, he was
1
again to fight during the Korean War, and when he returned home, he couldn’t drink
2
to numb (麻痹) his terrible memories. He struggled to
3
for his growing family.
On our occasional trips to town, I4
out boxfuls of books from the library. When I opened a book, I could
5
myself in unknown places—where children weren’t hungry and were in
6
of little.
When I wasn’t daydreaming, my
7
was the life I shared with my brothers and sisters. At night I hid under the covers
8
to silence the sounds of life in an alcoholic home. Classmates asked
9
we didn’t have electricity or a telephone. I suppose my explanations were
10
more than lies, but the stories I told improved
11
every book I read.
Starting at a very young age, my siblings (兄弟姐妹) and I sometimes got jobs to earn money—to put more food on the family table. We
12
newspapers, babysat, and cleaned other people’s houses.
Mom grew vegetables, raised chickens, and baked bread, so we seldom went hungry, even when supper was only a pot of beans.
13
my real hunger wasn’t for food—it was a hunger for a better life. It was a hunger for knowledge about the world
14
our simple existence. It was a hunger to prove Dad
15
when he told us we would never amount to anything.
Hunger motivated my brothers and sisters to achieve much
16
than our parents expected
17
us. We devoured (如饥似渴地吸取) the offerings of the public schools because we realized that
18
would be our steppingstone into a brighter future.
Now I’m
19
of the accomplishments of my siblings: an art professor; a well-known doctor; plus business owners. And me, I’m the keeper of the family stores. I’ll never know if we would have so many accumulated successes if we had not known
20
as children. But this I do know: I believe it can be a good thing.
1. A. drafted
B. dismissed
C. invited
D. involved
2. A. well
B. plenty
C. enough
D. heavily
3. A. search
B. provide
C. hope
D. leave
4. A. brought
B. checked
C. gave
D. carried
5. A. remind
B. help
C. devote
D. find
6. A. memory
B. favor
C. possession
D. need7. A. reality
B. fantasy
C. satisfaction
D. affection
8. A. refusing
B. pretending
C. attempting
D. preparing
9. A. whether
B. how
C. when
D. why
10. A. something
B. anything
C. nothing
D. everything
11. A. as
B. with
C. for
D. at
12. A. sent
B. delivered
C. published
D. released
13. A. But
B. And
C. Then
D. Otherwise
14. A. above
B. around
C. within
D. beyond
15. A. right
B. mean
C. wrong
D. nice
16. A. more
B. further
C. greater
D. better
17. A. in
B. for
C. of
D. on
18. A. ambition
B. dream
C. enthusiasm
D. education
19. A. fond
B. proud
C. aware
D. confident
20. A. hunger
B. suffering
C. desperation
D. poverty
Ⅳ. 任务型读写
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
People who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links among facts when waking. But recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. The results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is very important to the brain’s ability to form strong memories.
An average night’s rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night—and therefore inadequate REM sleep—may be damaging their mind’s ability to memorize: Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.
In the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. They were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups didn’t improve, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 percent. Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain occurs during REM sleep.
It is believed that sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to sort relevant information from useless information. This process may take place as memories are removed from one part of the brain to others.
Title REM Sleep (1) ________Memory
The result of the study Rapid Eye Movement sleep is of great importance to the brain’s ability to (2) _______memories.
The (3)_______ of the study ●(4)________ were required to think of another word associated with all three words.
●The same task was given to participants (5) _________a day.
●The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups showed no (6)__________.
●The REM sleep group (7) _______well by an average of almost 40 percent.
Dr Sara Mednick’s (8)__________ Connections between previously unassociated information in the brain are (9) _________during REM sleep.
Conclusion Sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to abandon useless information and keep the (10)_________ information.
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1. firm
2. variety
3. pour
4. symptoms
5. pressure
6. temporary
7. injury
8. mild
9. treated
10. applied
Ⅱ. 1. 【解析】选C。该句结构比较复杂，主句部分是First aid is a temporary form of help，后面是后置定语修饰help，用given表示被动；who引导的定语从句的谓语是由or连接的两个系表结构构成，get injured表示“受伤”。
2. 【解析】选A。doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中，其后从句常用whether引导；在否定句中和疑问句中使用that引导从句。此处that无意义，也不作成分，是同位语从句的引导词。
3.【解析】选C。句意：——打扰一下，我可以用一下你的车吗？——对不起，恐怕我不能马上找到车钥匙。put one’s hands on意为“找到”，符合句意。rely on依靠；break away from挣脱；keep one’s hands off不要管，不要碰。
4.【解析】选D。句意：正如往常一样，我们制订出了生产计划。as在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
【知识拓展】as引导定语从句
（1) 引导限制性定语从句，用在“such. . . as”, “the same. . . as”，“as. . . as”等结构中，常译作“像……一样的人(或物)”，“凡是……的人(或物)”。 例如：
He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。My hometown is no longer the same as it was.
我的家乡再也不和过去一样了。
（2) 引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：
As is well known, oceans cover more than 70％ of the earth. 我们知道，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。
（3）引导非限制性定语从句，表示一种情况也适用于另外一人、一事或一群人，这种用法中，as后的句子要倒装。例如：
He suffered a lot, as were many people in those years.
他受了许多苦，就像那些年月里的许多人一样。
5.【解析】选C。根据后面宾语从句的结构可以判断出所填的词必须具有能使其后的从句是虚拟语气的功能，四个词中只有essential“必不可少的”有此用法。
6.【解析】选B。句意：布莱克先生是否提前告诉我们那则故事有什么关系吗？make a difference意为“有影响，有关系，起(重要)作用”，题干中是将该短语拆开使用。7. 【解析】选A。over and over again意为“反复，多次”。句意：那个男孩一次次犯同样的错误，这当然令他的父母很生气。more or less或多或少，大体上；sooner or later迟早，早晚；here and there到处。
8.【解析】选C。be applied to在句中意为“应用于”，句中是说把新规定应用于俱乐部的所有成员的身上。而be devoted to意为“专心于；致力于”；be referred to意为“被提到”；direct to意为“指向”。
【变式备选】
To travel to the United States，you must first apply
the American Embassy ______ your visa.
A. or；toB. to；for
C. for；forD. to；to
【解析】选B。句意：要到美国旅行，你必须首先向美国大使馆申请签证。“apply to. . . for. . . ”意为“向……申请……”。
9.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。symptom“症状”。句意：那种情况下，工资冻结，无论是自愿还是国家强制进行的，是对付通货膨胀的症状，而不是通货膨胀本身。symbol意为“象征”；sign意为“符号，记号”； signal意为“信号”。
10.【解析】选C。句意：——你的左臂怎么了？——被蜜蜂蜇了，它肿了起来。swell up膨胀，肿胀。
11. 【解析】选D。in place在正确的位置，现成的；out of place在错误的位置，位置不合适；take place发生，故选D项。12.【解析】选C。句意：我已经决定了，除非被邀请，否则我不会参加她的生日宴会。此处考查状语从句的省略，unless invited相当于unless I am invited。
13.【解析】选A。此处“when” 作并列连词使用，表示“正在这时”。
14. 【解析】选C。the number of. . . ……的数量，谓语动词用单数，而a number of. . . 许多，大量的……，谓语动词用复数，故选C项。
15. 【解析】选B。考查交际用语。treat作为名词，可作“请客”讲，it will be my treat可译为“我请客”，是一个常用的交际用语。
【变式备选】
After the accident，the truck driver was
for cuts.
A. treated
B. cured
C. corrected
D. relieved
【解析】选A。be treated for. . . 为treat sb. for. . . 的被动形式，意为“给某人治……病”。
Ⅲ.【文章大意】小的时候，兄弟姐妹多，家里很穷，兄弟姐妹还得找工作赚钱养家，父亲对子女的成长也不抱希望。但是，作者兄妹几人却人穷志不穷，懂得“知识改变命运”的道理，发愤图强，最后均功成名就。
1.【解析】选A。考查动词。父亲在二战服役后又被征召入伍参加朝鲜战争。在四个选项中，draft意为“征召入伍”；dismiss意为“不予考虑；解散，开除”；involve意为“卷入，涉及”。
2.【解析】选C。考查副词。根据后一句可知“父亲要养家糊口”，故父亲不能借酒浇愁。
3.【解析】选B。考查动词。家里人口越来越多，父亲得拼命赚钱养家。search for意为“寻找”；provide for意为“（赚钱）供养，抚养”；hope for意为“希望得到；期待”；leave for意为“动身去……”。
4.【解析】选B。考查动词。check out本意为“结账”，在此意为“（从图书馆）借（书）”。我们偶尔去镇上时，我就从图书馆借好多书。
5.【解析】选D。考查动词。每当读一本书时，我不知不觉地就发现自己进入了陌生的世界。根据第7空前的daydreaming可知作者看书很投入。
6.【解析】选D。考查名词。in memory of意为“纪念”；in favor of意为“支持，赞成”；in possession of意为“拥有”； in need of意为“需要”。此空前的and说明此空后的内容与前面的是并列关系，既然在这个陌生的世界中，孩子们没有饥饿问题，那么他们所需要的东西也就很少。这是相对于作者贫穷的家庭生活来说的。
7.【解析】选A。考查名词。此题属于反义复现。既然不是“白日梦，空想”，那么就是“现实（reality）”了。
8.【解析】选C。考查动词。作者和兄弟姐妹及父母生活在一起，且父亲经常会喝些小酒，家里很嘈杂，所以作者把头蒙在被子下，试图逃避嘈杂的声音。attempt to do sth. 意为“试图（尝试）做某事”。
9.【解析】选D。考查副词。同学们问我为什么我们家没有电或电话。根据后面的explanations（解释）可知D项最佳。
10.【解析】选C。考查代词。nothing more than意为“仅仅，不过是”。后面的but说明前后两句间是转折关系，既然后面说“我编的故事质量（可信度）有所提高”，那么前面肯定是可信度很低了。
11.【解析】选B。考查介词。此处的with意为“随着”。随着我读的书越来越多，我编的故事可信度就提高了。
12.【解析】选B。考查动词。我和兄弟姐妹通过“送报纸”挣钱。deliver意为“投递，递送”。而send newspapers意为“寄报纸”。
13.【解析】选A。考查连词。由于妈妈种了蔬菜，养了鸡，还烘面包，所以一家人很少再挨饿了，即使有时晚饭时桌上只有一盆豆子。我的饥饿不是物质的，而是精神的，即我对美好生活的向往。很明显，前后两句间在逻辑上是转折关系。
14.【解析】选D。考查介词。我渴望美好的生活（a better life），我渴望的是超出（beyond）我们简朴生活，对外面世界的了解。
15.【解析】选C。考查形容词。父亲对我们说我们将一事无成，所以我渴望去证明父亲的话是错的。
16.【解析】选A。考查副词。对外面世界的渴望激发我们兄妹取得了远超父母期望的成就。在最后一段作者提到了兄妹几人都功成名就。
17.【解析】选C。考查介词。expect sth. of sb. 意为“对某人抱有某种期望”。
18.【解析】选D。考查名词。我们如饥似渴地吸取公立学校所提供的教育。因为我们都意识到教育将成为我们通向光明未来的敲门砖。此空后的steppingstone意为“踏脚石，敲门砖，达到目的的手段”。
19.【解析】选B。考查形容词。兄弟姐妹有的成了艺术教授，有的成了名医，有的成了企业家。作者为兄弟姐妹的成就感到很自豪。
20.【解析】选A。考查名词。此题属于原词复现。hungry一词在上文出现了多次，此题hunger是其名词形式。作者总结到：如果不是小时候的饥饿，我们也许不知道是否会取得如此多的成功。
Ⅳ. 答案：1. Benefits/Improves
2. strengthen
3. process/steps/procedures
4. Participants
5. twice
6. improvement
7. performed
8. opinion/view/belief
9. formed
10. relevant/related