2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版必修五《Unit2 The 《United Kingdom》联合王国

　　③We should have studied last night，but we went to the concert instead. 昨晚我们本应该学习，但我们却参加音乐会去了。 ④(全国高考)I was really anxious about you.You shouldn’t_have_left home without a word. 我很担心你。你不该一句话没说就离开家。 2(教材P14)Worried_about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. 由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。 【点津】　(1)worried about...为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。 (2)available adj.可以利用的；有用的；有空的 ①Lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.陷入沉思，他几乎撞上了前面的小汽车。 ②Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry. 被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。 ③Is the library available during the summer vacation? 图书馆在暑假期间开放吗？ ④There is only a little money available for the trip. 这次旅行只有少数钱可供使用。 ⑤I regret to inform you that there are no tickets available for Friday’s performance. 我很遗憾地通知你，星期五演出的票没有了。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2011·高考课标全国卷)They __________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A．will

　　B．can C．must

　　D．should 解析：选D。句意为：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。本题考查情态动词的用法。can用在疑问句和否定句中，意为：可能；must have done表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为D项。 2．There are plenty of jobs________in the western part of the country. A．present

　　B．available C．precious

　　D．convenient 解析：选B。句意为：在那个国家西部地区有许多工作供你选择。present 目前的，现在的(前置定语)；出席的,在场的(后置定语)；available可用的，可得到的，可达到的；precious 宝贵的，珍贵的；convenient方便的，便利的。 3．Shella forgot all about the dog and the TV set，________in the new magazine that had come in the mail. A．deeply lost

　　B．deeply losing C．was deeply lost

　　D．and deeply lost 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。deeply lost为过去分词作状语，表示原因。句意为：由于Shella沉迷于邮件中的新杂志，所以她忘记了狗和电视。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．________________ (遗憾的是)his team lost the match only by one score. 2．____________________(看起来奇怪的是)he burst into laughter when I talked about what had happened that morning. It was a pity that It seemed strange that 3．________________(为什么不听从)your father’s advice and accept the job? 4．________________(一定给我打个电话)me a call when you have got home. Why not take Do give 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 ③(陕西高考)There is much work to do,so we’ll have to divide it between us. 有那么多工作要做，因此我们必须在我们中分配一下。 辨析divide...into.../separate...from... divide(...into...)常指把某个整体划分为若干部分 separate(...from...)表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来 巧思妙解 用divide，separate填空 (1)This examination is __________ into two parts and covers the following subjects. divided (2)England is __________ from France by the English Channel. (3)As we joined the big crowd，I got __________ from my friends. separated separated 3take the place of　代替 (教材P12)All of the words below can take the place of said，but they are used under different conditions and in different situations.　以下所有的词都可以代替said这个词，但是它们用于不同条件和不同情境中。 归纳拓展 take one’s place＝take the place of sb.代替 in place of代替，取代 take place发生，举办，举行 in place在适当的位置，在原处 ①(牛津P1508)She couldn’t attend the meeting so her assistant took her place./took the place of her. 她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。

　　李老师生病了，因此我代替他给你们上课。 ③(辽宁高考)Important changes took place in the lives of women in the 19th century. 在19世纪，妇女的生活发生了重大变化。 4break down　(机器)损坏；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉 (教材P13)On my way to the station my car broke down. 在去车站的路上，我的汽车坏了。 归纳拓展 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 break off中断；折断 break into闯入 break out爆发；发生 break up驱散；分散；打碎，终止 ①(辽宁高考)Then his health broke down，and he had to take a long holiday abroad. 之后他的身体累垮了，得去国外休一段长假。 ②(全国高考)News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken_down with no agreement reached.据报道两国的和谈破裂了，没达成任何协议。 ③The American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.美国南方各州想脱离联邦。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 take the place of；take place；in place of ；in place 1．We instructed her to leave everything ____________，just as she found it. 2．Mr.Smith will go to Beijing next month，when a new English teacher will teach us ____________him. in place in place of 3．Sending

　　e-mail has almost ____________________writing letters. 4．Can you tell me what changes have ____________ since the telephone was invented? taken the place of taken place Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The students in the class _________________________________ (被分成四个小组) before they started the game. were divided into four groups 2．New Zealand is a country lying off the eastern coast of Australia，______________________________(包括两大岛屿)and many smaller ones. consisting of two big islands 3．Nowadays many farmers want to _________________________________ (脱离农村生活)and make a living in cities. break away from rural life 4．Oh，dear！How can you ________________(漏掉)such important information? 5．They set up a club ________________(为了纪念)the great singer Michael Jackson. leave out in memory of 6．Seen from the helicopter，the large green forest is beautiful ______________________(无法描绘)． beyond description Ⅲ.单项填空 1．The English teacher often does some translation work to earn extra money，which __________ nearly half of his income. A．consists in

　　B．counts on C．accounts for

　　D．makes for 解析：选C。考查短语辨析。consist in在于，存在于某事物之中；count on依靠，依赖；account for(数量上/比例上)占，解释，说明；make for走向，有助于，促进。句意为：那位英语老师经常做一些翻译去挣些外快，外快几乎占其收入的一半。 2．—How about your journey to Mount E’mei? —Everything was wonderful except that our car________twice on the way. A．slowed down

　　B．broke down C．got down

　　D．put down 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：“你的峨眉山之行怎样？”“除了路上车出了两次故障外，一切都很好。”break down(车等)出故障；谈判破裂；(健康)垮掉，(精神)崩溃；(使)分解；(讨论、机制等)失败， 垮掉等。slow down 减速；get down 从……下来，下车；put down写下，记下，镇压，放下。 3．The chairman is ill in hospital now,so we have no idea who will __________ in the coming conference. A．take his place

　　B．take place C．take place of him

　　D．take the place of 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。take sb.’s place和take the place of sb.都意为“代替某人”；take place意为“发生”。由句意可知此处意为“代替他”,故选A。 1(教材P14)It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London. 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。 句型精析 【点津】　should用在that从句中表达感情、意志，意为“竟然，居然”。 ①I’m surprised that you should speak in that way. 我很惊讶你居然用那种方式说话。 ②I’m glad that your story should_have_won the first prize. 我很高兴你的小说居然赢得一等奖。 【温馨提示】　should have done还可以表示过去该做某事，意为“本应该……；要是已经……就好了”。 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P441)Convenience foods let you spend more quality time with your family. 方便食品使你拥有了更多与家人在一起的幸福时光。 ②Many people enjoy the pleasures and convenience of living in a city centre. 许多人享受住在市中心的乐趣和便利。 ③Come and see me whenever it_is_convenient_to_you. 只要你方便，随时可以过来看我。 3arrange　v. 筹备；安排；整理；布置；排列 (教材P13)They had no time to arrange their own wedding，so they had it organized by a company.　他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼，因此他们让一家公司代为组织。 归纳拓展 ①It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。 ②We arranged_to_meet at the cinema at 7∶30，but he failed to turn up. 我们约定7点30分在电影院见面，但他没来。 ③The manager arranged that the meeting (should)be put off for a couple of days.经理安排会议推迟几天。 ④The local newspaper made_arrangements_for an interview with the famous scientist. 当地报社安排对那位著名的科学家进行采访。 4delight　n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.& vi.(使)高兴，(使)欣喜 (教材P14)Her first delight was going to the Tower. 她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。 归纳拓展 助 记

　　①(牛津P528)She won the game easily，to_the_delight_of all her fans. 这场比赛她赢得很轻松，令所有的崇拜者大为高兴。 ②(牛津P528)He takes great delight in proving others wrong.他以证实别人出错为一大快事。 ③As far as I know，the boy takes delight in helping others. ＝As far as I know，the boy delights_in_helping others. 据我所知，这个男孩以帮助别人为乐趣。 ④He was delighted to hear that his son got admission to Beijing University. 听说他的儿子被北京大学录取了，他很高兴。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．I cannot tell you ____________________________(我多么的高兴)with the beautiful birthday present you gave me. how delighted I was 2．Please buy these books for me _________________________________ (当你方便时)． when it is convenient to you 3．Don’t worry！I ______________________________(已安排秘书)to pick you up at the airport. 4．Stories about the common people often _________________________(更能引起公众注意)than political events. have arranged for my secretary attract more public attention 5．Mr.Brown ____________________ _____________(阐明那个困难的问题)by giving a full explanation.

　　clarified the difficult problem Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2010·高考江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were ________ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A．Attended B．Attained C．attracted

　　D．attached 解析：选C。句意为：上海世博会开幕当天就吸引了成千上万的外国游客。本题考查动词。attend参加，出席，在此处不应用被动语态，故可排除；attain达到，获得；attract吸引；attach贴(系)上；使附属；使依附，根据句意可知答案为C项。 2．Instead of buying only fresh foods,many people in modern society prefer to buy more __________ foods to make and eat more quickly. A．convenience

　　B．junk C．healthy

　　D．fatty 解析：选A。句意为：现代社会中，许多人更愿意买方便食品(convenience foods)，以便于他们制作和吃得更快，因此答案选A。 3．The police __________ the reporters to go to the spot where the accident happened and interview the old man who witnessed it. A．accounted for

　　B．arranged for C．stood for

　　D．cared for 解析：选B。本题考查动词短语辨析。account for作出解释；arrange for为……作安排；stand for代表；care for喜欢，照顾。句意为：警察安排记者去了事故发生的地点并采访目击事故发生的那个老人。 4．As teachers，we should be ________of our students’ feelings.And then they will trust us. A．anxious

　　B．afraid C．delighted

　　D．considerate 解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。be considerate of 固定搭配，意思是“体谅”。句意为：作为老师，我们应该体谅学生(的感情)，这样他们才会相信我们。 短语精释 1consist of 　由……组成 (教材P9)How many countries does the UK consist of? 联合王国由几个国家组成？ 归纳拓展 ①(辽宁高考) Life consists of

　　not only sunshine but also hard times. 生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的时候。

　　由五名医生和十名护士组成的医疗队被派往日本地震受灾区。 ③His job consists of helping old people who live alone. 他的工作包括帮助独居的老人。 ④Happiness does not consist_in how much money you have.幸福不在于你拥有多少金钱。 2divide...into　把……分成 (教材P9)England can be divided into three main areas. 英国可以划分为三个主要地区。 ①Let’s divide these students into small groups for oral practice.让我们把这些学生分成小组做口语练习。 ②(浙江高考)As the work can be divided among several people，it can be done efficiently. 因为工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以高效完成。 Unit 2　The United Kingdom ——联合王国 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词

　　1．Could you please give me a ____________(粗略的)idea when you will come back home? 2．A survey showed that the science fiction film ____________(使激动)most young people. rough thrilled 3．Everything had been ____________(安排)very well before the ceremony began. 4．Surprisingly，the young man was ____________(不乐意) to accept the work he was most fit to do. arranged unwilling 5．I don’t like the couple upstairs，because they often ____________(吵架)at night，making much noise. 6．The girl and her mother are ____________(相同的) in appearance as well as in character. quarrel alike 7．His words are always ____________(一致的)with his actions,which has led to him having a lot of close friends. 8．I hope that what I say will ____________(澄清)the situation. consistent clarify 9．He ____________ the robbery in detail to the policeman and his ____________ was very valuable—the police caught the robber in a short time.(describe) described description 10．用unite的适当形式填空 (1)So long as we are ____________，we can certainly reach this goal. (2)The Trade ____________ Movement works to obtain higher wages and better conditions. united Union 高频短语 1．________________由……组成 2．________________

　　把……分成 3．________________

　　挣脱(束缚)；脱离 4．________________

　　为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下 consist of divide...into break away(from) to one’s credit 6．________________

　　代替 7．________________

　　(机器)损坏；破坏 8．________________

　　谈到，说到；参考；涉及 9．________________

　　把……列出清单 10．________________

　　在特殊场合 11．________________

　　对……感到骄傲 take the place of break down refer to make a list of on special occasion feel proud of 典型句式

　　1．find＋sb./sth.＋过去分词 Now when people refer to England you __________ Wales __________(发现……包括在内)as well. find included 2．it充当形式主语 ________________(真是遗憾)the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. It is a pity that 3．状语从句的省略 It looked splendid ________________(刚建成时)! when first built 4．It＋be/seem(s/ed)＋strange(important，necessary...)that...句型 ______________________(似乎很奇怪)the man who had developed communism __________(竟然)have lived and died in London. It seemed strange that should 5．not only...，but(also)．..不但……而且……，不仅……还…… __________(不仅)that，__________(还)he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Not only but 6．worried about...过去分词作状语 _________________________________(由于担心时间不够)，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Worried about the time available 过去分词作宾补 1．(2016·浙江温州第一次适应性测试)The bathroom looks lovely.Did you decorate it yourself or get someone __________it? A．be doing B．done C．do

　　D．to do 单元语法 解析：选D。该句考查get sb.to do sth.结构，表示“让某人做某事”，所以这里选D项。 2．(2016·哈师大附中，东北师大附中,辽宁省实验中学第一次联考)Mrs.White found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and __________ very worried. A．look

　　B．looks C．looking

　　D．to look 解析：选C。句意：怀特夫人发现她的丈夫被信件和文件包围着，看起来非常担心。surrounded by letters and papers和looking very worried都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表示被动,后者表示主动。 3．(2016·厦门市质量检查)When the Minister came to the snow-striken area,he was happy to see the disaster victims well________. A．take care of

　　B．took care of C．taken care of

　　D．taking care of 解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和句意可以看出victims与take care of存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。 4．(2016·陕西西安八校联考)“Once people think you are a liar，it’s hard ________，no matter what you’ll say,”father warned his son. A．for you to make yourself believe B．for you to make yourself believed C．of you to make yourself believing D．of you to make yourself believe 解析：选B。考查句型It is hard for sb.to do sth.和词组make oneself done。句意为：父亲警告儿子说：“一旦人们认为你是个骗子，那么无论你说什么，都很难让人相信你。” 5．(2016·陕西西安质检)—Can I help you，sir? —I’m afraid you cannot.I have my students’ papers ________. A．to be graded

　　B．graded C．to grade

　　D．grade 解析：选C。所填词作使役动词have的宾语补足语，逻辑主语是have的宾语my students’ papers，两者是被动关系，用不定式的主动式表被动的意义,选C项。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1attract　vt.吸引；引起注意 (教材P10)It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. 可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市不能吸引游客。 归纳拓展 ①The earthquake which happened in Japan attracted great attention of the public. 日本地震引起了公众的极大关注。 ②The company is starting a new advertising campaign to attract new customers to its stores.这家公司发起了新一轮广告活动来吸引新的顾客到其商店来。 ③Attracted_by_the_beauty_of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.被大自然的美所吸引，来自伦敦的小女孩决定再在农场住两天。 ④This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to. 这是我到过的最迷人的地方之一。 2convenience　n．便利，方便；便利的事物；便利设施 (教材P10)England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大体上分成三个区。