名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年各地的高考试题不难发现，连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外，在同位语从句中，经常考查that的用法。除此之外，其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。
1．(2016·北京，31)________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A．That
B．What
C．Who
D．Which
2．(2016·湖南，28)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell______close you may be to victory.
A．how
B．that
C．which
D．where
3．(2016·江西，30)________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A．Whoever
B．Whatever
C．Whichever
D．Wherever
4．(2016·山东，30)It's good to know________the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
A．what
B．whose
C．which
D．that
5．(2016·陕西，20)It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．whether
6．(2016·天津，15)________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A．That
B．Which
C．Whether
D．What
7．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，26)Police have found________appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A．which
B．where
C．how
D．what
8．(2016·浙江，16) The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A．how
B．that
C．which
D．whether
9．(2016·安徽，21)From space, the earth looks blue.This is ________about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A．why
B．how
C．because
D．whether
10．(2016·四川，6)________you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A．When
B．How
C．What
D．That
that与 what”
【例1】 It is by no means clear ________ the president can do to end the strike.
A．how
B．which
C．that
D．what
【例2】 His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out ________ it is he is trying to express.
A．that
B．how
C．who
D．what
【例3】 Before the problem can be solved，it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.A．what
B．that
C．which
D．why
1．________ seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.
A．It
B．Which
C．What
D．That
2．Meals in Spain are quite different from ________ they have in China.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．whom
3．Believe it or not，I'm sure that is ________ people call the six sense.
A．when
B．what
C．which
D．why
that用于定语从句、宾语从句，what用于宾语从句、主语从句。做题时，首先通过分析句子结构来确定是什么类型的从句；其次看从句中缺哪种成分，缺主语或宾语就考虑用代词what，who，whatever，whoever等，否则就考虑用副词。若不缺少任何句子成分就用that。
whether”
【例4】 It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how
B．whether
C．what
D．why
【例5】 We've offered her the job，but I don't know ________ she'll accept it.
A．where
B．what
C．whether
D．which
【例6】 The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A．where
B．whether
C．that
D．why
4．It is still under discussion ________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
A．whether
B．when
C．which
D．where
5． At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ________ it got any better.
A．when
B．how
C．why
D．if
只用whether不用if的情况：
whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a．引导主语从句并放在句首时，用whether；
b．引导表语从句时，用whether；
c．引导宾语从句并作介词宾语时，用whether；
d．从句后有“or not”时，用whether；
e．后接动词不定式时，用whether。
【例7】I made a promise to myself ________ this year，my first year in high school，would be different.
A．whether
B．what
C．that
D．how
【例8】 The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.
A．when
B．that
C．whether
D．how
【例9】 Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what
B．which
C．that
D．where
6．________ was known to us all that Johnson had broken his promise ________ he would give each of us a small gift.
A．As；which
B．What；that
C．It；that
D．It；which
7． When the news came ________ the war broke out，he decided，to serve in the army.
A．since
B．which
C．that
D．because
8．Have you noticed the problem ________ he is now in low spirits？________ come?
A．where；What
B．that；How
C．in which；For
D．what；As
连接代词that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别
连接代词that引导同位语从句时，应放在某些抽象名词如news，word(消息)，idea，fact，hope，desire，thought等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，连接代词that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担当任何成分，因此that引导的同位语从句是完整的，不缺任何成分。
关系代词that引导定语从句时，关系代词that一方面起引导定语从句的作用，另一方面，that在定语从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。因此，that引导的定语从句是残缺的。如：
The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句，不缺任何成分)
我们的足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。
The news(that)we heard on the radio was not true.(定语从句，缺少宾语)
我们在收音机里听到的那个消息不是真的。
【例10】 It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether
B．where
C．which
D．that
【例11】 ________ was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
A．It
B．This
C．What
D．As
9． It doesn't matter ________ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
A．whether
B．how
C．if
D．when
10．It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A．that
B．how
C．when
D．why
11．________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
A．Anyone
B．The one
C．Whoever
D．Who
1．引导词
(1)从属连词作引导词：that，whether，if。
(2)连接代词作引导词：what，who，which，whatever，whoever。
(3)连接副词作引导词：how，when，where，why
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
2．有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型
注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)＋do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary(important，natural，strange，etc.)that(should)＋do...
It is suggested(requested，proposed，desired，etc.)that(should)＋do...
【例12】 As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.
A．whatever
B．whichever
C．whenever
D．wherever
【例13】 The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.
A．what
B．how
C．that
D．why
【例14】 His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out ________ it is he is trying to express.
A．that
B．how
C．who
D．what
12．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain.
A．wherever
B．however
C．whatever
D．whichever
13．We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A．who
B．whom
C．whoever
D．whomever
14． Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers.
A．when
B．how
C．that
D．whether
1．that通常不可省略的情况
(1)主语从句中，that从句置于句首时；
(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略；
(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。
2．wh－ever与no matter wh－的用法区别
wh－ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；而no matter wh－只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Whatever I said，he wouldn't listen to me.
＝No matter what I said，he wouldn't listen to me.
无论我说什么，他都不会听我的。(让步状语从句)
He would believe whatever I said.
我说什么他都信。(宾语从句)
另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如：
Wherever have you been？你究竟去了哪里？
【例1】 I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
A．why
B．when
C．which
D．what
【例】 I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is ________ he never finishes anything.
A．that
B．when
C．where
D．why
【例】 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was ________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A．what
B．that
C．why
D．whether
【变式探究】
1．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree.You should have a more active life.
A．where
B．how
C．when
D．what
．The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park.
A．where
B．how
C．when
D．why
．Engines are to machines ________ hearts are to animals.
A．as
B．that
C．what
D．which
1．引导词有连词that(that不可省)，whether；代词有who，whom，what，which；副词when，where，how，why等。如：
The problem is that we didn't get in touch with him.
注意：①当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.
②whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。1．After three hours'climbing，they reached ________ they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of.
A．what
B．which
C．where
D．that
2．A plan has been put forward ________ more graduates should go to work in the country.
A．when
B．that
C．whether
D．how
3．It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A．that
B．when
C．what
D．how
4．—You can't imagine ________ fantastic fun online chatting is.
—Really？But it may cause a lot of trouble sometimes.
A．what
B．how
C．why
D．so
5．________ made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A．What；because
B．What；that
C．That；what
D．That；because
6．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A．however
B．whatever
C．whichever
D．whenever
7．—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that ________ you had a few days off?
A．why
B．when
C．that
D．where
8．It was a matter of ________ would take the position.
A．who
B．whoever
C．whom
D．whomever
9．________ you have seen both fighters，________ will win?
A．Since；do you think who
B．As；who you think
C．When；whoever
D．Since；who do you think
10．China's success in manned－spacecraft travel shows ________ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A．what
B．which
C．/
D．it that