Ⅰ.品句填词
1．If you do wrong，you ____________(应受)severe punishment.
答案：deserve
2．His ____________(个性)left a deep impression on us.
答案：personality
3．India gained ____________(独立)from Britain in 1947.
答案：independence
4．I’m so ____________(感激的)to you for helping me.
答案：grateful
5．He ____________(瞥一眼)at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
答案：glanced
6．Comrade Lei Feng ____________(奉献) all to people，and he set a nice example for us.
答案：devoted
7．The ancients were ____________(误解) in their belief that the earth was flat.
答案：mistaken
8．____________(判断) from his appearance，he comes from the north.
答案：Judging
9．To the teacher’s great ____________(满足)，all his students passed the exam.
答案：satisfaction
10．____________(面部的) expressions and gestures carry meaning that depends on situations and relationships.
答案：Facial
.完成句子
1．正是他被指控偷钱。
________ ________ he ________ ________ ________ ________ stealing money.
答案：It is；that was accused of
2．我越想到他的粗鲁就越生气。
________ ________ I thought of his rudeness，________ ________ I became.
答案：The more；the angrier
3．如果有可能，我会在钱的方面尽力帮你的。
________ ________，I’ll try my best to help you ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：If possible；in terms of money
4．如果他没有把钱用来帮助穷人的话，他已经成为百万富翁了。
If he ________ ________ all his money ________ ________ the poor，he ________ ________ ________ a millionaire.
答案：hadn’t devoted；to helping；would have become
5．如果你不专心学习的话，你在下次考试时会不及格的。
If you don’t ________ ________ your study，you’ll ________ ________ ________ in the coming exam.
答案：concentrate on；end up failing
.易错模块
1．Was it at the end of the exploration ________ you discovered the evidence ________ the monsters used to exist in the lake?
A．which；which B．that；that
C．where；that
D．that；which
解析：选B。考查强调句型和名词性从句。前面的that属于强调句型中的连词，强调句中的状语at the end of the exploration。后面的that引导一个同位语从句，表示evidence的具体内容。
2．—This result shows that people prefer faces ________ appear to them and ________ attraction is not simply about physical beauty.
—I can’t agree more.
A．that；that
B．which；which
C．what；what
D．that；which
解析：选A。考查从句在具体语境中的用法。第一空的that为关系代词，修饰先行词faces，在从句中作主语；第二空的that引导一个宾语从句，与and前面的“that people prefer faces”这个宾语从句并列，共同作shows的宾语。
3．I have learned from my bitter experience ________we don’t know ________ we’ve got until it’s gone.
A．that；that
B．what；what
C．that；what
D．which；that
解析：选C。考查名词性从句。第一空后为learned的宾语从句，句子成分完整，应填连接词that；第二空后为know的宾语从句，we’ve got后面缺少宾语，应填what。
4．The question was put forward at the meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.
A．that
B．what
C．which
D．whether
解析：选D。考查名词性从句。同位语从句whether we had enough money for our research是question的具体内容。
.语法专练
本单元语法——过去分词和情态动词表推测
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Please remain ________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.
答案：seated
2．The first textbook ________(write)for teaching English came out in the 16th century.
答案：written
3．________(drive)by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more greenhouses.
答案：Driven
4．—She looks very happy.She must ________ ________(pass)the exam.
—I guess so.It’s not difficult at all.
答案：have passed
5．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who could ________ ________(take)it?
答案：have taken
单项填空
6．(2011·高考江苏卷)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ________ it.
A．will have stolen
B．might have stolen
C．should have stolen
D．must have stolen
解析：选B。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。
7．—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ________ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.
A．mustn’t
B．won’t
C．can’t
D．needn’t
解析：选C。can’t表示否定推测，must表示肯定推测。
8．—Hi，Tom.Any idea where Jane is?
—She________in the classroom.I saw her there just now.
A．shall be
B．should have been
C．must be
D．might have been
解析：选C。句意：——嗨，Tom，你知道Jane在哪儿吗？——她肯定在教室里。我刚才在那儿看到她了。从对话中可以看出该空是对现在情况的肯定的猜测。
9．(2011·杭州教学检测)Michael knew he would certainly get ________ if he was late home.
A．shout at
B．to shout at
C．shouted at
D．to be shouted at
解析：选C。句意：迈克尔知道如果他回家晚肯定会遭到指责的。故用“get＋过去分词”结构。
10．(2016·合肥教学检测)The interview he paid little attention to ________ him the chance to work in this company.
A．being cost
B．be cost
C．costing
D．cost
解析：选D。interview后省略了关系代词that，that在定语从句中作paid little attention to的宾语，所以主句缺少谓语动词，故选D。
11．We spent 16 glorious days in August,2008 ________ the athletes’ joys and tears，and we were amazed at their ability.
A．shared
B．to share
C．sharing
D．share
解析：选C。分词sharing作状语表伴随。
12．Blamed for breaking my promise，I felt my face ________ hot，and hung my head in shame.
A．to grow
B．to be growing
C．grown
D．grow
解析：选D。句意：“我”因未能信守诺言而被责备，因此感到脸发烫，羞愧地垂下头。feel sb./sth.do sth.，宾语补足语用动词原形。
13．________ with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.
A．Faced
B．Face
C．Facing
D．To face
解析：选A。face with常用被动语态：使面对(问题、不愉快局面等)，使面临。如：You are faced with a choice.你面临抉择。空处后如没有with，则应用facing。
14．________ automatically，the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A．Mailed out
B．Mailing out
C．To be mailed out
D．Having mailed out
解析：选A。由上下文逻辑可知，the e-mail与mail out之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用过去分词。
15．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but ________ our work，we turned down the offer.
A．not finished
B．not having finished
C．finished
D．having finished
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。动词finish的逻辑主语是we，它是动作的执行者，所以应用主动形式，排除选项A和C；再依据句中的turned down the offer可知，该处应指工作没有完成，所以答案为B。分词短语在此作状语，相当于状语从句because we hadn’t finished our work。
A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2016·吉林省实验中学模拟)To the great________of the citizens，no one else was infected with A(H1N1) except the 12 confirmed cases.
A．relaxationB．disappointment
C．relief
D．surprise
解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：令市民欣慰的是，除了那12个甲流确诊病例外没有其他人再受感染。to one’s great relief＝to the great relief of sb.令某人感到欣慰的是。
2．(2016·北京市丰台区高三模拟)—Henry has been teaching English in Peking University for many years.
—It’s no________he can speak Chinese so well and idiomatically.
A．matter
B．doubt
C．problem
D．wonder
解析：选D。考查句型习惯搭配。答句句意：——难怪他汉语说得那么好那么地道。It’s no wonder that难怪，……不足为奇。There is no doubt that...无疑……；no problem没问题；It doesn’t matter没关系。故D项为正确答案。
3．The manager________one of the hotel servants of stealing the money.
A．scolded
B．complained
C．accused
D．charged
解析：选C。考查动词用法辨析。句意：经理控告有一位旅馆服务员偷钱。scold sb.for...因……批评某人；complain抱怨；accuse sb.of...指控某人某事；charge...with...因……控告某人。
4．—I’m so sorry for breaking the plate，Mom.
—It doesn’t matter.________ careful next time.
A．Being
B．Do be
C．Do
D．To be
解析：选B。考查祈使句的强调句，要强调祈使句中的谓语动词，只需在其前加do即可。意为“下次务必小心。”
5．The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not made American auto workers lose their jobs as some experts________.
A．deserved
B．predicted
C．preserved
D．prohibited
解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：大量低廉的国外汽车没有像一些专家预言的那样使美国汽车工人失业。deserve“值得”；preserve“保留”；prohibit“禁止”；predict“预言，预告”；故B项符合题意。
6．One way to understand thousands of new words is to________a good knowledge of basic word formation.
A．gain
B．reflect
C．control
D．exaggerate
解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：理解成千上万个新单词的方法之一是掌握单词的基本组成形式。gain“获得，得到”；reflect“反射，表现”；control“控制”；exaggerate“夸大”。
7．They________that the books be returned to the school library at once.
A．hoped
B．wished
C．permitted
D．demanded
解析：选D。后面that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词为be returned，故前面省去了should，只有demand后宾语从句有此用法。
8．—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
—No，it________be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A．can’t
B．must not
C．won’t
D．may not
解析：选A。考查情态动词表示推测的用法。根据破折号后的说明可知前面应该是语气非常肯定的否定推测，应用can’t。
9．Helen had to shout ________above the sound of the music.
A．making herself hear
B．to make herself hear
C．making herself heard
D．to make herself heard
解析：选D。考查非谓语动词的用法。to make为动词不定式表示目的，而后面用heard作herself的宾语补足语，它们之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词。
10．It’s OK to leave an electrical instrument on so long as you are using it，________，turn it off!
A．if not
B．if possible
C．if so
D．if any
解析：选A。考查省略结构辨析。if not意为“如果不”；if possible意为“如果可能的话”；if so意为“如果这样的话”；if any意为“如果有的话”。句意：只要你在用，可以把电器开着。如果不用的话，就把它关掉。
11．As the medicine took________，the patient became quieter.
A．force
B．power
C．effect
D．part
解析：选C。force“武力，势力”；power“动力，权力”；part“地区，角色”；effect“效果，作用，影响”；take effect“生效，起作用”。
12．—It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right.________.
A．Many hands make light work
B．Something is better than nothing
C．The more，the merrier
D．The sooner begun，the sooner done
解析：选A。句意：——如果我们在聚会后都自愿帮忙的话，那清理工作应该不会花很长时间。——是的，人多活儿轻嘛。B项“聊胜于无”；C项“多多益善”；D项“速战速决”。
13．(2011·西安八校联考)Mary rushed home________she heard the news，only________that her daughter was gone.
A．as soon as；finding
B．immediately；to find
C．the moment；find
D．when；found
解析：选B。前一空用as soon as，immediately，the moment和when都可引导状语从句，但后一空在only后应用动词不定式充当状语，表示出乎意料的结果。
14．The manager was rushing to the airport so he ________the report the secretary had typed.
A．got through
B．glanced through
C．saw through
D．carried through
解析：选B。句意：经理要急于去飞机场，所以他粗略地浏览了秘书送来的报告。get through完成；通过； glance through浏览；粗略地看；see through看穿；识破。根据rushing可知，答案为B。
15．—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh，dear！She________a lot of difficulties!
A．may go through
B．might go through
C．ought to have gone through
D．must have gone through
解析：选D。考查“情态动词＋have done”结构的用法。表示对过去情况的推测应用“情态动词＋have done”结构，根据语境可知说话人所表示的是“她一定克服了许多困难”，故用 must have done。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Words：293 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：16分钟
One day，not too long ago，the employees of a large company in St.Louis，Missouri returned from their lunch break and were greeted with a sign on the front door.The sign said，“Yesterday the person who had been hindering(阻碍)your __1__ in this company passed away.We __2__ you to join the funeral in the room that has been __3__ in the gym.”
At first everyone was sad to __4__ that one of their colleagues had died，__5__ after a while they started getting __6__ about who this person might be.
The excitement __7__ as the employees arrived at the gym to pay their last __8__.Everyone wondered，“Who is this person that was hindering my growth? Well，__9__ he’s no longer here！”
One by one the __10__ got closer to the coffin(棺材)and when they looked inside it，they __11__ became speechless.They stood over the coffin，__12__ into silence，as if someone had __13__ the deepest part of their soul.
There was a mirror inside the coffin—everyone who looked inside it could see himself.There was also a __14__ next to the mirror that __15__，“There is only one person who is capable to__16__limits to your growth：it is YOU.”
You are the only person who can revolutionize your __17__.You are the only person who can__18__your happiness，realization and success.You are the only person who can help yourself.Your life does not change when your boss changes，your friends change，your parents change，your partner changes or your company changes.Your life changes when YOU change，when you go__19__your limiting beliefs and when you realize that you are the only one__20__for your life.
1. A．abilityB．progress
C．talent
D．practice
解析：选B。根据第三段中的“Who is this person that was hindering my growth？”可知是“进步；成长”。
2. A．beg
B．allow
C．invite
D．advise
解析：选C。既然是让员工参加同事的葬礼，应该是“邀请”。
3. A．started
B．prepared
C．opened
D．created
解析：选B。葬礼是在体育馆中“准备”的。
4. A．learn
B．observe
C．notice
D．find
解析：选A。起初，每个人“得知”其中一个同事逝世后都非常伤心。
5. A．for
B．or
C．so
D．but
解析：选D。本句的前半部分提到众人十分难过，后半句的意思是大家想知道这个人是谁，由此可知前后部分的内容发生了转折。
6. A．angry
B．sorry
C．curious
D．nervous
解析：选C。由于众人不知道是谁的葬礼，因此非常“好奇”，想知道究竟是谁。
7. A．grew
B．appeared
C．improved
D．developed
解析：选A。当员工到达体育馆向死者告别时，更加难以抑制内心的激动，迫切想知道死者究竟是谁，此处grow表示“增加”。
8. A．sights
B．attentions
C．appreciations
D．respects
解析：选D。参加葬礼的人前来悼念，以示“尊重”。
9．A.at least
B．in fact
C．at once
D．in general
解析：选A。众人想知道究竟是谁阻碍了自己的发展，同时也感到庆幸，“至少”此人已经不在人世。
10．A.employees
B．managers
C．friends
D．citizens
解析：选A。上文提到“员工”前去体育馆参加葬礼，由此可知是员工一个接一个地走近棺材并朝里面观看。
11. A．quickly
B．finally
C．obviously
D．suddenly
解析：选D。上文提到员工议论纷纷，想知道死者究竟是谁，此处则是他们鸦雀无声，显然强调的是“突然”的变化。
12. A．worried
B．depressed
C．shocked
D．embarrassed
解析：选C。他们本以为是参加某个同事的葬礼，未曾想到棺材中放置的竟然是一面镜子，自然无比“震惊”，目瞪口呆。
13. A．broken
B．touched
C．stolen
D．changed
解析：选B。众人默默地站在棺材旁边，呆若木鸡，似乎有人“触及”了他们的内心最深处。
14. A．letter
B．sign
C．mark
D．page
解析：选B。文章开头部分提到前门有一个“牌子”，再结合此处的also可判断B项正确。
15. A．told
B．warned
C．wrote
D．read
解析：选D。此处read表示“写着”。
16. A．set
B．take
C．put
D．get
解析：选A。只有一个人可以限制你的发展：那就是你。
17. A．business
B．heart
C．life
D．success
解析：选C。上述事例引发了作者的感慨，只有自己才可以彻底改变自己的“人生”。
18. A．realize
B．satisfy
C．influence
D．consider
解析：选C。上文提到的是阻碍自身的发展，由此可知此处用“影响”最恰当。
19. A．for
B．upon
C．over
D．beyond
解析：选D。上文提到别人的改变与自己的改变无关，只有自身改变时，自己的人生才能发生改变，而改变自己的人生需要突破信仰的束缚。表示“超出”。
20. A．reasonable
B．responsible
C．suitable
D．valuable
解析：选B。作者意在表明只有自己才可以改变自己，自己是唯一一个对自己人生“负责”的人，任何人无法取代。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Words：362 难度系数：★★ 建议用时：8分钟
In so many ways，cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world.People ask for information，play games，and share hobby tips.Others buy and sell products.Still others look for friendship，or even love.
Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with.They’re looking for serious love relationships.Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask.Some of these relationships actually succeed.Others end in tears.
Unlike the real world，however，your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen.Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace.Rather，a person’s thoughts or at least the thoughts they type are what really counts.So even the shyest person can become a chat room star.
Usually，this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems.Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies.In fact，this emphasis on the ideas themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation.Where else can so many people come together to chat?
Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to know how intelligent they are first.Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way.
But critics(批评者)of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace.Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them.Internet users can carefully choose their words to fit whatever image they want to give.And they don’t have to worry about what their “nonverbal” communication is doing for their image.In a sense，they’re not really themselves.All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace.But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship.With so many unknowns，it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”．This surely leads to disappointment when couples meet in person.How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person.
So，before looking for love in cyberspace，remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll，“Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.”
1．Which would the critics of online relationships most probably disagree to?
A．Nobody can truly know another person in cyberspace.
B．Internet users can choose words to create any image they like.
C．The Internet allows couples know how intelligent they are.
D．In a sense，Internet users are not really themselves.
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。从文章倒数第二段和倒数第三段的内容可知，批评者并不认为网络能让双方知道对方有多聪明。
2．Even the shyest person can become a chat room star because what really counts is a person’s ________.
A．nonverbal communication
B．thoughts typed on the screen
C．knowledge and appearance
D．identity shown in the chat
解析：选B。细节理解题。从文章第三段的最后两句可知，人们通过文字表达出来的思想才是最重要的，这样即使是很害羞的人也可以成为聊天室的明星。
3．The underlined word “This”(Paragraph 6) refers to ________.
A．having exciting conversations online
B．forming personal relationship in cyberspace
C．imagining online friends with so many unknowns
D．knowing a person in a love relationship
解析：选C。代词指代题。从画线词的前一句可知答案选C项。
4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards finding love in cyberspace?
A．Positive.B．Negative.
C．Interested.
D．Disinterested.
解析：选B。作者态度题。从最后一段作者的总结可推知，作者认为现实生活远比虚拟网络丰富得多，作者反对网恋。
B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
Words：280 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：15分钟
Two years ago，I donated my kidney (肾) to my brother.I considered it a complete life-changing experience，not only for the two of us
__1__
for the entire family.We ended up
__2__
from surgery (外科手术) at a friend’s home in Baton Rouge，LA.His
__3__
to us was unforgettable.We had received so many
__4__.We had gotten food donation from so many people who __5__
us something beyond physical comfort.
Now my brother is
__6__
on his feet.Last April he __7__
to give back to the community by raising
__8__
for the Medical Association through cycling 180 miles from Houston to Austin.I felt greatly moved，tears in eyes，__9__
that my kidney gave him a second chance in life and that he is now living beyond what he imagined
__10__
to be.Recently，our mother suffered from breast cancer.__11__
she was the one who took care of me and my brother，we wanted to do something in her __12__.My brother，my sister and I are going to
__13__
next year for the Cancer Society，__14__ my brother and I will be joining in the half marathon in honor of our mother and this will be our good __15__
to be kidney donation advocates as well.
We __16__
during the surgery that several thousands die from kidney diseases every year.Patients would be on the
__17__
list for kidney donation and end up in death because of the
__18__
of kidney donors.If my brother and I can
__19__
others to do the same thing I did，maybe more lives will be saved.__20__
only I had more kidneys，I would
do it again for other people.
【解题导语】 作者的哥哥生病时，他们一家得到了社会的关爱。身体恢复后，作者和他的家人以他们的实际行动来回报社会。
1．A.and B．but
C．so
D．or
解析：选B。考查not only...but(also)．..结构。这里指不仅仅是为了“我们”，而且是为了“我们”整个家庭。
2．A.rebuilding
B．reusing
C．recovering
D．reserving
解析：选C。“我们”住在一个朋友家里，身体恢复了(recover)。其他选项都不符合语意。
3．A.kindness
B．courage
C．power
D．manners
解析：选A。从上下文可知，朋友对“我们”非常好，他的友好(kindness)“我们”永远也忘不了。
4．A.friends
B．people
C．patients
D．doctors
解析：选B。从上下文可知，“我们”接待了很多人(people)，这其中有认识的和不认识的，所以不能选friends，也不一定是patients或者doctors，而是指不同的人，所以用people。
5．A.devoted
B．contributed
C．delivered
D．gave
解析：选D。这些人给了“我们”物质上的东西，也给了(give)“我们”远超过物质的安慰。
6．A.past
B．down
C．back
D．up
解析：选C。从上下文可知，此处表示“我哥哥身体已经恢复”。
7．A.decided
B．urged
C．demanded
D．insisted
解析：选A。从下文可知，“我”哥哥决定(decide)通过骑车180英里(从休斯敦到奥斯汀)来为医学联合会筹款(money)，从而回报社会。
8．A.strength
B．news
C．advantages
D．money
解析：选D。解析参见7题。
9．A.knowing
B．expecting
C．hoping
D．reporting
解析：选A。“我”被哥哥的这种行为深深感动，饱含泪水，“我”知道(know)“我”的肾给了他第二次生命，他现在过着的生活(life)远远超出他的想象。expect“期待”；hope“希望”；report“报道”，都不符合语意。
10．A.future
B．life
C．success
D．luck
解析：选B。解析参见第9题。
11．A.If
B．Though
C．Because
D．Before
解析：选C。从上下文可知，此处表示原因，所以用because。因为“我”的母亲是照顾“我”和哥哥的亲人，所以“我们”想做些事情以表示对她的敬意(in one’s honor)。
12．A.place
B．job
C．health
D．honor
解析：选D。固定词组in one’s honor表示“向……表示敬意”。其他选项都不符合语意。
13．A.run
B．study
C．cheer
D．fight
解析：选A。根据上下文语境可知此处应选A。
14．A.as
B．when
C．while
D．however
解析：选C。while在这里表示对比和参照，可解释为“与此同时”。
15．A.signal
B．pleasure
C．decision
D．chance
解析：选D。“我”和哥哥要参加半程马拉松比赛，这也是一次宣传捐肾活动的好机会(chance)。
16．A.figured out
B．found out
C．learned from
D．looked into
解析：选B。我们发现(find out)每年有成千上万人死于肾病。figure out表示“算出，想出”；learn from表示“从……学到”；look into表示“调查”。
17．A.working
B．waiting
C．sending
D．growing
解析：选B。从上下文可知，很多病人都排队等着(wait)有人来捐献肾脏，但是由于捐献者的缺乏(lack)，很多人不得不面对死亡。
18．A.delay
B．common
C．lack
D．help
解析：选C。解析参见17题。
19．A.encourage
B．support
C．order
D．affect
解析：选A。如果“我”和哥哥能够鼓励(encourage)别人像“我”一样(捐献肾脏的话)，也许会有更多的人获救。
20．A.But
B．Not
C．Just
D．If
解析：选D。if only表示“要是……就好了”，语意表示“要是我有更多的肾脏，我将会再一次捐献给别人”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Words：344 难度系数：★★★ 建议用时：8分钟
On May 23,1989，Stefania Follini came out from a cave at Carlsbad，New Mexico.She hadn’t seen the sun for eighteen and a half weeks.Stefania was in a research program，and the scientists in the program were studying body rhythms (节奏)．In this experiment Stefania
had spent 130 days in a cave,30 feet in depth.
During her time in the cave，Stefania had been completely alone except for two white mice.Her living place had been very comfortable，but
there had been nothing to tell her the time.She’d had no clocks or watches，no television or radio.There had been no natural light and the temperature had always been kept at 21 ℃.
The results were very interesting.Stefania had been in the cave for over four months，but she thought she had been there for only two.Her body clock had changed.She hadn’t kept to a 24-hour day，she had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours.She had eaten fewer meals and had lost 171bs in weight as a result! She had also become rather depressed (抑郁)．
How had she spent her time in the cave? As part of the experiment she’d done some physical and mental tests.She’d recorded her daily activities and the results of the tests on a computer.This computer had been specially programmed for the project.Whenever she was free，she’d played cards，read books and listened to music.She’d also learned French from tapes.
The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature.For example，the pattern of day and night makes us wake up and go to sleep.However，people are affected in different ways.Some people wake up naturally at 5∶00 a．m.，but others don’t start to wake up till 9∶00 or 10∶00 a．m..This affects the whole daily rhythm.As a result，the early risers are at their best in the late morning.The late risers，on the other hand，are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening!
【解题导语】 一位名叫Stefania Follini的女士参加了一个研究项目。她在一个深30英尺的洞穴里生活了130天，终日不见阳光，也没有计时工具。这项研究发现人体的生理节奏与光线和温度有关。
1．Stefania stayed in the cave for a long time because ________.
A．she was asked to do research on mice
B．she wanted to experience loneliness
C．she was the subject of a study
D．she needed to record her life
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章的第一段内容可知Stefania Follini作为研究对象参与了一项研究试验。故选C。
2．What is a cause for the change of Stefania’s body clock?
A．Eating fewer meals.
B．Having more hours of sleep.
C．Lacking physical exercise.
D．Getting no natural light.
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章的第二段最后两句和最后一段首句可知，无法计时和没有自然光使她的生理节奏产生了混乱。答案为D。
3．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A novel.
B．A news story.
C．A pet magazine.
D．A travel guide.
解析：选B。推理判断题。这篇文章为读者介绍了一项关于人体生理节奏的研究，应出现在报纸杂志等通俗读物上，故答案为B。
B
Words：395 难度系数：★★ 建议用时：7分钟
The United States government wants to know what the public thinks about its findings on the safety of cloned animals.
The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult cattle，pigs and goats are safe to eat.An FDA official called them “as safe to eat as the food we eat every day.” And when those clones reproduce sexually，the agency says，their offspring (后代) are safe to eat as well.But research on cloned sheep is limited.So the FDA proposes that sheep clones not be used for human food.
The United States this year could become the first country to agree to the sale of foods from cloned animals.First，however，the public will have ninety days to comment on three suggested documents.On December 28th the FDA released a long report，called a draft risk assessment，along with two policy documents.
The agency says it must receive comments by April second.The FDA seemed ready to act several years ago，but a committee called for more research.
For now，the government will continue to ask producers to honor a request that they not sell foods from cloned animals.
Clones are still rare.They cost a lot and are difficult to produce.
The FDA says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves，but from their sexually reproduced offspring.It says clones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.
Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals.But this research also shows the public knows little about cloning.
Cloning differs from genetic engineering.A cell taken from a so-called donor animal is grown into an embryo (胚胎) in the laboratory.Next，the embryo(胚胎) is placed into the uterus (子宫) of a female animal.If the process is successful，the pregnancy reaches full term and a genetic copy of the donor animal is born.
4．What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A．To tell an interesting story.
B．To give some advice on foods.
C．To give a report.
D．To compare different opinions.
解析：选C。主旨大意题。本篇文章是关于克隆食物的安全问题的报道。
5．Who believe that foods from cloning are safe to eat?
A．Most Americans.
B．An advisory committee.
C．Critics.
D．The FDA.
解析：选D。细节理解题。文章开头说，美国食品和药品管理局告诉公众，克隆动物制品可以安全食用，其后代也能安全食用。
6．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.
A．cloning has much in common with genetic
B．not every cell taken from a donor animal can grow into a genetic copy
C．the donor animal should be a female one
D．cloned animals grow faster than normal ones
解析：选B。推理判断题。最后一段说，“如果这个过程成功的话”，怀孕的动物的孕期就会自然成熟。由此判断选B，这个过程也有失败的时候。
7．Which of the following is true about foods from cloning?
A．They come from the sexually reproduced offspring of cloned animals.
B．The food from first-generation cloned animals is very expensive.
C．Only FDA has the right to sell the food.
D．They will be sold mixed with those from naturally bred animals.
解析：选A。推理判断题。第七段说，克隆动物的肉食不是来自克隆动物本身，而是来自有性繁殖的后代，克隆动物将被用做繁殖动物，以传递优良素质。