考点三 祈使句、感叹句 1．要特别注意"祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句"这一句型。 2．感叹句：在由what构成的感叹句中，what修饰的中心词是名词，其结构是：What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语；What＋(形容词)＋复数名词/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语。在由how构成的感叹句中，how修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，其结构是：How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语；How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语。 【情系考场】 7．________ways to be more gentle with the Earth，or we'll be punished. A．To find
B． Finding C．Found
D．Find 【情系考场】 8．________role she played in the film！No wonder she has won an Oscar. A．How interesting
B．How an interesting C．What interesting
D．What an interesting
考点四 倒装句 1．完全倒装 完全倒装是指当某一特定内容出现在句首时，将谓语动词直接提至主语之前构成的倒装。 (1)here，there，in，out，up，down，away等介词、副词放在句首时应使用完全倒装。但是使用完全倒装时应注意主语必须为名词，主语为代词时不能使用倒装句型。 (2)in front，in the distance，to the east of等地点状语放句首时应使用完全倒装。 2．部分倒装 部分倒装是指当某一特定内容出现在句首时，不能将谓语动词直接提至主语前面，而须在主语前加上助动词。 (1)hardly，scarcely，barely，little，never，seldom等否定副词出现在句首时应使用部分倒装。 (2)not until出现在句首时应使用部分倒装。 (3)hardly/scarcely...when，no sooner...than(一......就......)中hardly，scarcely，no sooner位于句首时主句应使用部分倒装结构。 (4)so(用于肯定句)，neither/nor(用于否定句)表示"也"，出现在句首时应使用部分倒装结构。 (5)only出现在句首修饰介词短语、副词和从句时应使用部分倒装结构；only修饰主语时不能使用倒装结构。 (6)not only...but also...连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，第一个分句倒装，第二个分句不倒装。其连接两个主语时不倒装。 (7)在so/such...that...结构中，当so/such出现在句首时应使用部分倒装结构。 【情系考场】 9．(2010年陕西卷)John opened the door.There________he had never seen before. A．a girl did stand
B．a girl stood C．did a girl stand
D．stood a girl 【情系考场】 10．(2010年重庆卷)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River________，one of the ten largest cities in China. A．lies Chongqing
B．Chongqing lies C．does lie Chongqing
D．does Chongqing lie
【情系考场】 11．(2010年江西卷)Not until he left his home ________to know how important the family was for him. A．did he begin
B．had he begun C．he began
D．he had begun 【情系考场】 12．-The singer together with her band________invited to the concert.Did you enjoy that part? -No，no sooner________than they sang their top hit Oh My Baby. A．was；I had left
B．were；I have gone C．was；had I left
D．were；did I leave 【情系考场】 13．-My room gets very cold at night. -________.
A．So is mine
B．So mine is C．So does mine
D．So mine does
【情系考场】 14．It was announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes. A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 【情系考场】 15．The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only________，but also students became more interested in the lessons. A．saved was teachers' energy B．was teachers' energy saved C．teachers' energy was saved D．was saved teachers' energy 【情系考场】 16．So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape. A．did the attack
B．the attack did C．was the attack
D．the attack was 考点五 省略与替代 1．状语从句中的省略现象：省略从句中的主语和be动词，只保留分词或不定式，此种情况适用于从句和主句的主语一致时；省略从句中的主语和be动词，保留从属连词及表语，此种情况适用于从句的主语是it时。 【情系考场】 17．________，the experiment is sure to succeed. A．If carefully doing
B．If it done carefully C．If carefully done
D．If it doing carefully 2．替代性省略： 1．________the end of the performance did the audience get the chance to take photos with the respectable actor. A．At
B．By C．Up to
D．Not until 解析：从句子中did the audience get the chance可知，此处是倒装语序，选项中只有D项Not until放在句首时句子才进行部分倒装，其他选项都没有该用法，由此选D项。 答案：D 2．Once upon a time there was a mountain，on the top of which________in which lived three monks. A．did a temple stand
B．stood a temple C．a temple stood
D．a temple did stand 3．Only under special circumstances________to take make－up tests. A．are freshmen permitted B．permitted are freshmen C．freshmen are permitted D．are permitted freshmen 4．________the Website of the Fire Department in your city，and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
A．Having searched
B．To search
C．Searching
D．Search
5．-________you write so well? -By reading and keeping diaries every day. A．How is it
B．What is it C．How is it that
D．What is it that
6．________happened to be no one in that house when the typhoon hit the area. A．It
B．There C．This
D．That 7．It was not until she collected enough material________to create her new novel. A．did she begin
B．when she began C．that she began
D．that did she
begin
8．Seldom________computer games ever since he entered college. A．did he play
B．has he played C．he played
D．he has played 9．It was by making great efforts________she caught up with other students. A．how
B．when C．what
D．that 10．Little________about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease. A．did scientists know B．scientists have known C．have scientists known
D．had scientists known 11．-You forgot your purse when you went out. -Good heavens，________. A．so did I
B．so I did C．I did so
D．I so did 12．It was lack of money，not of effort，________defeated their plan. A．which
B．as C．that
D．what 13．It was after careful consideration________we decided to take action. A．which
B．that C．why
D．when 14．The child tiptoed quietly to the bird.________into the forest when he was about to catch it. A．Flew it away
B．Away flew it C．Away it flew
D．Flew away it 15．It is the test system，rather than the teachers，________is to blame for the students' heavy burden nowadays. A．who
B．this C．that
D．whom BYE! 句型13 …until….“直到……时候”；not…until…“直到……才……” [例句] You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。 The meeting was put off until ten o’clock. 会议推迟到十点钟。 The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. →Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句） 等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。 He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. →It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句） Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games. Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed.
句型14 unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not) [例句] I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。 –Shall Tom go and play football? –Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业，否则不能出去。 I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself. 除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。 I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited).
除非被邀请，否则我不 去参加的生日晚会。 句型15 when引导的从句 when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种用法值得关注，那就是when引导并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中： （1）、主语 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”； （2）、主语 + be about to do…when…； （3）、主语+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……” [例句] One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。 I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。 I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。 I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。
I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。 I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。 I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。 I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。 [比较] I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。 I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。
句型16 while引导的从句 while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外（注意：引导的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词！），另外的两层意思也是考查的重点：（1）while = although “尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；（2）while的意思是“然而；可是”，常用来表达对比关系。 [例句] While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved. 尽管我承认这个问题很难，但是我并不认为无法解决。 While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 虽然我承认他的优点，我也能看出他的缺点。 While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper. 虽然我很生气，但我当时没有对她发脾气。 While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 虽然我了解你的见解， 我还是不能同意（你）。 I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚120美元，她却赚180美元。 where…（地点从句） [注意]where引导地点从句时，可以引导定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句。当它在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点时，这时可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等结构代替。但是它引导逻辑地点状语从句时，没有这样用法。 [例句] You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。 Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. 不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。 Go where you should, keep on studying. 无论你到哪里，你都应该继续学习。 That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。 Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司，就在那儿遇见了我的老师。 That’s where a change is needed. 那就是需要变更的地方。 We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 从我们所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手。 You should let your children play where you can see them. 你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍。 Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导定语从句） 有些地方太冷不能种水稻，但可以种马铃薯。 [请比较下面的句子结构的不同] Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导地点状语从句） 句型18 what引导的从句 what在英语中非常活跃,它可以用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，但是不用来引导定语从句。在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。 What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少？ What did you pay for this picture? 这幅画你付了多少钱？ What is most important in life isn’t money. 人生最重要的并非是金钱。 Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗？ Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary已经不是10年前的她了。
句型19 as引导的非限制性定语从句
在as引导的非限制性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活，即可以在句子前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。 [注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示部分内容。 [注意2]as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指“事先可以预料到的”“料想到的”，表达“好”的方面。 [注意3]as引导限制性定语从句时，常构成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。 [例句] This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这也是你工作的一部分。 The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 从那人说话的样子可明显看出，他是个老师。 Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的。 It’s the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同。 He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽可能找漂亮的女孩结婚。 Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人们应该受到极大的尊重。 句型20 which引导的非限制性定语从句（也引导限制性定语从句）
which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容，也可以指句子的部分内容（如单词或词组等），在句子中可以作主语、宾语（动词或介词的）、定语等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表达的内容是“不好的”、“事先没有预料到的”等时，常用which，只指物。 [例句] Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州，是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一。 The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的，现在还走时很准。 The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery. 那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买，却是幅赝品。 She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。 I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期间我学了法语。 The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴， 这是我们没有预料到的。 句型21 （1）、疑问词+ever
whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用
[例句] Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope. 无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。 Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。 Whoever (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。 Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. 此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。{{{ Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。 Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people. Whichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same. 他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。 However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I can’t find the answer.
（2）、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。 [例句] Take whichever you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。 We will do whatever we can to help him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。 I’ll show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。 Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。 Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。 You may invite whomever（口语中常用whoever代替）you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。 Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。 句型22
It is necessary/important/natural/impossible/essential（基本的）等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即主语+(should)+动词原形 [例句] It’s necessary that Tom take the exam first. Tom有必要先参加考试。 With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer. 随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。 句型23 It’s strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/a surprise (that) … should do…should表示“竟然” [例句] It’s a pity that she should miss the chance. 很遗憾她错过了机会。 It’s really surprising that a prophecy（预言）should coincide with the fact so exactly. 令人惊讶的是，预言和事实竟然如此巧合。 It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam. 奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试。
特殊句式
辨别句子结构是考生应对高考应具备的能力之一。英语中句子结构很多，也很容易混淆。特殊句式内容比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用等是高考考查的重点项目。预计2016年高考会继续侧重对倒装句和强调句的考查，所以对于这些热点考生要真正地把握，理解其精髓。 考点全解 考点一 强调句 【情系考场】 1．(2010年安徽卷)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A．where B．that C．when
D．which 答案：B 【情系考场】 2．(2010年四川卷)If you have a job，________yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.
A．do devote
B．don't devote C．devoting
D．not devoting
考点二 反意疑问句 高考对反意疑问句的考查以考查反意疑问部分的变化为主，主要集中在以下四个方面： 1．考查对含有情态动词的句子的反意疑问。这些情态动词主要有would，must，would rather，used to，ought to，had better等。 2．考查对含有易混动词的句子的反意疑问。比如have既可以是助动词，也可以是实义动词；need，dare既可以是情态动词，也可以是实义动词。 3．考查对祈使句的反意疑问。当主句为祈使句时，反意疑问部分用will you。而由let's构成的祈使句，反意疑问部分则用shall we。祈使句的形式多样，大家要注意辨别。 4．考查对there be句型的反意疑问。 【情系考场】 3．They must have gone to the cinema last night，________？ A．didn't they
B．don't they C．mustn't they
D．haven't they 解析：此处must have gone是表示对过去情况的推测，而且是肯定的推测，因此后面用didn't构成反意疑问部分。 答案：A 【情系考场】 4．Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday，________she? A．had
B．did C．hadn't
D．didn't 解析：在have sth.done中，have是实义动词，而且前面是肯定句，因此后面用助动词的否定式didn't构成反意疑问部分。句意：萨拉前天请人修了洗衣机，是吗？ 5．When you've finished with that book，don't forget to put it back on the shelf，________？ A．do you
B．don't you C．will you
D．won't you 【情系考场】 6．There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately
after the concert ended，________？ A．wasn't there
B．was there C．didn't it
D．did it 基础知识： 英语高考中的“特殊句式考点、 解题技巧及巩固练习” 特殊句式在高考中的考查重点
强调句 1.强调句型用于强调陈述句； 2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句； 3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句； 4.强调句型的调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句的语序； 5.强调句型用于强调not…until…句型; 6.强调句型与状语从句、定语从句、祈使句的混合考查。 替代 1.do/does/did替代动词; 2.so和not分别代替肯定和否定的从句.（不用IT） 省略 1.主语的省略； 2.谓语或谓语的一部分的省略； 3.宾语的省略； 4.不定式的省略； 5.宾语从句和状语从句中的省 略； 6.虚拟条件句中if的省略。 倒装句 1.部分倒装； 2.完全倒装 3.常考的几个重要句型： So +be/情态/助动词+主语 Neither+be/情态/助动词+主语 So +adj/adv …+that … Neither …, nor … Not only …, but also … Not until … 一些基本句型： （下面从基本句型结构开始讲） 句型1、 “It +be+时间before/since/when/that”
1.It was two years ________he realized the truth. 2. It will be two years ________ the economic situation improves. 3. It was two years later ________ he realized the truth. 4. It is /has been two years ________ he lived here. A. before
B. when
C. since
D. that
A A D C 5. It was midnight ________
he arrived home. 6. It was at midnight ________ he arrived home. 7. It was not until midnight _______ he arrived home. A. before
B. when
C. since
D. that
D B D
再看下面两题： (1) It was the park ________ he first met his wife. (2) It was in this park ________ he first met his wife. where that 句型2
would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……；更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望)
would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示过去的愿望） I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。 I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.(,in which case, we could spend more time together为定语从句） 我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。 I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。 句型3
as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……（表示现在或将来的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）[参考句型4] [例句] Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。 句型3
“wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 可能实现的愿望 表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时； 表示过去的愿望：主语+had done； 表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do [例句] How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！ I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t
wasted so much time playing! What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party! 句型4
It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该…… [例句] It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school. It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。 I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。 句型5 情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法 could have done “本来可以……”（表示过去没有实现的可能）。 might have done “本来可能……；本来应该或可以做某事”（实际没有发生；含有轻微的责备语气。 should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”（而实际未做） should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（实际却做过了，含有责备语气） needn’t have done “本来不必做”（但是已经做过了） would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（实际没有做过）；否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。 句型6 as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。 [注意]although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though＝that(尽管）它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化
在2002年全国高校英语专业四级考试试题中,有以下一选择题: Fool——Jane is,she could not have donesuch a thing。 A.who B.as C.that D.1ike 所给的答案为B。请问选C不对吗? 此题设计不够严密。因为除了可以选B(as)外,还可以选C(that)。thm也可引导让步状语从句。例如: 1.Difficult that the task was.they managedto accompfish it in time.虽然任务很艰难,但他们正是设法如期完成了。(陆谷孙主编, ((英汉大词典》,缩印本,p.1958) 2.Newcomer that he is,he knows whm’S thefight thing to do.尽管他是个新手,他却知道该做些什么。(《英华大词典》最新修订版,p.1597) 3.Poor that they were,they gave money tocharity.尽管他们很穷,但他们还是把钱捐给了慈善事业。
[例句] 1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow. →Young as/though/that I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。 2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/that/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。 3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child（省略冠词）as/though/that he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。 4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他努力了，但是他没有解决问题。 5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨，我还是要出去散步。 6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。 7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮助你，但是我有很多事要做。 8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。 句型7 …before…特殊用法（1）“没来得及……就……” [例句] The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。 He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。 To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。 句型8 …before…特殊用法（2）“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……” [例句] They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village. 他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。 The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. 工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。 He almost knocked me down before he knew it. 他几乎撞到我了才意识到。 We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。 Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年过去了。 句型9 It was + 时间段+before….“过了多久才（怎么样）……” It was not long before….“不久，就……” It will (not) be +时间段+before….“要过多久（不久）……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态) [例句] It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. 不久他就意识到他处境的危险。 It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。 It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。 It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。 句型10 in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”； in case that…“以防，万一……”（谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形） [例句] In case of fire, what should we do? Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。 In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait. Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。 句型11 It强调句型 强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余部分 [注意1] 这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间，地点，方式，原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词（参考句型15）。 原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who….； 原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was…that/who….；
强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。 [例句1] I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调主语） →It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语） →It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调时间状语） →It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语） [例句2] He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. →It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. He didn’t do his homework until his father came back from work. →It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework. [例句3] Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him. →It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him. 只有你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。 [例句4] I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour. →It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again. （强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since, as, for, now that等） [注意2]强调句的疑问结构 一般疑问句 Is / Was it +被强调部分 +who / that …? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that…?
What is/was it that…? Who is/was it that…? When is/was it that…? Where is/was it that…? Why is/was it that…? How is/was it that…?
[例句1] I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →When was it that you saw him in the street? →Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon? →Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon? [例句2] I don’t know when he will come back. →I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序） –How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？ –Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。 句型12 （1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or else/or/otherwise + 主句（表结果）…… “否则……，要不然……” （2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果） [例句] Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out. 你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。 Think it over and you will find the answer. Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。 Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。