equal
adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的n.(地位等)相同的人；对手；相等的事物vt.等于，比得上
(教材原句)His first victory was to win the equal rights for blacks to sit on buses.他的第一次胜利就是为黑人赢得了乘坐公共汽车的平等权利。 (1)be equal to等于；与……相等；胜任
be equal in在……方面相同/相等 (2)A equal(s) B A和B相等/平等 (3)equally adv.相等地，相同地；公开地
equality n．同等；平等 ①So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.(2016·天津卷，D)
所以我们追逐幸福，并把它等同于财富和成功，没有注意到拥有这些的人不一定快乐。 ②I'm sure Yao Ming ________ the new job that requires patience and skills.
我确信姚明能胜任需要耐心和技能的这份新工作。 答案 ②is equal to compete vi.比赛，竞争，对抗
(教材原句)He has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each other.他一直都严格要求他的女儿们，努力地训练她们去互相竞争。
compete for为……而竞争
compete with/against与……竞争
compete in在……方面竞争 ①Small shops can't compete in prices with big companies.小店是无法在价格上跟大公司进行竞争的。 ②Several companies________________ each other________the contract/to gain the contract.
几家公司正为争取这项合同而互相竞争。 答案 ②are competing with/against；for promote
vt.促进，提升
(教材原句)He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.他募捐了大量的钱财来促进背部受伤的医学研究。
(1)promote sb (from sth) to sth
把某人(从……)提升/晋升为…… (2)promotion n．晋升；宣传；促销 ①It (Friendship) offers companionship, improves selfworth and promotes good health.(2012·辽宁卷任务型阅读)
友谊可以提供同伴的情谊，提高自我价值，改善身体健康。 ②The young army officer ________________ (the rank of) captain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。 答案 ②was promoted to involve vt.涉及；参与
(教材原句)This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.这就是我参与慈善活动，为残疾人募捐，以便提高他们生活质量的情况。 (1)be/get involved in卷入；专注于
involve...in...使……卷入……；使……专注于…… (2)involve doing sth＝include doing sth包括做某事 ①Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program. (2012·江西卷，C)
莎拉想参加一个志愿者项目。 ②The test will ______________ questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答关于一张照片的问题。 答案 ②involve/include answering
①I love the Internet.I've come to know many friends on the Net. (2012·安徽卷单项填空)
我喜欢网络，我已经在网上认识了许多朋友。 ②______________________，I know nothing.
当谈到修理计算机的时候，我一窍不通。 答案 ②When it comes to repairing computers pull through 使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关
(教材原句)The doctor said I was not going to pull through.医生说我无法康复了。
pull down拉下；拆毁；摧毁；推翻
pull out拔掉；离开；(火车)离站
pull in (to)到站；(火车)进站
pull together齐心协力 ①He is still quite sick, but the doctor is sure he will pull through.
他的病依然很重，但医生相信他会好起来。 ②The father saw the train his son was on ________， with his eyes full of tears.
那位父亲眼含泪水看着载着他儿子的火车驶出站。 答案 ②pull out
[句 式 诠 释] (教材原句)We were driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us.
我们正在一个乡村车道上行驶，正在这时突然有一辆轿车超过了我们。
句中包括了“be doing...when...”固定句式，表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。其中when不能换成while，as, then等。
when用作并列连词句型归纳： be doing...when...正在做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做完某事这时…… be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时…… ①We were about to telephone you when your telegram arrived.我们正准备给你打电话，这时你的电报来了。 ②The coach was just on the point of giving up the game when our team scored two points.
教练正准备放弃比赛，这时我们队得了两分。 ③The children ________________ on the play ground ________ it began to rain.
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时突然下起了雨。 答案 ③were playing football；when ①The young woman，with a baby sleeping in her arms, was wandering in the street.那位年轻的妇女，抱着一个熟睡的婴儿，漫步在大街上。 ②With so many problems ________， Edward Snowden will have a hard time.因为有许多问题要解决，爱德华·斯诺登将有一段艰难的时期。 ③________________， they went home happily.
做完作业，他们高高兴兴地回家了。 答案 ②to solve ③With their homework finished (教材原句)Brandi, the sisters' mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing
their tennis careers.这对姐妹的母亲布兰迪在家里教她们，这样在她们发展网球事业的同时，也可以完成高中学业。
while developing...是while they were developing their tennis careers的省略。在表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的状语从句中，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语为it时，且从句谓语动词含有be动词，常将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。 ①You should stay where you are，________________ to leave.
你应待在现在的地方不动，除非叫你离开。 ②________________， I wish to go there next summer.如果可能的话，我希望明年夏天去那儿。
答案 ①unless (you are) asked ②If (it is) possible * 考点归纳拓展 基础知识通关
[写 作 必 备] 基础词汇 1．respectable adj. 令人尊敬的 2．achievement n.
成就 3．confident adj.
自信的 4．aggressive adj.
有进取心的 5．determination n.
决心 6．attractive adj.
有魅力的 7．distinguished adj.
杰出的 8．with a strong will
有坚强的意志 9．do research on
对……做研究 10．be determined to do sth
决心做…… ·必考话题2 社会 提分句型 1．So hard does Feng Gong work that he seldom goes home.冯巩工作如此努力，以至于很少回家。
2．As a dedicated player，Yao Ming sets us a good example.作为一名富有献身精神的运动员，姚明给我们树立了一个良好的榜样。 3．With great determination and perseverance，she commits to helping the blind and deaf
children，which makes a great contribution to the charity.
凭着无比的决心和毅力，她全身心帮助盲聋儿童，为慈善事业作出重大贡献。 写作内容 请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物。 姓名：Allan Stewart 国籍：澳大利亚 出生日期：1915年3月7日 世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位*时年龄最大 学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。 第一个学位：1936年获得 第二个学位：医学博士** [美 文 赏 析] 素材示例 (2012·广东卷)你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。
第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。 第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。 *硕士学位：master's degree；**博士：doctor 要求：只能用5个句子表达全部内容。 评分标准：句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。 ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ It seems impossible to get a master's degree at the age of 91，but a man did it，breaking the world record in 2006.The master，who is from Ausralia，is Allan Stewart. 佳作播报
Allan got his first degree in his life at 21 as many other people did and his second one was a doctor's degree he achieved not long later.However，to people's surprise，in his eighties.Allan decided to take the course of law with a strong will and as a result，he won again and so the third degree of master came.So respectable was he that① he didn't even stop
learning through Internet.Considering his ages，he gave the world a big thrill again when attaining his fourth degree in 2012 because of his high effciency，which had been praised by his teachers and as his saying goes：Challenge myself and it's never too late to learn！② 1．So respectable was he that...，so＋adj放在句首，主句用部分倒装。
[模拟] So absorbed was he in his work that he couldn't see me pass by.
他如此集中精力于工作以至于没有发现我从旁边经过。 2．...it's never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。too...to...与否定词连用表肯定意义。
[模拟] It's never too late
to
mend.
亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。
Ⅰ.核心单词 1．________(adj.)慷慨的，大方的→________
(adv.)慷慨地，宽大地→________(n.)慷慨；大方 2．________(adj.)暴力的→________(adv.)猛烈地→________(n.)暴力，暴行 3．________(n.)人物；性格；角色→________(n.)特性，特征；特色(adj.)典型的；特有的 4．________(vt.)探测；勘探→________(n.)探测；探究；探索 5．________(adj.)平等的→________(adv.)平等地→________(n.)相等；平等 6．________(adj.)镇静的，沉着的 7．________(vt.)犯(错误)，干(坏事) 8．________(vi.)比赛，竞争→________(n.)比赛→________(n.)竞争者，对手→________
(adj.)竞争的；比赛的 9．_______(adv.)幸运地→_______(adj.)幸运的→________(n.)运气；财富；命运 10．________(vt.)促进；提升→________(n.)提升；晋升；促销 11．________(n.)伤害，损害→________(vt.)伤害，损害→________(adj.)受伤的 12．________(vi.)反应→________(n.)反应 13．________(adj.)残疾的→________(vt.)使残疾，使无效→________(n.)残疾 14．________(adj.)自信的→________(adv.)自信地→________(n.)自信；信任 15．________(vt.)钦佩，羡慕→________(n.)钦佩，羡慕 16．________(adv.)当然；绝对地→________(adj.)绝对的，完全的 17．________(vt.)涉及，参与→________(adj.)参与某活动(事件)的 答案 1.generous；generously；generosity 2.violent；violently；violence 3.character；characteristic 4.explore；exploration 5.equal；equally；equality 6.calm 7.commit 8.compete；competition；competitor；competitive 9.fortunately；fortunate；fortune 10.promote；promotion
11．injury；injure；injured 12.react；reaction 13.disabled；disable；disability 14.confident；confidently；confidence 15.admire；admiration 16.absolutely；absolute 17.involve；involved All the athletes compete in the competition equally and peacefully.They are skillful，generous and fortunate.Their reaction against violence and disaster is strong. ——词不离句，句不离段 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．发射，升空 ________________ 2．数百万
________________ 3．释放，泄露，发出
________________ 4．在我看来
________________ 5．独立地
________________ 6．放弃
________________ 7．开始(认识、理解)
________________ 8．与……比赛/竞争
________________ 9．get on
________________ 10．get involved with
________________ 11．pull through
________________ 12．commit suicide
________________ 13．far too
________________ 14．come off it
________________ 15．in the course of
________________ 答案 1.lift off 2.millions of 3.let out 4.in my opinion 5.on one‘s own 6.give up 7.come to do something 8.compete against 9.融洽相处；进展 10.参加，参与 11.使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关 12.自杀 13.太，极为 14.别胡说，住口 15.在……的过程中 ①The little girl let out a cry at the sight of the snake. ②I'm not going to buy that radio; for one thing I don't like the colour, and for another it's far too expensive. ③Determined to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes. ④If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. ⑤He was badly hurt.The doctor said he was hardly going to pull through. ——小试身手，聚焦短语 Ⅲ.经典句式 1．We were driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us.我们正在一个乡村车道上行驶，正在那时突然有一辆轿车超过我们。
[解读]be doing sth when...正在做某事这时/那时……
[模拟]I ________(正在观看) the program Star Avenue (星光大道)________(这时)someone knocked at the door. 2．Jennifer was in the kitchen, with her hands in a bowl of flour, when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.
詹妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里，这时她看到一个小男孩爬进了一辆卡车。
[解读]with＋复合宾语
[模拟]Jennifer was in the kitchen，________________(双手在面粉碗里)，when she saw a small boy climb into a truck. 3．Brandi, the sisters' mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.
布兰迪，这对姐妹的母亲，在家里教她的女儿们，使得她们在培养网球能力的同时也完成了高中学业。
[解读]状语从句的省略
[模拟]________________(当谈到)her teaching in space, Wang Yaping felt very excited.
答案 1.was watching；when 2.with her hands in a
bowl of flour 3.While referring to/talking about Ⅳ.必背句法——一般过去时、过去进行时与现在完成时 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．—Remember how we met for the first time, Dick?
—Of course I do.You________(walk) to the teachers' office hurriedly and________(not, notice) me. 2．When you are home, give me a call to let me know you________(arrive) safely. 3．The construction of this building started two years ago, but it________(not, complete) so far due to various reasons. 4．Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ________(be) busy. 5．The book has been translated into thirty languages since it________(come) on the market in 1973. 答案 1.were walking；didn't notice 2.have arrived 3．has not been completed 4.was 5.came ①By the time he realizes he________________ a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.
当他意识到已经走进陷阱的时候，对他来说做什么事情都为时已晚。 ②I ________________along the street looking for a place to park when the accident________.
我正沿着街道找停车位，这时发生了事故。 ③Sorry, I'm late.The car________________on my way here.对不起，我迟到了，在我来的路上车坏了。 ④More than one student in that school________________to study medicine last year.
去年，那所学校送很多学生出国学习医学。 —— 条分缕析，步步为营 答案 ①has walked into ②was going；occurred ③broke down ④was sent abroad
[词 汇 精 解] calm adj.镇静的，沉着的v.使平静下来；
(使)镇静下来
[牛津]As is known to us all, it is important to keep calm in an emergency.
众所周知，在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。 (1)be/keep/stay/remain calm冷静；保持镇静 (2)calm oneself保持镇定
calm down平息，使平静；平静下来，镇静下来 ①Calm down, you'll all get your turn.(2011·广东卷，C)
安静，会轮到你的。 ②Some stars ________ by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. (2016·北京卷，C)
一些明星通过把自己包围在可信赖的朋友和家人当中或逃到远离大城市遥远的地方来保持清静。 词语辨析 calm “镇静的，平静的”，主要指人“沉着镇定”，指自然界“无风无浪” silent 主要指人“沉默的，不出声的”，但不一定无活动 quiet “安静的，宁静的”，指人时表示生性安静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态 still “安静的，不动的”，不指心理状态，指环境和人“静的，静止的”状态 ③She is a ________girl. She stood________and kept ________ when the teacher asked her some questions.But after a while she answered all the questions in a ________ voice.
答案 ②stay calm ③quiet；still；silent；calm character n．品格，品质；特征，特性；(小说、戏剧中的)人物，角色；(汉)字，字体
(教材原句)Listen to descriptions of three film characters.听三位电影角色的描述。 观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义 ①Her husband was a man of good character, wellliked and respected by his colleagues.
________ ②At the end of the story, the main character, a young man had to leave his girlfriend.
________ ③Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China.
________ ④You must get rid of the bad habit, because it can affect your character.
________ (1)be in/out of character是/不是本来的性格 (2)characteristic adj.特有的，典型的n.特征，特点 ⑤It is ________for John to cheat in the exam.
对约翰来说，在考试中作弊不合乎他的性格。 答案 ①品质，品格 ②人物，角色 ③汉字 ④性格 ⑤out of character 考点归纳拓展 基础知识通关 *
come to do something 开始(认识、理解)
(教材原句)Four days after the injury, I came to understand my situation.
受伤四天后，我开始意识到自己的处境。
(1)come to
(2)when it comes to...当谈到……的时候
(教材原句)Jennifer was in the kitchen, with her hands in a bowl of flour...
珍妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里和面……
with her hands in a bowl of flour是with复合结构，作伴随状语。“with＋宾语＋宾补”构成with复合结构在句中通常表示伴随情况，作状语，有时也可以作定语，说明所修饰名词的特征。其构成通常为：
with＋宾语＋