(3)It is＋p.p.(said，believed，known，recorded，estimated，announced，expected...)＋that-clause(谓语形式用陈述语气),(4)It＋vi.(seem，occur，happen...)＋that-clause(谓语形式用陈述语气) ①There are few clouds in the sky.It is clear that the weather will soon turn out fine. 天上几乎没有什么云彩了,很显然天气很快就要转晴. ②John works very hard.It_is_quite_possible_that he will pass the College Entrance Exam next month. 约翰学习非常刻苦,他通过下月的大学入学考试是完全可能的. 2(教材P12)But I still find_it_hard_to_imagine. 但我还是觉得令人难以想像.
【句法分析】本句型中的it是形式宾 语，指代后面的不定式to imagine，而形容词hard在句中则为宾语补足语。在“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”句式中，find的含义为“发现，觉得”或“发现……处于某种状态”，其常见结构有： (1)find＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短 语；(2)find＋宾语＋现在分词(现在分词与宾语是主谓关系或表示动作的进行或持续)； (3)find＋宾语＋过去分词(过去分词与宾语是动宾关系或表示动作的完成)； (4)find＋宾语＋名词(名词与宾语是系表关系)。 ①(牛津P754)You may find your illness hard to accept. 你可能觉得难以相信自己患病. ②(牛津P754)She woke up and found_herself_in_a_hospital_bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的病床上. ③Peter,who was usually shy,found himself talking to the girls.彼得通常很害羞,却发现自己不知不觉已在跟女孩子们说话. ④I found_my_vase_broken on the ground. 我发现我的花瓶碎在了地上. 3(教材P14)In 1985,the New Zealand government made_the_whole_country_a_nuclear-free_zone... 在1985年,新西兰政府使全国成为无核区域…… 【句法分析】“make＋宾语＋宾补”这一句式结构中make为使役动词，常构成如下结构： ①In 1949,they made Beijing the capital of New China. 在1949年,北京成为新中国的首都. ②Can you make_it_suitable for children? 你能不能使它更适合孩子？ 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．这消息使她高兴. The news_______________________。 made/makes her happy 2．她说的笑话把我们都逗乐了. Her jokes________________all_________. 3．你能用英语把意思表达清楚吗？ Can you _______________________in English? made/make us laugh make yourself understood Ⅱ.单项填空 1．So difficult did I find ________ to work out the problem that I decided to ask my partner for help. A．myself
B．us C．that
D．it 解析：选D.考查“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构.本句是so引导的倒装句,可还原为：I found it so difficult to work out the problem that I decided to ask my partner for help.根据句子结构可推知用it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语to work out the problem. 2．________ disappeared as time went on that he was afraid of climbing high mountains. A．It
B．That C．What
D．Which 解析：选A.考查it作形式主语.句意：随着时间的推移,他对爬高山的恐惧感消失了.首先忽略as time went on这一时间状语,就会发现that从句是真正的主语.而四个选项中只有it可作形式主语. 3．When he came to life,he found himself________to a tree,with his mouth filled with a towel. A．to tie
B．tying C．being tied
D．tied 解析：选D.句意：当他醒来时他发现自己被捆在树上,嘴里塞了一条毛巾. himself与tie之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语. 4．________is difficult to imagine his accepting the decision without any consideration. A．It
B．That C．What
D．Which 解析：选A.考查it作形式主语.句意：很难想像他会不假思索地就接受了这个决定.it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式：to imagine his accepting.... 温馨提示 请做课时作业 必修二 Unit 4 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 解析：选C.考查同位语从句的引导词.句意：你同意后天我们举办一个晚会的建议吗？从句意看,suggestion后面的从句为同位语从句,且语意完整,故用that引导,that在名词性从句中没有任何意 义,只起连接作用. 7．After I waited for a very long time, the manager made a phone call to me yesterday ________ me a good job at last. A．giving
B．providing C．supplying
D．offering 解析：选D.句意：我等了很长时间之 后,昨天那位经理给我打来电话,最终提供给我一份不错的工作.offer“提供”符合句意和结构,B、C两项的句式结构不对,A项含义不对. 8．Most of us know we should cut down on fat,but knowing such things isn’t much help when it________shopping and eating. A．refers to
B．speaks of C．focuses on
D．comes to 解析：选D.refer to查阅,提到;speak of谈及,说到;focus on集中于;come to意为“达到,涉及”,符合句意.
短语细解 11hang on 别挂断(电话);紧握不放 (教材P11)Just hang_on a second. 稍等,别挂断. 归纳拓展 ①The line is busy.Would you like to hang on? 电话有人在打.请别挂断好吗？ ②I can’t hang_about —the boss wants to see me. 我可不能磨磨蹭蹭了——老板要见我. ③She stopped hanging_about and did something useful. 她不再闲逛,而是做了些有益的工作.
12get in touch(with) (与……)取得联系 (教材P11)Get_in_touch. 取得联系.
归纳拓展 ①It is very difficult to get in touch with those old friends overseas.与海外的那些老友取得联系是很困难的. ②Have you kept/been_in_touch_with your family? 你跟你家人保持联系吗？ ③Are you still in touch with your friends from college? 你和大学的同学还有联系吗？ ④We’ve been out_of_touch_with Roger for years now. 我们至今已有数年未与罗杰来往了. ⑤Albert stayed in Lancashire and I lost_touch_with him. 艾伯特住在兰开夏,我和他失去了联系. 13be up to 从事,正在干……事;由……决定 (教材P11)What are you up_to this weekend,John? 约翰,这个周末你打算做什么？ 归纳拓展 ①John was dismissed because he wasn’t up to his work. 约翰被解雇了,因为他不能胜任自己的工作. ②It’s not up_to you to tell me how to do my job. 还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的工作. ③Her latest book isn’t up_to her usual standard. 她的新作没有达到她平常的水准. 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 come true，be known as，be up to，get in touch，be likely to 1.Winning the medal was like a dream________________. 2．Ba Jin________________a writer. 3．The children are very quiet;I wonder what they________________. coming true is known as are up to 4．In order to________________with his teammates,Mr.King had tried out various ways. 5．Tickets________________be expensive. get in touch are likely to Ⅱ.单项填空 1．How could you________each other again when you were separated? A．get in touch with
B．be in touch with C．keep in touch with
D．communicate 解析：选A.根据句意“你们分开后是怎样又联系上的”可知,强调的是无联系到联系的动作,所以选A.communicate和with连用. 2．The driver started to speed up to________for the hour he had lost in the traffic jam. A．keep up
B．take up C．make up
D．catch up 解析：选C.keep up保持;take up从事,拿起;make up for弥补;catch up跟上.句意：这位司机开始加快速度,以此来弥补在交通堵塞中浪费掉的时间.A、B、D三项不与介词for搭配,因此选C项.
3．—Hello,may I speak to Mr.Li,please? —________,please.He’s coming. A．Speaking
B．Hang on C．OK
D．Yes 解析：选B.根据“He’s coming”可知,是要对方“别挂断电话,等一下”,故B项正确. 4．We have had a wonderful plan,and the next step is to make it come ________. A．out
B．on C．truly
D．true 解析：选D.根据后句句意“下一步就是要把它变为现实”可知,come true正确,C项truly为副词,句中come为连系动词,其后要跟形容词作表语.A、B两项含义不对.
句型巧析 1(教材P8)．..,“it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.” ……,“很显然,我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长.” 【句法分析】句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，在主语从句中，that不作句子成分，但不可以省略，主语从句常用it作形式主语，当然也可以将从句置于句首直接作主语。it替代后面that引导的从句作形式主语的句式有： (1)It is＋adj.(clear，apparent,obvious，possible，probable，likely，certain，natural...)＋that-clause(谓语形式用陈述语气) (2)It is ＋n.(a pity，shame，one’s duty，no use，no good，no wonder，no surprise...)＋that-clause(谓语形式用陈述语气) 归纳拓展 辨析
settle,solve settle 着重指解决某种争端,常接：matter,argument,conflict,issue,disagreement,affair,quarrel等词. solve 侧重给出解决办法(solution),常接：problem,difficulty,puzzle,mystery等词. ①(朗文P2095)We hope the factions will be able to settle their differences by peaceful means. 我们希望各派系能用和平的方式来解决分歧.
②(牛津P1825)They finally settled_down_to a discussion of the main issues.他们终于开始讨论一些主要问题了. ③That settles the matter.事情就那样解决了.
④She tried to solve a crossword puzzle. 她尽力解答一道纵横字谜.
9view n．风景;视野;观点 (教材P14)In the city,you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower... 在这个城市,从天空宝塔上你可以欣赏得到令人惊异的景色……
归纳拓展 ①(朗文P1715)The only view from my bedroom window is some factory chimneys. 从我卧室的窗户看到的惟一的景色是一些工厂的烟囱. ②A big red ship came_into our view. 一艘红色的巨轮出现在我们的视野中. ③In_view_of the weather,we canceled the outing. 由于天气的原因,我们取消了此次郊游. 辨析 view,scene,scenery,sight view 指从远处或高处所见的“风景、景色”. scene 指局部的风景(其中可包含人物和动作),还可指戏剧、舞台上的局部“场景”,事情发生的“现场”. scenery 指一个地方的“总的风景”,也可指舞台上的“全部场景”. sight 指视力所及的“景观、情景”,也可指人文景观,常用复数. 助 记
10average adj.平均的;一般的,普通的 n．平均数 (教材P14)It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine—the average temperature in January(summer)is 23.4 ℃and in July(winter)it is 7.8 ℃. 这里气候温暖阳光充足：一月份(夏天)的平均气温是23.4摄氏度,在七月(冬天)是7.8摄氏度. 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考课标全国卷)The average height of the population has been increasing. 人口的平均高度已经有所增加. ②On_average,it is one or two times every month that the terrorists attack the city. 一般情况下,恐怖分子每月袭击该市一到两次.
③An average of 10,000 yuan a year should be spent on repairing the building. 每年平均有一万元花在维修大楼上. ④I’d say he was of_average_height. 我或许可以说他是中等身材. 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.品句填词 1．There was an unexpected explosion in our street,but our building wasn’t________________(受损)at all. harmed/damaged 2．The__________(气候)of the world is especially unusual this year. 3．I have been__________(拒绝)by all the universities I applied to. 4．He fell into the water,much to the_______________(娱乐)of the children. climate rejected entertainment 5．Lao Yang’s__________(建议)is that we turn the land into rice fields. 6．The great increase in__________(旅游业)in recent years has resulted in the construction of many hotels.
suggestion tourism 7．The university sent an e-mail to the chemist for those__________(科学的) materials. 8．The children have made__________ (安排)for the Christmas party. scientific arrangements 9．The tourists from France felt surprised at the__________(吸引力)of the Huangshan Mountain. 10．The police arrested the__________ (罪犯)in
an abandoned factory.
attraction criminal(s) Ⅱ.单项填空 1．The government________the diplomatic note from Japan for its unclear attitude to the trade between the two countries. A．deniedB．refused C．rejected
D．objected
解析：选C.句意：由于日本在两国间的贸易问题上态度不明确,该政府拒绝接受与日本的外交照会.deny“否认,否定”;reject“拒绝,不接受”;refuse指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等,为普通用语. object“反对,不赞成”,应与介词to搭配. 2．To her disappointment,what she had devoted herself to________in nothing but failure. A．resulting
B．results C．has resulted
D．resulted 解析：选D.考查时态.句意：使她失望的是,她专心做的事情没有什么结果,只有失败.what she had devoted herself to是主语从句,根据had devoted,可知result应用一般过去式. 3．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult,but he is________to smile and reach out to another baby. A．probable
B．possible C．maybe
D．likely 解析：选D.考查形容词词义辨析.句意:婴儿可能会怕不熟悉的成年人,但他可能会对别的婴儿微笑并伸手.这几个词都有“可能的”的意思,但只有likely作表语时,既可以用人也可以用物作主语,A、B两项只能用物作主语;而maybe常用作副词,一般不作表语. 4．—Can I help you,sir? —I’d like a sandwich and a cold cola.How much do you________？ A．offer
B．charge C．afford
D．spend 解析：选B.答语后句句意：你收多少 钱？charge收取(费用);offer提供;afford买得起;spend花费. 5．We________his idea for a music club,and decided to have an art club instead. A．accepted B．disagreed C．rejected
D．agreed 解析：选C.accept接受;disagree不同意;agree同意,disagree/agree后接宾语时要与介词to/with/on搭配;reject拒绝.根据后半句“决定举办美术俱乐部”可知,应该是“否决”了办音乐俱乐部的建议. 6．Do you agree to the suggestion ________we have a party the day after tomorrow? A．which
B．where C．that
D．when ①(朗文P1802)Young drivers are far more likely to have accidents than the older drivers. 年轻司机比老司机更有可能发生交通事故. 辨析 probable,possible,likely (1) 三个词均可用It is...that...结构. (2) 只有likely可以用人作主语. (3) possible和likely后可接不定式,而probable不与不定式连用. (4) 三个词均表示“可能的”,但likely和probable所表示的可能性大,possible表示的可能性小. 助 记
②(朗文P1773)You need to look at the possible consequences of your actions. 你需要留意你的行为带来的可能后果. ③(牛津P1577)It is probable that the disease has a genetic element.该疾病很有可能有遗传因素. ④(2011·高考湖北卷)When one wolf starts to howl,very likely others will follow. 当一匹狼嚎叫时,其它的狼很可能也跟着嚎叫.
2affect vt.影响;(疾病等)侵袭 (教材P8)Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives. 彼得·泰勒发现了计算机和互联网将如何影响我们的生活. 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考天津卷)Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply. 想想对你产生深远影响的电影、书籍、老师和朋友. ②The south of the country was worst affected_by the drought.该国南方旱情最严重. ③He was_affected_by cold last night.他昨晚着凉了. 3attack vt.&n.攻击,袭击;(病等)侵袭,发作 (教材P8)In the future,terrorists may “attack” the world’s computers,cause chaos,and make planes and trains crash. 在将来,恐怖分子有可能袭击全球的电脑,导致混乱并使飞机、火车相撞.
归纳拓展 ①It was said that the flu first attacked Mexico. 据说这次流感最先侵袭的是墨西哥. ②We made_an_attack_on the enemy at midnight. 午夜时分我们向敌人发起进攻. 4offer n．&vt.提供,供应 (教材P8)Already,users can buy books,find out about holiday offers,book tickets,and get all sorts of information from the Internet. 使用者已经能够从网上购书,查到度假信息,预订(车)机票甚至获得所有类型的信息. 归纳拓展 辨析offer,provide,supply offer 强调主动性,即主动向别人提出或给予.常见搭配：offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.. provide 指出于某种责任向别人提供必需品,尤指生活用品,不强调主动性.常见搭配：provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.. supply 指“供应、供给”,对象是国家、群众、工厂、城市、市场等,供应品主要是生产资料或生活资料等.常见搭配：supply sb.with sth.＝supply sth.to sb.. ①(朗文P1040)They’ve offered us ￡60,000 for the house. Shall we take it? 他们为那房子支付给我们￡60,000,我们接受吗？ ②(牛津P1595)We are here to provide a service for the public.我们在这里为公众服务. ③(牛津P2029)Foreign governments supplied arms to the rebels. ＝Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms. 外国政府为叛乱者提供武器. 5reject vt.拒绝,不接受;抛开,丢掉 n．被拒绝或抛弃的人或物 (教材P11)Reject suggestions 反对建议
归纳拓展 ①My cousin tried to join the army but was rejected. 我的堂兄试图参军,但没有被接受. ②After the transplant his body rejected the new heart. 在移植手术后,他的身体对移植的心脏产生排斥反应. ③I rejected the rotten oranges.我把腐烂的橘子扔掉了。 辨析 decline,refuse,reject decline 指委婉、有礼貌地谢绝. refuse 普通用语,指坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝. reject 指以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝. 6fancy vt.想要做;幻想 n.想象,设想;喜欢,爱好 (教材P11)And do you fancy going to the dance on Saturday night？ 在星期六晚上你想跳舞吗？
归纳拓展 ①(牛津P725)She didn’t fancy the idea of going home in the dark.她不喜欢黑夜回家这个主意. ②(朗文P793)Sorry,but I don’t fancy_going out tonight. 对不起,今晚我不想出去. ③I have_a sudden fancy_for that pink hat. 我突然喜欢上了那顶粉红色帽子.
7suggestion n．建议;提议 (教材P11)Make suggestions 提供建议 归纳拓展 ①I suggest you going in my car.我建议你坐我的车去. ②It_has_been_suggested_that bright children should take their exams early.有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试. ③It was a magazine article that suggested the idea to me. 是杂志上的一篇文章使我产生这个想法的. ④They turned down our suggestion about what to do today.他们拒绝了我们关于今天做什么的建议. ⑤(2011·高考上海春招)They produced two reports,neither of which contained any useful suggestions. 他们弄了两个报告,没有一个能提供有用的建议.
8settle vi.定居 vt.解决 (教材P14)The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area. 这个城市的历史要追溯到650年前,当时毛利人定居在这个地区.
栏目导引 基础盘点?自测自评 考点串讲?讲练互动 必修二 Unit 4 Cyberspace——网络空间 必修二 1．as,though,although引导让步状语从句 Although/Though I’m young,I already know what career I want to follow.→Young as/though I am, 句型公式?妙笔生花 I already know what career I want to follow.我虽然年轻,但我已经明白我应该追求什么样的事业. Although he tried,he couldn’t solve the problem.→Try as he did,he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他努力了,但是他没有解决问题. 2．...before...“没来得及……就……” To my great disappointment,my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 让我非常失望的是,我还没来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼,她就已经离开了. 3．...before...“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……” The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. 工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常. 4．It was＋时间段＋before...“过了多久才……”/It was not long before...“不久就……” It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险. 5．It will(not)be＋时间段＋before...“要过多久(不久)……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态) It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.再过半年你才能毕业.
基础盘点?自测自评 核心单词 1．____________adj.人造的 2．____________n．真实,现实 3．____________vt.&n.进攻,攻击 4．____________vt.&n.提供,提议 5．____________n．娱乐,款待 答案：1.artificial 2.reality 3.attack 4.offer 5．entertainment 6.fashion 7.reject 8.destination
artificial reality attack offer entertainment 6．____________n．时髦,时尚 7．____________vt.拒绝,不接受 8．____________n．目的地 9．____________n．风景,景色 10．____________vt.影响→____________n．影响,效果 fashion reject destination scenery affect appear 11．____________vi.消失→____________vi.出现 12．____________n．毁灭→____________vt.毁坏 13．____________n．建议,提议→suggest vt.建议,提议 disappear effect destruction destroy suggestion 14．Robbery is a ____________ (犯罪的)act,so no one wants to commit the high____________(犯罪) 15．The city of Qu Fu is____________ (吸引人的)and it___________(吸引) thousands of visitors every year. criminal crime attractive attracts 16．He____________(安排)for us to live in a comfortable hotel and the____________(安排)made all of us satisfied. arranged arrangement 高频短语 1．________________编造,构成 2．________________实现 3．________________好像,仿佛 4．________________和……取得联系 5．________________(电话用语)别挂断 6．________________做,从事于 make up come true as if get in touch with hang on be up to 7．________________本人,亲身 8．________________也,又 9．________________作为……而出名 10．________________采取行动 11．________________而且,况且 12．________________接收,接管 13．________________由……组成 14．________________切掉,切断 in the flesh as well as be known as take action what’s more take over consist of cut off 典型句式 1．It is ＋adj.＋that-clause主语从句用形式主语it指代 __________________________________(很清楚,很显然)we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet. It is clear that 2．What’s ...up to？此句型常用在口语中问某人在做什么 —Hi Cathy.____________________________ (你打算做什么)this weekend? —Don’t ask,Tom.I have lots of work to do.
What are you up to
3．have sth.done过去分词作宾语补足语 Do you________________________________(有什么安排/计划)for Saturday and Sunday? have anything planned 4．not only...but also不但……而且 We would____________________________________________(不但能够周游世界,而且)go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to.
not only be able to travel around the world,but also 5．more than...比……多 Auckland is called “the city of sails” because it has ____________________________(船比任何地方都多)in the world.
more boats than anywhere else 单元语法 will 和be going to;真实和虚拟条件句 1．On many occasions,it is the parents who________for the spoiled children. A．are to blame B．are going to blame C．are to be blamed
D．should blame
解析：选A.此处说明一般情况,应用一般现在时态,而不用将来时.另外,be to blame是be to do的特殊用法,主动形式表达被动意义,不表示将来.若选D项则应用should be blamed. 2．—When will you come to see me,Dad? —I will go to see you when you________the training course. A．will have finished
B．will finish C．are finishing
D．finish 解析：选D.在when引导的时间状语从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时. 3．It________long before we________ the result of the experiment. A．will not be;will know
B．is;will know C．will not be;know
D．is;know 解析：选C.句意：我们将在不久知道试验的结果.此处应用一般将来时,It will not be long是主句,表示不久,而在before引导的时间状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来.
4．—What are you going to do this afternoon? —I’m going to the cinema with some friends.The film ________ quite early,so we________to the bookstore after that. A．finished;are
going
B．finished;go C．finishes;are going
D．finishes;go
解析：选C.由问句“今天下午你要做什么？”中的be going to do结构可知动作还没发生,而“电影结束得早”是由电影本身的时间长短决定,与人的主观意志无关,所以应用一般现在时;“电影结束 后,我们要去书店”,是“我们”的主观打 算,所以应用be going to.
5．If you________tomorrow,we would have the meeting. A．come
B．will come C．are to come
D．came
解析：选D.主句中用了would have表示虚拟语气,故从句应用虚拟条件句,表示与将来情况相反应用过去时.
考点串讲?讲练互动 单词精研 1likely adj.有可能的,有希望的 adv.或许,很可能 (教材P4)In a book with lots of pictures and charts,I am likely to... 对于一本有许多图画和图表的书,我很可能……