第 19 讲
主旨大意题
该题型提问的形式主要有三类:第一类是Main Idea型;第二类是Topic/Title型;第三类是Purpose and Attitude型。
Ⅰ.Main Idea型
这种题型一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题思想或目的设题;有的也会针对文中的某一关键段落的思想和目的进行设题。
Which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?
The main (general) idea of the passage is ______.
From the passage we know that ______.
What's the main idea /topic / subject /point of this passage?
What does the passage mainly deal with?
The article is written to explain ______.
All the details in this passage support the main idea ______.
What does the last paragraph mainly discuss?
The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.
What's the main idea of the third paragraph?
1.首先要找出文章的主题句(Topic Sentence),即中心思想,其他句子则为支撑句或扩展句(Developing Details),是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的。
2.在许多文段中,没有可以概括全段意义的主题句,必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节,进行全面分析,然后归纳成一般概念。但必须注意:既不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
Ⅱ.Topic/Title型
在阅读理解的命题中,有时要求确定相应的标题,以考查考生对全文中心思想的理解。
The best title/ headline for this passage might be ______.
The text (passage) could be entitled ______.
What is the best title for the passage?
Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
The topic of the passage is ______.
1.给文章加标题,首先要把握好文章大意,不能把文章某一段的大意看做是整篇文章的大意,更不能把文章细节看成是文章大意,以防标题的片面性。
2.注意文章的体裁及文章意图。根据不同体裁,结合叙述的过程、说明的用途、议论的主题等,从而正确地确定标题。
3.注意文章标题本身的句法和语法特征:一是要言简意赅,引人注目;二是要利用省略等修辞手段,尽量使标题句法结构正确。
Ⅲ.Purpose and Attitude型
每一篇文章都能体现出其写作意图、作者的态度和观点。命题中常结合考生对文章的理解,考查对写作目的和作者态度的理解。常见的设题方式有:
The author's main purpose in writing the passage is ______.
The passage is meant to ______.
The purpose of this article is ______.
The author's attitude toward…is best described as one of ______.
What might be the purpose of the author to write this passage?
What is the author's main purpose in this passage?
文章需要通过细节来支撑文章的思想和大意,而作者正是通过这些思想和大意来体现其态度、观点和目的。因此,领会文章的态度、观点和目的与文章的主旨大意是密不可分的。 【答案及解析】B 主旨大意题。文章第六、七两段点出了文章的主题思想。The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. 人与科技之间的游戏既有趣又复杂,所以文章讲的是人类与科技之间的关系。