包括短文语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错。
短文语法填空（1）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Levi Strauss was born in 1829 in Germany. He was the fifth of six children. In 1845，his father died. All six children decided 1.________(go) to the United States. Strauss went to the southeastern part of the US. For eight years，he walked along the country roads .________(sell) dry goods from door to door—just like his father in Germany.
In 1853，Strauss decided to move to San Francisco，.________thousands of people were looking for gold.4.________his way to California，Strauss sold almost all of his dry goods. He had only one thing .________(leave)some canvas (帆布)．
In California，Strauss tried to sell the canvas to the gold miners. He said they could make tents from the canvas. But they weren’t .________(interest) in canvas for tents. Strauss didn’t know 7.________to do with the canvas. Before long Strauss found the miners needed new pants. There were holes in their pants
8.________the cloth wasn’t strong. He decided to make the canvas 9.________pants.They called them “Levi’s”．Later, Strauss stopped using canvas and used a different cloth. It was a heavy cotton cloth—the same kind people wear today.
Levi Strauss died in 1902.He never married and left money to his nephews. He left the world much more—the jeans 10.________so many people wear.
【参考答案及解析】
1．to go [decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，为固定用法。]
．selling [动词sell与主语he为主动关系，故用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。]
．where [where引导非限制性定语从句，相当于in which，在从句中作状语。]
．On [on one’s way to...“在去……的路上”，为固定搭配。]
．left [动词leave与宾语one thing之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作补语。]
．interested [be interested in...“对……感兴趣”。]
．what [what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词do的宾语。]
．because [根据文意可知，此处为因果关系。因为布不结实，所以他们的裤子上有窟窿。]
．into [make...into...“把……制成……”，为固定搭配。]
．that/which [此处that/which引导定语从句，修饰the jeans，且在从句中作wear的宾语。]
2）
Fall in Love with English
1
(hide) behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager packed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk
2
there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this
3
he was tired of his parents’ nagging about his English study and did not want to go through 4
any longer. He couldn’t get along well with English and
5
(dislike) joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never added up 6
over 60.
His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly 7
he was suffering from, but entirely 8
(agree) with his idea. In order to calm him down and settle 9
problem, she talked with him face to face and swapped a series of learning tips with him. The items she set down helped him find the highway to 10
(study) English well.
The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recovered from being upset and has fallen in love with English.
【参考答案】Keys：
1. Hiding
2. though/although
3. because
4. it
5. disliked
6. to
7. what
8. disagreed
9. his
10. studying
完形填空
【由上海市虹口区2016模拟改编】
Directions:
For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Napping for a while at daytime is a very smart and healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps
1
relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working
2
. A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to
3
the mid-afternoon sleepiness.
According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people
4
new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most
5
, a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped
6
had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.
Of course, napping isn’t
7
for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can
8
with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.
But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits
9
on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡）can
10
creativity.
According to prevention.com, you
11
a natural dip in body temperature between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness for several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t
12
being able to fall asleep at night.
Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. Prevention.com
13
napping on the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less
14
to snooze for too long.
Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study
15
last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking motion that puts babies to sleep works wonders for grown-ups, too.
1. A. relieve
B. promote
C. operate
D. support
2. A. feeling
B. frame
C. sense
D. mind
3. A. cope with
B. put aside
C. talk about
D. carry upon
4. A. remark
B. consider
C. remember
D. concern
5. A. reportedly
B. unbelievably
C. constantly
D. frankly
6. A. regularly
B. enormously
C. heavily
D. strongly
7. A. exact
B. correct
C. right
D. accurate
8. A. connect
B. deal
C. compete
D. interfere
9. A. focusing
B. depending
C. relying
D. basing
10. A. enlarge
B. engage
C. enhance
D. enroll
11. A. explore
B. experience
C. exercise
D. implement
12. A. produce
B. handle
C. affect
D. urge
13. A. postpones
B. discourages
C. acknowledges
D. recommends
14. A. obliged
B. tempted
C. adopted
D. attracted
15. A. pronounced
B. published
C. discovered
D. cultivated
完形填空、共15小题，每题1分。共15分。
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. C
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. B
阅读理解【1】
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I. Q. , a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary know-ledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.
Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.
1. The passage mainly deals with .
A. the function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer
B. the relationship between genius and success
C. the decisive factor in making a genius
D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction
2. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could .
A. come to understand the inner structure of writing
B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday
C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes
D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security
3. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, .
A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success
B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance
C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements
D. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write
4. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.
B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.
C. As to the growth of a genius, I. Q. doesn’t matter, but just his/her efforts.
D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.
【参考答案】1—4、CABD
短文改错
My birthday is coming. Father asked me how I would
1.
want as my birthday present. I told him I need no present but
2.
a party. Father said OK. When I recited the name of my seven
3.
friends I planned to invite, he wondered why his guest list didn’t
4.
include my new neighbor Tom. I told him I didn’t like to be with
5.
a person whom I didn’t know well. And father insisted that I
6.
seize the chance to make new friends. In my birthday, Tom
7.
came besides my seven friends. Very quick we became good
8.
friends. From this I realized give others a chance means giving
9.
myself a chance. It was really unforgettable birthday.
10.
【参考答案及解析】
1. how → what考查宾语从句的连接词。此处what作want的宾语。
. need → needed 考查动词时态。根据文意此处应用一般过去时。
. name → names 考查名词单复数。根据后文可知应是七个朋友的名字，故用复数形式。
. his → my
考查代词指代一致。
. 正确
经分析本句正确。此处my guest list和my new neighbor Tom应一致。
. And → But 考查句间的逻辑关系。根据文意此处表转折。
. In → On
考查介词的用法。此处指在“生日这天”，故用介词on。
8. quick → quickly考查副词的用法。此处修饰动词become用副词。
. give → giving
考查动名词的用法。此处动名词短语giving others a chance作means的主语。
. unforgettable → an unforgettable考查冠词的用法。此处birthday是可数名词，故其前加an。