Module 4
Fine Arts—Western, Chinese and Pop Arts
Explanations for new words and phrases
1．like： prep.
similar to something else, or happening in the same way 像, 像…一样; 与…类似;
Her hair is dark brown like mine.
The child was like its mother in looks. 那孩子长得像妈妈。look/sound/feel/taste/seem like
看/听/摸/尝起像…，仿佛…似的
The garden looked like a jungle.丛密林what is sb./sth. like?
What's their house like inside?
nothing like
丝毫不像，绝对不
Twenty years ago travel was nothing like as easy as it is now.
There's nothing like
没什么比得上… ，
没什么像…一样
There's nothing like a nice cup of tea!
There is nothing like home. 自己的家最好。
喜欢喜爱想要like doing sth
I don't like talking in public.
like to do sth
I like to see people enjoying themselves.
would like
I'd like a cup of tea, please.
would like to do sth
I'd like to see that film.
whatever/wherever/anything/…… you like
You can sit wherever you like.
as long as you like/as much as you like etc
Take as many as you like.
You know you're welcome to stay with us as long as you like.
n 相类似的人[事物]'s likes and dislikes
We all have our own likes and dislikes when it comes to food.说到食物时，大家都有自己的喜恶
Have you ever heard its like? 你听过这样类似的事情吗?
olourful：
adj.
having bright colours or a lot of different colours
颜色鲜艳的；彩色的
a colourful display of flowers
鲜花展览
interesting, exciting, and full of variety
丰富多彩的，引人入胜的，富有趣味的，生动的
colourful history/past/career/life
Charlie Chaplin had a long and colorful career.
colourful character / figure ( = someone who is interesting and unusual)
3．delightful： adj. 令人愉快的；可爱的a delightful little girl
导学P41-2
It was a really delightful holiday and a meaningful experience. 的确是个愉快假期和有意义的经历。
He was a most delightful companion, full of wit and humor. 他是个惹人喜爱的同伴，很机智幽默。
What delightful weather!多爽的天气啊!We had a delightful time in the zoo.在动物园里玩得愉快。
delight
n．[U]高兴，欣喜喜悦；[C]使人高兴的事
vt. & vi. (使人)高兴给予乐趣;
take delight in ...以…为乐，喜欢(做)…
to one's delight 使人高兴的是with delight高兴地乐意地
The Internet gives delight to the young. 网络给青少年带来乐趣。
To my delight, my son passed the exam. 令我高兴的是，儿子通过了考试。
He takes great delight in proving others wrong. 他以证实别人的错误为乐。
Her heart beats fast . 她高兴得心跳加速。
The clown delighted the audience. 小丑逗乐了观众。 All things delight us. 事事让我们开心。
delighted
adj. 愉快的；高兴的常接不定式、从句或介词with/at/by引起的短语。be delighted to do sth. / that… / at / by / with
We were delighted to read your novel. 我们很高兴拜读你的小说。
I'm delighted that we have settled the matter.She was delighted with her new home.
Our English teacher takes delight in telling us jokes.
我们英语老师乐于给我说笑话。
— How does Tom like his new boss?
— He is delighted _______ her.A. atB. toC. withD. of
to one’s delightto the delight of sb.让某人高兴的是take delight in doing sth.乐于做…; 嗜好做…．．在…上涂涂料[油漆]n. 油漆涂料颜料化妆品She painted a beautiful portrait for us. 她为我们画了一幅漂亮的肖像。
I painted the door a bright color.把门漆成鲜色。Don't touch the door; the paint is wet.别碰门漆未干。I left my paints at home.把颜料忘在家了。That girl wears far too much paint.那个女孩妆化得太浓了。
．scenen．地点，现场；景色；场景
They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident. 他们火速赶往车祸现场。
I can see a beautiful scene from the top of the mountain. 从山顶上看，我能看到美丽的景色。
The sunrise is a beautiful scene. 日出是很美的景象。
We missed the first few scenes of the movie. 电影的开始几个场景我们没看到。
behind the scenes到后台，在幕后come/appear on the scene出现on the scene在现场，到现场
辨析scenery, scene, view, landscape和sightcenery: 风景，景色。指某地的整个自然风景，风景的总称cene:
指具有一定特征的各种可见的景色，包括户内或户外的、城市或乡村的、活动或静态的景物也常指事件或故事发生的地点，还有场景、场面之意iew:
指从某一角度或某一距离看到的景色，还有观点、看法之意andscape: 通常指陆地上的风景，也可指风景画ight:
表示“风景名胜、视力，视野”The scene of this play is set in Ireland. 这出戏的场景是在爱尔兰。
There’s a fine view of the lake from our hotel window. 从我们旅馆窗口可看到美丽的湖景风光。
She preferred a good landscape to a portrait. 较之人像画她更喜欢美丽的风景画。
He stood waving until the train was out of sight. 他站着挥手直到火车看不见了。
6．traditionaladj.
being part of the traditions of a country or group of people传统的/习俗的 导学P40-1
a traditional method of brewing beer
酿造啤酒的传统方法
It is traditional (for sb) to do sth:
It is traditional not to eat meat on Good Friday. 耶稣受难节
7．alive： adj. 活着的充满活力的仍然存在的
stay alive 活下去keep sth. alive 使继续有效、存在be alive with 充满了
come alive 变得有趣(有生气、逼真)，活跃起来
The injured man is unconscious but still . 受伤的人不省人事但仍活着。
Although he is eighty, he is still very much alive. 他虽然已经八十岁了，但仍然充满了活力。The road is alive with lookers on. 路上看热闹的人熙熙攘攘。
He is thought to be the greatest man alive.
他被认为是当今最伟大的人。No man alive will believe you. 没有一个活人会相信你的。
We’d better keep the old customs alive.我们应该保持这个古老的风俗。得热烈了。
The discussion came alive when it came to an interesting topic. 当引入有趣的话题后，讨论变
辨析：alive，living，live与livelyə’laiv/
/liviŋ/
/liv/
/laivli/
1) alive：有生命的；活着的；有生气的可作表语和补足语，做后置定语。They caught a snake alive. 他们活捉了一条蛇。
He was alive when he was taken to hospital. 他被送到医院时还活着。
2) living活着的；健在的；现行的可指人或物作定语和表语 all living things一切生命living和the连用the living people，有复数含义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The dead are always remembered by the living. 死去的人永远被活着的人们所铭记。
His grandmother is still living at the age of 98. 他奶奶已98岁，仍然健在。
3) live鲜活的；活生生的有生命的指物可作定语。还有“直播的”意思。He bought a live fish. 他买了条活鱼。
Did you watch the live football match on TV?你看电视直播的足球比赛了吗？
4) lively生动的；活泼活跃的；充满生气的既可指人，又可指物。做定语宾补或表语I feel everything here is very lively. 我觉得这儿的一切都富有生气。
The teacher has a gift for making his lessons lively and interesting. 那位老师有一种使他的
His class is lively and interesting.课生动有趣的天赋。aspect ：
n [C]
方面 方位, 朝向one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many parts
Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work. 与人打交道是我工作中最重要方面。
Taking drugs affects all aspects of family life.
吸毒影响着家庭生活的方方面面。
The training program covers every aspect of the job. 训练计划的范围包括了这种工作的各个方面。The house has a north-facing aspect.
这栋房子朝北。模仿把…作为例子imitate one's exampleintonation效仿…的样子[做法] 模彷…的语调Parrots imitate human speech.鹦鹉学人语。James can imitate his father perfectly. 詹姆斯能逼真地You should imitate her way of doing things. 你应该效法她做事的方式。模仿他父亲。observe： vt. =to see and notice something观察注意到；遵守(法律习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)；
1) observe sth. 观察…observe that注意到…observe sb.do sth. 看到某人做(过)某事observe sb.doing sth.看到某人(正在)做某事He liked to observe the stars when he was a child.
孩提时他喜欢观察星星。
I observed the thief stop at the gate.=The thief was observed to stop at the gate.看到小偷在门口停下了She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way.
她注意到一个人在路的对面走着。
Officers observed him driving at 90 miles per hour. 警官
It was observed that 40 percent of patients had high blood pressure. 据观察，40%的病人有高血压。
2) observe/obey a rule/the law遵守规则/法律observe/celebrate Christmas/May Day庆祝圣诞节/劳动节All the citizens should observe the law without exception. 所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。Do you observe Christmas？你们过圣诞节吗？3) observation
n．观察，观察力observer
n．观察者
eality： n. 真实；现实/实际；逼真；真实的事物
The reality is that. 现实的情况就是那样。
the distinction between fantasy and reality 幻想与现实间的区别
TV is used as an escape from reality. 电视是逃避The reality is that young people will not go into teaching until salaries are higher.
in reality: 事实上，实际上。
In reality, violent crimes are still extremely rare.
The house looks very old, but in reality it's quite new. 这所房子看起来很旧，实际上很新。
vt. 领悟；了解；实现；实行
realise an ambition/hope/goal
实现抱负/愿望/目标
I suddenly realized that the boy was crying.He finally realised his dream of becoming an actor. 他当演员的梦想终于实现了。
She never realized her ambition of winning an Olympic gold medal.ealistic:
adj.
现实主义的；写实主义的
Be realistic — you can't expect a big salary at eighteen. 实际一点吧——你别指望十八岁就能挣高薪。
adopt： vt.
采纳；采用；收养
adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见采用adopt a child领养孩子He adopted my suggestion采纳建议。All the suggestions put forward at the meeting were adopted.
会上提的所有的建议都被采纳了。
Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了新的教学方法。Having no children of their own, they decided to adopt an orphan. 因没亲生儿女决定领养一个孤儿My mother was adopted by a kindhearted couple when she was four.母亲4岁时被一对好心夫妇收养。
doption: n.采用采纳；收养领养
adoptedadj.收养的，被采用的 adoptive: adj.有收养关系的
We are talking about the adoption of a new plan for the picnic. 我们正谈论采纳新的野餐计划。
There are many adopted words in the English language. 在英语中有很多外来词。
dapt: 意为“使适应；改编，改写”。 adapt to意为“使…适应；改编，改写”。
Anna
herself quickly to the new climate. 安娜很快适应了新气候。
They ______ the novel because there were so many ______ words in it.
A. adapted; adopted
B. adopted; adaptedC. adapted; adopting
D. adopted; adapting
adjust to 调整；适应Animals adjust themselves to their environment. 动物能适应自己生活的环境。apply to 适用…申请/要求 The law applied to all persons. 这项法律适用于所有人apply for 申请
applied for a passport / a scholarship申请护照申请奖学金im:
n. 目标,目的goal
导学P43-8
Her aim in the final examination is getting the first position in her class. 期末考试目标是班上第一。
Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.
为实现目标需要团结协作。
aim of：…的目的
The aim of the research is to find new food sources.
with the aim of doing sth.:
以…为目的/其目的是…
a party with the aim of helping the victims
take aim at /take aim at sb./sth.:
瞄准…Take careful aim at the target. 认真瞄准靶子
v瞄准…，以…为目标；目是旨在；打算；意欲
to try or intend to achieve something
aim to do sth立志做某事；意欲做某事
When Jane was still a little girl, she aimed to become a pianist.
aim sthat sth. 把…瞄准…，目的在于
He aimed his gun at the target. 他把抢瞄准目标.
aim at doing) sth. 旨在；针对The book aims at increasing the students’ historical knowledge.
We aim at quality rather than quantity. 我们的目的是重质不重量。
China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agrculture.
中国长期以来就处在致力于发展农业的基因研究领域的前沿。Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at a weight loss of ten pounds.
be aimed at sth.
以…为目标；瞄准…The book is aimed at very young children. 这书的对象是幼童。
stand： vi. 站立，直立It looks like we'll have to stand - there are no seats left. 看来我们得站了，没位置留下了。
vt. 忍受容忍bear/ tolerate
(常用于否定句或疑问句与can或could连用，后面通常接名词或动名词)I just can’t stand the cold.受不了冷。 He can’t stand being treated like that.不能忍受那样对待。
can’t stand sb./sth./doing sth. 无法忍受某人/事做某事can't stand sb/sth.doing sth.不能忍受…做某事Lily can't stand working in an office. 无法忍受在办公室上班。
I can't stand people smoking around me when I'm eating. 无法忍受在我吃饭时，别人在旁边抽烟。
拓展stand still/easy不许动(立正/稍息)
Stand still (= do not move) and listen to me. 站着别动！听我说。
stand by袖手旁观；支持(某人) ；遵守How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that? 他那样虐狗，你怎能袖手旁观呢？stand for代表，象征；支持，拥护What does the mark stand for? 这个标记代表什么？
stand out显眼，突出；醒目To make the notice stand out, better write in a bright color. 为使通知引人注目，最好用鲜色写。
n. 看台，摊子；立场music stand
an exhibition stand
take one’s stand 站在…立场’s stand toward sth.
…对…的立场
unusual： adj.
different from what is usual or normal
罕有的/异乎寻常的；独特的/与众不同的
an unusual feature独特的/与众不同的相貌
It's unusual for Dave to be late.
It's not unusual (=it is quite common) to feel very angry in a situation like this.
longer/higher/worse … than usual 比正常/平时长/高/糟
It is taking longer than usual for orders to reach our customers.订单到客户那比平时要花更长时间。
as usual:
像往常一样
As usual, they'd left the children at home.
16．destroy
vt. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭毁坏指彻底的破坏难修复也可损坏抽象的名誉、计划、努力等。completely / totally destroy
destroy one's confidence / hope / faith etc
导学P49-5
The school was completely destroyed by fire. 学校被大火彻底烧毁了。
The eny destroyed the city.
The forest was destroyed by fire.
He didn’t mean to destroy our hope.
他并不是存心摧毁我们的希望。
He knocked over a bottle of milk and
the table cloth. 他打翻了一瓶牛奶，把桌布弄脏了。The bridge was destroyed by the flood.
桥梁因洪水而受损。Failure was slowly destroying him.
失败渐渐地把他毁了。
estruction:
n. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭毁坏比较amage:
v. / n. 指价值用途降低或外表损坏，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复do/cause damage to 对…造成损害
The new law has done a lot of damage to the government’s popularity. 这条新法律给政府的声望带
The storm caused great damage.Many of the books were damaged by fire.
来很大损失.uin:
vt ./ n. (实际，抽象)强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题；还可表示“使破产；糟蹋掉”的意思；
1) 弄坏,毁掉,毁坏,破坏
ruin one’s health
an ancient ruined city
The storm ruined crops.
The fire ruined the house.
The bad weather ruined our holiday.
She poured water all over my painting and ruined it.
2) 使倾家荡产
I only ruin you. I can’t give you happiness.
be in ruins 是一片废墟,落空 The house across the street were in ruins.
The town is in ruins.
fall into ruin
已成废墟The house fell into ruin.
harm:
vt. 伤害,损害,危害n. 损坏(同damage), 伤害（可指人）
Smoking will harm you.I have never harmed anyone. 从没伤害过任何人do harm to
He means no harm. 他本无恶意.
It wouldn’t do him any harm to work a little harder.
他工作再努力一些对他没有害处
be harmful to
Smoking is harmful to health.
抽烟对健康有害。
1．get/be tired of :
厌倦…；对…厌We are tired of the same food for breakfast every morning. 每天早餐吃同样的食物，我们感到厌倦了。
They have got tired of the same food every day.
他们已厌倦了天天吃同样的饭。He is tired of reading the text again and again. 他一遍地读课文都烦了。学生对学校生活变得厌倦。
Many students are getting tired of the school life because of so much stress. 由于那么多的压力，许多
辨析：1) be tired of表示“厌烦…”。
Don’t you feel tired of sitting there all day long doing nothing? 整天坐在那里无所事事你不烦吗？
I’m tired of watching television. Let’s go for a walk. 我看烦了电视，我们去散散步吧！
2) be tired from表示“因…而疲倦”。
I’m very tired from running as fast as I can. 奋力奔跑后，我感到很疲倦。
All of us got tired from climbing the mountain. 我们所有的人爬山都爬累了。
拓展be tired from/with因…而疲倦
be tired out精疲力竭；十分疲劳tiring adj.令人厌烦的；无聊的
Being tired from a whole day's journey, she slept like a log.由于整天旅行的疲劳，她睡得很沉。
I must sit down and rest, I am .
我一定得坐下歇一歇，我累极了。
be fond of ： 喜欢;喜爱后面跟名词或动名词。
I am fond of watching television. 我喜欢看电视。
Are you fond of listening to music? 你喜欢听音乐吗
tell by：从…可看出从…中辨别出来；依……而判断(教材)I can tell by the style.根据风格辨别出来Don’t tell a person by his or her appearance.
不要以貌取人。You can tell by the way it walks that the dog has been injured. 从狗走路的样子你可判断出它受伤了。短语:
tell the difference between … and …说出区分…和…之间的不同之处tell A from B 把A和B区分开tell ... apart
区分，辨别
tell the truthto tell (you) the truth说实话
tell a story/joke/lie讲故事/笑话/说谎
I could tell he was angry by/from his expression. 从他的表情我看得出他生气了。
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother by their looks?能从相貌上把汤姆和他孪生兄弟辨开吗？
Can you tell the difference between the two pictures?你能辨别这两幅画的不同吗？
You must learn to tell right from wrong.你必须学会明辨是非。
I can't tell the twin sisters apart.我分不清这对双胞胎姐妹。
I don’t really want to go out，to tell (you) the truth. 说实话，我并不是真的想出去。
put off ： 推迟，延期后接名词代词动名词作宾语。
(教材)She put off completing the picture, because she didn't like it. 推迟画的完成时间，因不喜欢这画了。
Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
The meeting has been put off till next week.会议已推迟到下星期了。We’ll have to put off going on vacation until you’re better. 得把假期推迟，直到你好些为止。拓展put aside: 撇开把…放一边置之不理节省储蓄储存put … away: 把…收好放起来收拾；储存
put back放回；推迟，延迟；拨回put down: 写下，记下放下；击败；平定
put forward提出，提前；把……向前拨put on: 穿上，戴上；上演演出
put out:
熄灭，扑灭；生产，制造
put together：组合; 综合
put up举起建造；张贴，公布；接待，供膳宿put up with: 忍受，忍耐
The working party has put forward a good case for moving to a new site.特别工作组提出了一条很好的迁往新址的理由。
I don’t know how you put up with their constant quarreling. 不知你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。
Wis over and the heaters have been put away.
冬天过去了，都收起来了。
He put aside his work to spend more time with his son. 他把工作暂时搁下以便有更多时间陪儿子。
We put on a song and dance performance to welcome the guests. 我们表演歌舞，欢迎来宾。
take turns：轮流take turns to do sth. / take turns at doing sth./ do sth. by turns 轮流做某事
(教材)Take turns to ask questions.轮流提问。 We took turns to ask questions.我们轮流问问题。
Look at the picture and take turns to tell the story.看图，轮流讲故事。
The two daughters took turns to look after their sick mother.
两个女儿轮流照看生病的母亲。
The doctors
joining in the mobile medical team now. 医生们轮流参加巡回医疗队。
He gets cheerful and sad .他情绪高一阵低一阵。 We did the work by turns.轮流做这项工作。
拓展in turn依次轮流反过来
by turns 轮流地时而…时而…
It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
The girls called out their names in turn. 那些女孩依次报出自己的名字。
Tom, it's your turn to do the dishes today. 汤姆，今天该你洗餐具了。
It’s my turn to clean the room.轮到我打扫房间了。 It’s your turn to recite the text.轮到你背课文了。
You are asked to see our headmaster in turn. 要求你们依次去见我们校长。in return 作为回报
含take的短语:take after像；仿效……take away取走take care of照顾
take down拿下；记下take from减少；降低take off拿掉;取消;脱衣;起飞
take out拿出；取出;去掉take to开始;喜欢;沉溺于take up拿起;开始从事;继续