Module 5
A trip along the Three Gorges
Explanations for new words and phrases
1、cave： n C
洞穴，山洞。
It is known to us all that our forefathers once lived in caves. 众所周知我们的祖先曾住在山洞里。
2、peak： n. C
山顶The mountain looks more beautiful with its peak covered with snow. 山顶覆盖白雪更漂亮了。
Qomolangma is the world’s highest peak. 珠穆朗玛是世界最高峰。
n. 顶峰，顶点时间be at your peak / reach your peak 处在顶峰/达到最高峰。
Most athletes have reached their peak by the time they are 20. 多数运动员在20岁前达到顶点。
Her career was at its peak. = He is at the peak of his career. 处在事业的最高峰。
adj.（时间，阶段）高峰的Stay in peak condition. 保持最佳状态。
The peak time for electricity consumption. 用电高峰时段。
3、plainn. 平原
adj.
简朴的朴素的简单的清楚晰的Animals range over the hills and plains. 动物在山丘和平原上出没。
He likes to wear plain clothes.
She's in plain clothes 她的穿着很朴素。 I don’t understand these documents at all. Why can’t they write them in plain English?
我根本看不懂这些文件，为什么他们不能用简单易懂的语言来写呢？The figures in the picture are quite plain. 照片上的人像很清楚。It’s plain / clear that…:
很显然It is quite plain that he is mistaken /something was very wrong. 看来显然是他错了有地方出错了。It's plain to see: 显而易见It's plain to see you haven't done this before. 显然你以前没做过这事。plateau： n.C 高原They were lucky to have the opportunity to Lhasa and visited the wonderful landscape of the Qinghai_Tibet Plateau. 有幸获得机会去拉萨参观青藏高原的壮丽美景。
5、shore： n. C ,U
岸
in shore: adv.近岸 on shore 在岸上off shore: adv. 离岸At night he would stand on the shore and gaze out to sea. 夜晚，他常站在岸边遥望大海。There was a little cabin on the opposite shore. 对岸曾有一座小木屋。
They saw a boat about a mile from the shore.
看见离岸一英里处的一条躺。
bank：岸河流两旁高出水面的地方Roger pushed the boat away from the bank. 将船推离岸边。
坐在河堤上钓鱼。
coast：海岸海岸线一国或一大片土地的沿海陆地，海洋与陆地的分界线China has a very long coast. 漫长的海岸线。
I could tell from his clothes that he was from the West Coast. 从他着装看得出来自西海岸。
seaside： 海边的地区，城镇，尤at the seaside 在海边。
We’ll spend the vacation at the seaside. 将在海边度假。
beach：海供人玩乐或消遣The children were playing on the beach.
They walked hand in hand along the beach.拉手漫步。
6、slope： n.C 斜坡 a slope of 30 degrees一个30度的斜坡。
a gentle / steep slope 缓陡坡Be careful, It is dangerous to climb up such a steep slope.
7、valley： n.C
山谷When Harry came back to life, he found himself in a large valley.
8、flat： adj 平坦的扁平的n. 一套房间, 公寓套房a flat wall 一面光滑的墙We don't have flat land in this region. 我们这个地区没有平地。People used to think the earth was flat.
人们过去认为地球是扁平的The drawings were flat and unimaginative.画平淡缺乏想像。 It is a flat weekend.乏味的周末。
at the edge of …： 在的边缘多用在树林沙漠或水边The tree is at the edge of the sea.树在海边。
At the edge of the road lies a red house.路边有所红色的小房子。on the edge of …：在的边缘（多用一定高度差的边上，桌子，悬崖等）
He stood on the edge of the cliff. 站在悬崖边上。
Don’r put the glass on the edge of the table. 不要把杯子放在桌边。
I was on the edge of a mental breakdown at that time. 那段时间我几乎精神崩溃。
区别：on意为“在……之上”；而at意为“靠近，接壤”。He sat on the edge of the table.他坐在桌子边缘上。
I heard the birds singing at the edge of the woods.我听到林边的鸟儿在歌唱。
surround：vt
围绕环绕包围围困The police surrounded the house.警察包围。surround sth. /sb. with …： 以(使围住be surrounded by/with：被...环绕/包围。
We are surrounded by/with dangers.
我们被各种危险所包围。
The city is surrounded on the sides by hills. 该城四周为丘陵所包围。
He loves to surround himself with family and friends. 他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。urrounding： adj 附近的，四周的The surrounding towns附近的After the explosion the army sealed off the surrounding area. 爆炸之后，部队封锁了周围地区。
surroundings：n.环境周围的事物It took me a weeks to get used to my new surroundings.适应新环境。
11、colleague：n.C 同事 fellow (同伴/志) / associate (伙伴/同事) / comrade (同志/战友)
12、downstream：adv 向下游随波而下。
We decided to take a boat downstream.We were rowing downstream towards the sea. 我们划船顺流而下, 驶向大海trade：n. 贸易/交易/买卖；行业/职业/生意。
导学P50-4-2
Trade between the two countries has increased.两国之间的贸易增多了。
Trade with other countries is important. 与其他国家进行贸易很重要。
He works in the car trade. 他做汽车生意。
vi. 做生意’t want to trade with Japanese.
trade with: 与...进行贸易/交换。 Britain build up her wealth by trading with other countries.积累财富
trade in：出售，经营。
These companies trade mainly in furs and animal. 主营毛皮与动物。
trade …for …：以物易物/用...换...。
I will trade an old phone for a new one. 用旧电话换了个新的。
15、dock： n. C
码头 vi 驶入码头 in dock在船坞里The ship is now in dock for repairs.
船在船坞里We will be docking in about half an hour. 大约半个小时后，我们驶入码头。
16、hilly： adj. 多山的，丘陵起伏的 snowy: adj 多/下/积雪的。
foggy: adj有/多雾的/雾朦胧的。
A hilly region 丘陵It’s very hilly around here. 此地周围都是丘陵17、raft： n. C 木筏 ride a raft
Soon the boy got used to riding a bamboo raft down the river. 不久就习惯坐竹筏顺流而下。
She spent seven days afloat on a raft. 在一只木筏上漂泊了七天18、narrow： vi. / vt. (使)变狭窄The river narrows at this point. 该河流在这里变窄了。
He narrowed his eyes against the sun. 对着太阳迷起了眼。
narrow down： (使)变窄/减小The police have narrowed their list of suspects.
警方缩小了嫌犯清单。
The choice of goods available is narrowing. 现有货物可选面在缩小。
narrow： adj狭窄的There are plans to widen the narrowest sections of the road.计划拓宽该路最窄处。
narrow escape：九死一生，幸免于难。
Peter had a narrow escape from drowing when he fell overboard. 从船上掉下去差点淹死。
narrowly： adv 勉强地，差一点We narrowly missed hitting the other car. 差点撞到另一部车。
19、at least： 至少
He has been there at least twice.
导学P51-6
It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.到那里你至少要花20分钟。
I think you should at least consider his offer.我认为无论如何你都应该考虑他的提议。
The film wasn’t interesting, but at least it filled the time.电影没多少意思，但至少打发了时间。
at most 至多
We can stay here for two days at most.
20、detour： n. C
绕道，迂回绕行之路make /take a detour 绕道，迂回We took a detour to avoid the town centre.
我们绕道以避开市中心。
It’s well worth making a detour to see the village.
为参观该村，很值得绕一下道。
21、legend： n. C 传说，传奇故事This is a popular/folk legend. 这是一个民间传说。His success in stock market made him a legend in the town. 股票市场的成功使......成为传奇人物。
22、be heavy with：有大量的... 充满满载。The air is heavy with the good smell of the flowers. 空气中弥漫着浓郁的花香。
When spring comes, the pear woods are heavy with blossom.春天到了梨园鲜花满枝头。
be heavy on使用/耗费很多…的Older cars are heavy on gas. 旧车特耗。
Don’t go so heavy on the salt. 别用那么多盐。
get heavy 变得严重He was sent to hospital last night, but the situation got very heavy.
与heavy相关短语：heavy rain/snow雨/雪很大heavy smoker/drinker大量抽烟/喝酒的人
heavy sleep/sleeper 睡得很香/沉的人 heavy breathing沉重的呼吸heavy-hearted心情沉重的；悲伤的
2deck： n.C 甲板lower /upper deck 船的下层/上层
n deck 在甲板Let’s go up on deck and sit in the sun. 我们上甲板
24、distant：adj (指时间或空间)遥远
in the distant past
在遥远
in the not too distant future. 在不远的将来
on a distant mountain 在远处的山上
be distant from隔远的
The school is three miles distant from the town.distance：n 距离/间距；远处/方。
in the distance在远处远处的表示在远处，但可看到或听到。That’s the Long Island in the distance over there.那边远处就是长岛。
There is a boy running in the distance.远处有一个孩子在跑。
at a distance离远一点稍远一点
The picture looks better at a distance.稍远一些，画看起来更好看。
The shops were at a distance from where they lived.商店离他们住所有一段路。
23exploit： vt 开发exploitation：n. 开发exploiter：n. 开发Casey found a company to expioit the mineral resources in the area. 打家公司开采该地矿产资源。
24、cruise： n. C
巡航; 航游; 巡逻The liner is making a round-the-world cruise. 客轮正在做环球航行。
2forbid：vt 禁止。 ( forbad /forbade, forbidden )
strictly forbid 严格禁止。
forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人干什么。
Women are forbidden from out without a veil. 禁止妇女不戴面纱外出。
The law strictly forbidden racial or sexual discrimination. 法律严格禁止种族或性别歧视。
forbidden： adj 被禁止的strictly forbidden受到严格禁止的。
You can’t smoke here _ it’s strictly forbidden. 不能在此吸烟，那是严格禁止的。
It is forbidden to do sth 禁止
It is forbidden to marry someone who is not a member of the same faith.禁止嫁娶非同种信仰的人。
forbidding： adj 可怕的，令人生畏的Despite her forbidding manner she is actually quite a kind person. 虽态度让人生畏,但是好人一个。
26、mountainous： adj 多山的Switzerland is one of the mountainous countries in the world.
27、immense： adj 极大的extremely large
An immense amount of money and time has been put into finding a cure. 投入大量钱时间寻求...
immensely:
adv 非常，极其 We enjoyed the play immensely. 非常喜欢这部剧。
28、fertile： adj 肥沃的富饶的多产的fertility：n. 肥沃the fertile plains of western Canada
西加拿大肥沃的平原。
fertile imagination /mind /brain丰富的想像力/思想/头脑。
29、remote： adj 遥远的in the remote areas
remote stars
a remote ancestor先祖
remote： n.
遥控器 （ 口语） remote control 遥控器
rip off：v./n. 敲竹杠；敲诈宰客＝to cheat someone, to make them pay too much for something.
rip sb offThey really ripped us off at that hotel. 那家旅馆着实敲了我们一笔。
The advertisement cheated ripped off a great many consumers.那广告宣传骗了许许多多顾客。Tourists are often ripped off when they buy souvenirs. 买纪念品时常被宰rip sth. open 撕开
rip sth. out / off /away/down 撕掉把撕下来
rip ..up 把...撕成碎片。
I ripped the letter open. 撕We had to rip down all the old wallpaper. 撕掉He ripped his photo up into tiny bits. 把照片撕成碎片。
31、get a kick out of / from (doing) sth： (俚语)从……中得到乐趣
He got a kick out of speed-driving.
开快车给他带来极大的乐趣。
kickv. 踢
Don't kick the ball into the road.
Be careful of that horse, it often kicks.
n. 踢; 乐趣快乐If the door won't open, give it a kick.
短语：get after追击；追捕；get away逃脱；离开；get back回来；取回；get out下车出开； get off下来下车；动身离开;get on上车进行继续下去；相处