第 3 讲
形容词和副词
1. The professor could tell by the ______ look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture. (2011浙江卷)
A. cold
B. blank
C. innocent
D. fresh
【答案及解析】1. B 考查形容词的辨析。句意为“根据Maria茫然的眼神，这位教授能够看出她对他所讲的内容连一个字也没有听懂。”cold冰冷的；blank空虚的，茫然的；innocent无辜的；fresh新鲜的。根据后面didn't understand可知。
2. I've been writing this report ______ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. (2011浙江卷)
A. finally
B. immediately
C. occasionally
D. certainly 【答案及解析】2. C 考查副词的辨析。句意为“在过去的两周里，我时断时续地写这个报告，可是这个报告明天就得交了。”finally最终地；immediately立即，马上；occasionally偶尔地；certainly肯定地。根据but it has to be handed in tomorrow可知。
3. My schedule is very ______ right now, but I'll try to fit you in. (2011浙江卷)
A. tight
B. short
C. regular
D. flexible
【答案及解析】3. A 考查形容词的辨析。句意为“现在我的日程很紧凑，但我会尽力把你安排进去的。”tight (安排)紧凑的， 紧密的；short简短的，短缺的， 不够；regular有规律的， 定期的，符合规定的；flexible柔韧的，灵活的，可变通的。
4. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.(2010浙江卷)
A. accurate
B. ridiculous
C. urgent
D. shallow 【答案及解析】4. A accurate 精确的；ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的；urgent紧急的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。句意：我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。
5. Do you think shopping online will ______ take the place of shopping in stores？(2010浙江卷)
A. especially
B. frequently
C. merely
D. finally 【答案及解析】5. D especially 特别，尤其；frequently经常； merely仅仅； finally最终。句意：你认为网上购物最终会代替商场购物吗？
6. Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, ______？(2010浙江卷)
A. though
B. also
C. either
D. too 【答案及解析】6. A 根据句意：在冰场上玩耍听起来很有趣。然而会不会有危险呢？前后两句之间是明显的转折关系，所以选择though。
7. John is very ______， if he promises to do something he'll do it. (2009浙江卷)
A. independent
B. confident
C. reliable
D. flexible 【答案及解析】7. C 考查形容词辨析。independent独立的；confident自信的；reliable可靠的；flexible灵活的。
8．It took ______ building supplies to construct these energysaving houses. It took brains, too. (2009浙江卷)
A. other than
B. more than
C. rather than
D. less than
【答案及解析】8. B 句意：建造这些节能型的房子需要的远远不止是建材，也需要脑子。本题考查四个相似短语。other than 除了……； more than超过……；远远不止；rather than而不是……； less than… 少于……
9. ______， the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. (2009浙江卷)
A. Generally speaking
B. On the contrary
C. In particular
D. To be honest 【答案及解析】9. D 句意：实话说，虽然工作本身蛮有意思的，但工资没有什么吸引力。generally speaking一般来说，总的来说； on the contrary 恰恰相反；in particular 尤其，特别；to be honest 实话说，老实说。
10. In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ______ recovering from his heart operation. (2009浙江卷)
A. quietly
B. actually
C. practically
D. gradually
【答案及解析】10. D 句意：在护士们的精心照料下，这个男孩从心脏手术中逐渐恢复过来。quietly静静地；actually事实上地；practically 实际地；gradually 逐步地。
几个特殊的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 比较级和最高级的常用句型 1．形容词在句中作定语时的位置： 形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰名词的前面。但在下列情况下，形容词要放在所修饰词的后面作后置定语： (1)形容词修饰由some， any， no， every， 与one, body, thing (where) 等构成的复合不定代词(副词)时。 eg. Is there anything_interesting? (2)少数以a开头的形容词，如：awake, alive, asleep作定语时。 eg. He was the only boy awake_at the time of earthquake.
形容词和副词的位置与功能
(3)形容词短语作定语时。 eg. He carried a basket full_of_stones on his back.
(4)形容词比较级前可以用表示数量或程度的词修饰，常用的有： even, much, far, a little, a bit, no, twice, three times, etc.
eg. This car is far_cheaper_than that one.
This park is four_times bigger than that park.
形容词和副词的位置与功能 (5)by far 用于强调，意为“……得多”，“最……”，“显然”等，可修饰形容词或副词的比较级和最高级，通常置于其后；若比较级或最高级前有冠词，则可置于其前或其后。如： It's quicker by_far to go by train.
乘火车要快得多。 He's by_far_the_cleverer student.
他是个聪明得多的孩子。 。 形容词和副词的位置与功能 2．副词在句中的位置： (1)多数副词位于谓语动词之后，如有宾语则位于宾语之后，但如宾语太长时也可置于宾语之前。 eg. She runs fast.
He went to school early.
They discussed carefully_the proposals which were raised at the meeting.
形容词和副词的位置与功能 (2)程度副词通常位于所修饰的词之前或之后，不能出现在句首。 eg. The boy seems quite happy.
(3)频度副词通常位于行为动词之前，系动词、助动词和情态动词之后。 eg. They often come to see us.
We have always lived in this house.
形容词和副词的位置与功能
1. 某些以ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如： friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。
易错易混点
2. 有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly 结尾，但它们的含义是不同的。以ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。 wide / high / deep (具体的意义)宽/高/深 widely / highly / deeply(抽象意义)广泛地/高度地/深深地 close 靠近地 — closely 密切地、仔细地 late迟的 — lately最近、近来 dead死的 — deadly极其、非常 bad坏的 — badly非常地、恶劣地
易错易混点
most十分、非常，最多(大)的 — mostly主要地、绝大多数地、多半
eg. He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地) He can see a bird flying high in the sky. (飞得高，具有可见性)
易错易混点
3. 注意多个形容词(含其他起形容词作用的词)前置定语的顺序。常用的顺序为： 限定词＋外观描绘性词＋形状＋年龄(新旧)＋颜色＋国籍＋材料＋名词。 可用“县(限定词)官(外观)行(形状)令(年龄新旧)宴(颜色)国(国籍)材(材料)”谐音记忆。 eg. a beautiful white Japanese military jeep一辆漂亮的白色的日本军用吉普车
易错易混点
4. 形容词作表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。 常见系动词有：be
变化系动词： become, get, turn, grow, go 保持系动词： keep, remain, stay 感官系动词： look, smell, taste, feel, sound, appear, seem, prove, etc.
5. 形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。 He went to bed, _cold_and_hungry.