12．When in doubt about the meaning of a word, ________ the dictionary. A. look up
B. consult C. grasp
D. approach to 答案与解析：B look up作“查找”解时，其宾语是要查找的词语，如look it up in the dictionary; consult意为“请教，参考”，符合题意。句意：当你对一个词的意义没有把握时，就查一下词典。 13．—It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help. —That's right. ________. A. Any hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done 答案与解析：A 句意：——如果我们在聚会后都自愿帮忙的话，那清理工作应该不会花很长时间。——是的，人多活儿轻嘛。B项“聊胜于无”；C项“多多益善”；D项“速战速决”。考查目的——在语境中英语谚语的应用。 14．Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and ________ to lose my face, I gave up this year's civil service exam. A．didn't want
B．not wanted C．not wanting
D．not to want 答案与解析：C 这个句子是陈述句语序，句意：想到我还没充分准备的事实，并且我也不想丢脸，我放弃了本年度的CSE。And连接两个并列的成分，and之前是一个现在分词短语，那空格处自然也要用现在分词。选C项。 15．I would appreciate ________ if you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment. A. until
B. it C. when
D. that 答案与解析：B it用在hate, dislike, like, love, enjoy, appreciate等动词后，充当形式宾语，后接一个从句，且从句前不用补足语。“I hate (like, enjoy, love)＋it＋when从句”表示“我不喜欢/喜欢……”；“I appreciate＋it＋if从句”表示“我很感激……”。 Ⅱ.阅读理解 A
You may open your electronic mail and find information about how to buy medicine, cheap airline tickets, books and, of course, computers and computer products.
There may also be offers for investment deals, bank loans and special holidays. However, to many computer users, this use of electronic spare to sell products has become a major problem as it makes computer communication more difficult.
Many companies who want to send a great deal of advertising might use the services of a “spammer”. A spammer is a person or company that uses computers to send out millions of copies of the same sales information. Spammers find email addresses from websites, news groups and “chat rooms” where people send messages to each other. Most spare is sent by
companies who are trying to get you to buy their products.
Some of these are honest companies that offer good products or
services for a fair price. These companies can offer their products at a cheaper price than you might find in a store. However, much of the spam on the Internet is sent by criminals who
are trying to sell products that do not exist or offer services
they will not provide. They are only interested in stealing your
money. When you answer their spam, you find you are expected to send them money and receive a gift.
One country in Africa has become famous for the number of criminals who try
every known trick to separate people from their money.
16. What does the underlined word “spare” probably refer to? A. Companies that send out millions of copies of the same
sales information. B. Advertisements sent out by companies who want to sell
their products. C. Computer virus that causes computer communication difficulties. D. Unwanted electronic information that reaches computer
users. 答案与解析：D 根据语境可知在网络中，罪犯想买根本不存在的产品或不能提供的服务，因而发送spam。spam应是信息的意思，而不是公司，广告或电脑病毒。
17. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Companies who advertise a lot are referred to as spammers. B. Spammers are people who receive spam on their computers. C. Spammers are people who collect many email addresses
from websites. D. Either individuals or organizations can be spammers if
they send out spam. 答案与解析：D spammer是垃圾邮件制造者。A项做很多广告的公司是spammer，是错误的。B项spammer是接收信息的人。C项spammer是指从网站上收集很多电子邮件地址的人，故选D项，无论是个人或组织，只要发送垃圾邮件都是。
18. Which is the possible suggestion from the writer concerning spam? A. Look out for any spam that reaches your computer. B. Spam is sent out by those who want to separate you from your money. C. Spam is very helpful in providing you with useful information about product sales. D. Spam helps companies to sell more of their products so it should be valued by people. 答案与解析：A 从文章最后一段可知spammer最感兴趣的是偷你的钱。当你回复垃圾邮件时，你会发现他让你给他钱，而你会得到礼物，因此选A项。
B Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.
Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily difficulties. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people protect themselves from illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and coworkers may let us know that they value us. Our selfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to explain and understand our problems and find solutions to them.
Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distract(转移……注意力 ) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us important support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us solve and deal with our problems. 19. Research shows that people's physical and mental health
has much to do with________.
A. the social medical system
B. the amount of support they get from others
C. their strength for dealing with interpersonal ties
D. their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles 答案与解析：B 文章第一段最后一句：研究表明社会支持会防止人们身心方面的疾病，选B项。人们身心方面的疾病与他得到他人的社会支持程度有关。 20. The underlined word “cushions” probably means
________.
A. adds up to
B. lessens the effect of
C. does away with
D. lays the foundation for 答案与解析：B 从本段First, Second, Third, Finally的内容可看出有几种办法可以从通过社会支持使人得到帮助，故社会支持能减少压力。 21. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of________.
A. important support
B. informational support
C. social activity
D. the strengthening of selfrespect 答案与解析：A 从第二段Finally可知别人会给我们重要支持。如金融帮助，资源，需要联络帮助有病的邻居修水管属于needed services，故选A项。 21. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of________.
A. important support
B. informational support
C. social activity
D. the strengthening of selfrespect 答案与解析：A 从第二段Finally可知别人会给我们重要支持。如金融帮助，资源，需要联络帮助有病的邻居修水管属于needed services，故选A项。 Ⅲ.短文改错 Up until I was about 10 years old, I was the same that everyone else in my class. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I was used to dream about one day being famous football player and representing my country in the World Cup. Then I start to get weaker and weaker. Some days I was too tired of get out of bed. I went into hospital for tests.
I stayed there for nearly three months and missed a lot of schools. I think I had at least a billion tests while I was there, included one which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Only after all the tests, no one could give my disease a name, so it is difficulty to know what the future will be like. 答案： Up until I was about 10 years old, I was the same thatas everyone else in my class. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I was/ used to dream about one day being ∧a famous football player and representing my country in the World Cup. Then I startstarted to get weaker and weaker. Some days I was too tired ofto get out of bed. I went into hospital for tests.
I stayed there for nearly three months and missed a lot of schoolsschool. I think I had at least a billion tests while I was there, includedincluding one ∧in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. OnlyEven after all the tests, no one could give my disease a name, so it is difficultydifficult to know what the future will be like. [解题警示] “not...but”连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。这点和not only...but also连接两个主语时谓语动词用法一致。 Not the teacher but the students are hoping to go there. 不是老师而是学生希望去那儿。 Not you but I am to blame. 不是你而是我应该受罚。 [考试题] ①(湖南三十二校联考)It's just a matter of time before China surpasses Japan in the economic, ________ however big our economic output is, it won't change the fact that China's percapita GDP is very low. A. So
B. But C. Though
D. While 答案与解析：B 此处所缺之词表强烈转折关系，故选B项。句意：中国在经济方面超过日本仅仅是时间问题。但是不管我们的经济总产量有多大，也不会改变中国人均GDP产值很低的事实。 ②(重庆联考)He charged $5,000 for the secondhand car, ________ we managed to bring the price down. A. but
B. so C. when
D. as 答案与解析：A 考查连词的用法。前面提到他要价5000美元，后面提到我们设法(成功地)降低了价格，由此可知空格处表示的是转折意义。 ③(安徽质检)I don't want to bring up the topic, ________ why on earth did you get home that late last night? A. but
B. and C. or
D. so 答案与解析：A 句意：我不想再提那个话题，但昨晚你究竟为什么回家那么晚？前后语意表转折。 2. Work with more than one program in case you have to use them at work.拟定一个以上的项目，以备工作时所需。 in case用作短语连词，能引导状语从句。就其词义和语法职能来分，可引导两种从句，in case/just in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”；in case还可以引导条件从句，表示“万一”。 He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns. 他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。 I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round. 我决定留在家里，以防朋友们不期而至。 In case they're late, we can always sit in the bar. 要是他们来晚了，我们总可以在酒吧里坐一坐。 [解题警示] in case引导的从句表示条件，所以从句中不用将来时态，但可用should, might。 随 堂 检 测
Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The detective has found enough evidence to prove that Mr.King c__________ a robbery two days ago. 2．You'd better c__________ the dictionary for the meaning of the word. 3．If you want an examination, please make an a____________ with my secretary. 4．I'm sorry to b__________ you, but can you direct me to the nearest railway station?
committed consult appointment bother 5．He was glad to find his son keeping his business ________(运作)well when he came back from abroad. 6．I'm afraid you failed to ________(抓住)the breakthrough point to this issue. 7．When four banks failed in one day, there was a p________ among businessmen. 8．He h__________ before picking up the phone because he didn't know how to refuse the invitation to the boring party. operated grasp panic hesitated 9．He is goodnatured and has never q____________ with anyone. 10．It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to r________.
quarreled rewards Ⅱ.选择填空(有两项为多余选项) take charge of, make up, make out, go into detail, speak up, sit up, believe in, turn over, pay off, keep up with, due to, in addition 1．Tell us what happened in a few words, don't ________________. 2．____________， please; I can't hear you. 3．Every spring peasants ____________ the soil to destroy the weeds. 4．She worked hard before the college entrance examination and it ____________. Her dream to go to college came true. go into details Speak up turn over paid off 5．Would you slow down a bit, please? I can't ______________ you. 6．He has been absent from work ____________illness. 7．He ____________some excuses for his being late. 8．As long as you ____________ yourself and keep up your courage, you will certainly be successful sooner or later. keep up with due to made up believe in 9．I met some friends and other people ____________. 10．I ____________late reading a novel, so I'm feeling sleepy now. in addition sat up Ⅲ.根据提示翻译句子 1．一读信，她就开始哭了。(the instant) 答案：The instant she read the letter, she began to cry. 2．他今天不是在学校而是在家。(not...but) 答案：He is not at school but at home today. 3．请提醒我明天的会议，免得我忘记。(in case) 答案：In case I forget, please remind me of the meeting tomorrow. 4．我想要份冷饮而不要咖啡。(rather than) 答案：I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 5．昨天是我告诉她这个消息的。(强调) 答案：It was I that/who told her the news yesterday. Ⅳ.交际用语 1．(安徽联考)—Waiter，________？ —Wait a minute, sir. That's$80 altogether. A. would you charge me B. how much did we eat C. may I have the bill, please D. would you take the money 答案与解析：C 由下文“That's $80 altogether”知选C项。 2．(安徽联考)—It's been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much! —________. A. My pleasure
B. I'm glad to hear that C. No, thanks
D. It's OK 答案与解析：A 由Thank you知选A项，表示“不客气”。 3．(锦州模拟)—He is not coming to attend Mary's wedding, then? —________，but how I wish he could with us! A．So it seems
B．That's all right C．I'd like to
D．Take it easy 答案与解析：A so it seems意思是“似乎如此”，表示某事可能是这样的。 课时检测 (Unit 14 Careers)
Ⅰ.单项填空 1．She was surprised to know that the doctor was ________ too much for the treatment he was giving her. A. affording B. costing C. offering
D. charging 答案与解析：D 句意：医生对她的治疗收费太高，这使她吃惊不小。表示就某种服务“收费”应用charge。afford支付得起；cost花费；offer主动提供。 2．Without a proper education in their childhood, young people would ________ all kinds of crimes. A. conduct
B. perform C. do
D. commit 答案与解析：D 句意：如果年轻人在童年时没有受到适当的教育，他们就有可能犯各种罪。commit“犯罪，犯错”，常和crime连用，符合题意。conduct指控；传导；perform表演，演出； do做。 3．—Do you ________ that he will be sure to give me a hand? —Yes, you can ________ him. He'll never let you down. A. believe; believe in
B. believe; believe C. believe in; believe
D. believe in; believe in 答案与解析：A believe指“相信某事或某人说的话”；believe in相信，信任，信赖，多指信任某人。 4．There is no denying the fact that as one grows older one's memory ________. A. refuses
B. defines C. decreases
D. falls 答案与解析：C 句意：有个不容否认的事实，那就是当一个人年纪大了，他(她)的记忆力就下降了。decrease“降低，减少”，符合题意。refuse拒绝； define下定义；fall落下，掉下。 5．It's not easy to ________ cultured pearls from genuine ones. A. separate
B. distinguish C. divide
D. differ 答案与解析：B 句意：辨别真珍珠和人工养殖的珍珠不容易。distinguish...from...将……与……区别开。separate...from...把……与……分离开；divide...into...把……分成……；differ from与……不同。 6．We don't see animals in their natural ________ at a zoo. A. surroundings
B. surrounding C. environments
D. circumstance 答案与解析：A 句意：我们在动物园中看不到自然环境状态下的动物。surrounding表示“周围环境”时常用复数形式，符合题意。environment指“对人的感觉、道德及观念有影响的环境”；circumstance常用复数，指“与某事或某人有关的事实或情况”。 7．There are so many new words in the article so that we can hardly ________ its main idea before we read it many times. A. catch
B. grasp C. seize
D. snatch 答案与解析：B 根据句意分析可知这里表示“理解，领会”，因此选B项。 8．The little girl is curious ________ everything he saw. A. from
B. about C. of
D. for 答案与解析：B be curious about...对……好奇。 9．British students only have a language ________ for jobs in the USA and Australia. A. chance
B. ability C. possibility
D. advantage 答案与解析：D 本题考查advantage的意思，本句的language advantage的意思是“语言方面的优势”。 10．The seller would sell the purse for fortyfive dollars, but the customer ________ only fifteen dollars. A. asked
B. charged C. sold
D. offered 答案与解析：D ask要求；charge要价，索价； sell卖；offer出价。根据题意可知应选D项。 11．We can surely ________ these difficulties while we are closely united. A. overcome
B. work out C. shift
D. distract 答案与解析：A overcome difficulties意为“克服困难”，work out“计算出”，shift“变换位置”， distract使分心。 13. decrease vt.&vi.减少，降低 n．减少，降低 decrease in sth. 降低，减少 on the decrease 在减少 decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了 increase 增加，提高 [词语辨析] decrease与reduce ①decrease表示大小、数量、质量、数字、力量等变小或减少。 ②reduce常用做及物动词，表示减少费用，紧缩开支等。 [考试题] (2008·山东日照模拟)With the measures taken by the government to increase the rate of employment，now unemployment is ________. A．to decrease
B．on the decrease C．on decrease
D．into decrease 答案：B [预测题] When they got to the busy streets, the driver ________ the speed of the car. A. misused
B. decreased C. knocked
D. examined 答案：B [用decrease或reduce的适当形式填空] B28Our sales are ______________. B29He ______________ the amount of money they could spend. decreasing reduced 14. operate vi.运转，运作 vt.操作 operate on/upon sb.
给某人动手术 be in operation
在运转中；在行动中；在实施中 come/go into operation
开始工作/运转；生效 put/bring into operation
实施；施行 [解题警示] operate作“运转，经营”讲时是及物动词，作“做手术”讲时是不及物动词。 [考试题] (学军中学)The new drug began to ________ not long after it had been taken. A．operate
B．operate on C．combat
D．work on 答案与解析：A operate在此意为“起作用”；operate on做手术；combat斗争，战斗；work on继续工作，影响。 15. respond vi.回复，回答 Clive responded to my suggestion with a laugh. 克利夫对我提的建议报以一笑。 He responded that he would be pleased to attend. 他回答说，他很高兴出席。 [词语辨析] respond, reply与answer ①respond是不及物动词，是正式用语，指“对号召(职责、请求等)作出自发性的适当反应”。 ②reply比answer正式，但是是不及物动词。 ③answer是及物动词，是常用词，可指“口头、笔头回答”，甚至是“行动上的回答”。 [预测题] No one has yet ________ to our complaints so I will write a letter to the newspaper. A. answered
B. settled C. solved
D. responded 答案：D [用respond, reply或answer的适当形式填空] They eagerly ____________ to the Party's call to work in the border regions. I sent in my application, and the university ________ immediately. He
___________ my question. respond(ed) replied answered 16. envy vt.&n.羡慕，忌妒 feel envy at 对……妒忌 out of envy 出于妒忌 envy sb.(for)sth. 妒忌或羡慕某人某事 become the envy of 成为……妒忌(或羡慕)的目标 envious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的 [解题警示] envy作动词时，可接名词、代词和双宾语，还可接at＋动名词，但不能接从句。 [考试题](2008·山东潍坊模拟)The Smiths bought a new house，which was the ________ of their neighbours. A．envy
B．admire C．respect
D．pride 答案：A 17. bother vt.&vi.打扰，烦扰；n.麻烦，不便；令人烦恼的人或事情 bother sb. with/about sth.某事给某人造成麻烦或痛苦 bother about/with sth.为某事而烦恼；因某事操心 have no/much/little bother (in) doing sth.做某事不费力/很费力/几乎不费力 The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 那个问题已经困扰了我几个星期。 Don't bother yourself about me; I am doing quite well. 别为我操心，我一切都好。 [词语辨析] bother, disturb, trouble与annoy ①bother指使人烦恼而引起紧张不安或感到不耐烦。 ②disturb为较正式用词，多用于被动语态，表示使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。 ③trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。 ④annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。 [考试题] B36(黄冈模拟)Excuse me, Mr Black, but I have to ________ you with a few questions. A. ask
B. bother
C. disturb
D. admire 答案：B [用bother, disturb, trouble或annoy的适当形式填空] They were charged with __________ the public peace. Could I ________ you to open the window? These flies are ____________ me. I can't ________ him with my little affairs. disturbing trouble annoying bother 18. panic n．惊恐，惊慌 v．(使)恐慌 get into a panic 惊慌失措(表动作) be in a panic 惊慌失措(表状态) in panic 惊慌地 panicky adj.惊恐/慌的，恐慌的 [解题警示] panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked，现在分词是panicking。 [预测题] The building is on fire！She looked around wildly，but not a soul was in sight；Razzena ________. A．panicked
B．looked C．delighted
D．watched 答案：A 19. due to因为，应归于 be due to do sth.预定要做某事 be due for sth.期望得到某物 [解题警示] due to构成的介词短语在句中一般作表语，也可作状语，但不可位于句首。作状语时，可用because of，owing to, thanks to, as a result of, on account of, for the sake of等短语来代替。owing to短语也可作表语。 [考试题] (郑州质量预测)There would not be a good harvest of wheat this year ________ the drought. A. in spite of
B. apart from C. due to
D. in case of 答案与解析：C 考查介词短语辨析。四个选项都是介词短语，后接名词或动名词。in spite of“虽然，尽管”，与despite同义，表示让步的条件；apart from“除了(＝except for)，此外(＝in addition to, as well as)”；due to“由于”，表示原因，与短语owing to, because of和on account of同义；in case of万一，如果。句意：由于干旱，今年的小麦收成不会太好。所以答案为C项。 (盐城调研)The sports meet, originally ________ be held last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather. A．due to
B．thanks to
C．owing to
D．according to 答案与解析：A 考查介词短语辨析。due to“因为”作介词，也可用于be due to do预定做某事；thanks to多亏了，因为；owing to因为；according to按照。句意：运动会原定于上周五举行，结果因为天气不好被推迟了。知选A项。 20. in addition 此外；还 in addition to 除……以外还 as well as
还；既……又……；也 apart from 除……之外 except
除……之外(不包括在内) except for
除……之外(强调有美中不足) except that(what/when/where) 除了…… besides
除……之外(包括在内)；况且；此外 [解题警示] in addition用于衔接上下文，可单独用于句首，也可以用于句中或句尾。用于句首或句中时要用逗号隔开。in addition to相当于besides，后接名词。 [考试题] (济南模拟)The company provides cheap Internet access. ________， it makes shareware freely available. A. In addition
B. In brief C. In return
D. In common 答案与解析：A 考查介词短语的辨析。句意：那个公司提供便宜的上网服务，而且提供免费的公用软件。A. 而且；B. 简言之；C. 作为报答；D. 共同的，共有的。由句意可知A项正确。
句 型 剖 析
1. It's not about making men more like women, but helping men to communicate as well.那并不是关于让男人变得更象女人，而是帮助男人也会去沟通交流。 not...but是个连词词组，表示“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的成分，表示意思上的转折。 He is not English, but American. 他不是英国人，而是美国人。(连接两个表语) The servant can't read and write in English, but can speak English fluently. 这个仆人不能读英语和写英语，但却能流利地说英语。(连接两个谓语) Not the students but the teacher is hoping to go there. 不是学生而是老师希望去那儿。(连接两个主语) [预测题] ⑦An EnglishChinese dictionary is an important ________ in learning English. A. aid
B. help C. addition
D. support 答案：A [用aid或help的适当形式填空] ⑧They ________ flood victims. ⑨Please ________ me arrange these papers. ⑩We should give a hand to those who need ________. ⑪The driver was badly injured and he needed first ________. aided help help aid 4. consult vt.查阅；咨询，请教 consult with sb.与某人商量，与某人磋商 consult on/about sth.就某事进行磋商 consult sb. about sth.向某人请教、咨询某事 consult reference books/the dictionary翻阅参考书/查词典 consultation n．咨询；请教，磋商 look up(在词典等中)查阅(单词等) Why was I not consulted before you made the decision? 你做决定以前为什么不跟我商量？ Before we can accept the management's offer we must consult with the workers again. 我们在接受资方提出的提议以前要再次同工人们商量。 [解题警示] consult表示“查阅”时，相当于refer to；表示“商量”时，相当于discuss或talk about。 [考试题] (潍坊评估)Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to ________ a scientific theory. A. confirm
B. conclude C. consult
D. confuse 答案与解析：A 句意：由观察和实验所获得的证据经常被用来确认一项科学理论。由句意可知选A项。 (稽阳联考)Please ________ dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning. A. seek
B. inquire C. search
D. consult 答案与解析：D 考查动词辨析。consult dictionaries是“查字典”的意思。 5. make up 编造；弥补 be made up of 由……构成 be made of 用……制成 be made from 用……制成 be made out of 由……制成 make up for 弥补，使平衡 make out 理解，弄清楚；辨认出 [解题警示] make up作“弥补；补偿”讲时，其宾语是耽误的事情；make up for作“弥补；补偿”讲时，是指用其他方式来平衡，其宾语是补偿的目的。 [考试题] (2010·湖南三十二校联考)]A WHO study finds half of all deaths in Africa are children, and people ________ age 60 make ________ half of all deaths around the world. A. under; up
B. below; of C. at; for
D. under; into 答案与解析：A 考查固定短语用法。under age 60：在60岁以下。make up：占据，故A项正确。 (南京调研)Cotton is first made ________ thread and then cloth. A. up of
B. into C. of
D. from 答案与解析：B 考查介词的用法。be made into sth.意思是“被制成……”。句意：棉花首先被制成线，然后被制成布。 6. speak up大声地说，自由而大胆地说出 speak out公开说出来 speak for为(某人)辩护，替(某人)说话 speak of提及 speak highly/well of sb.赞扬/称赞某人 speak badly/evil/ill of sb.说某人坏话 If you thought that wasn't fair, why didn't you speak up? 如果你认为那不公平，为什么不大胆说出来？ It's about time someone spoke up for these basic truths. 该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。 [考试题] (广东江门一中)Please ________—we can't hear you at the back. A. go up
B. speak out C. speak up
D. speed up 答案与解析：C go up上升；speak out公开说出来；speed up加速；speak up意为“大声地说”，根据后半句的信息便可知答案。 7. grasp vt.&vi.&n.理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧 grasp one's meaning理解，了解……的意思 grasp at急切的抓住 beyond/within one's grasp为某人不能/能抓住的，为某人不能/能理解的 [词语辨析] catch，grab，grasp与seize ①catch是普通用语，有“设法抓住、捉住”的意思。 She threw the ball and I caught it. 她扔出了球，我接住了它。 ②grab意为“攫取，抓住”，表示一把抓住某物，其所表示的动作粗野甚至侵犯到了别人的权利。 He grabbed her arm and pulled her out of the fire. 他抓住她的胳臂将她拉出大火。 ③grasp强调“紧紧抓住”，常指用手指、牙、爪等掐住、咬住；可延伸为“完全理解、掌握”。 I grasped the cat by the back of its neck. 我抓住了猫的后脖颈。 ④seize指“用武力夺取、占领或抢去”；也作“抓住，抓取”讲，强调突然用力不使其逃脱；还可指“抓住(机会)”。 He seized my hand and shook it heartily. 他突然抓住我的手热情地和我握手。 [考试题] (宜昌一中)I don't think you've quite ________ the seriousness of the situation. A. seized
B. grasped C. grabbed
D. caught 答案与解析：B grasp在此意为“理解。句意：我认为你还没有完全理解形势的严重性。 8. inspect vt.&vi.仔细检查 I got out of the car to inspect the damage. 我下车检查损坏情况。 The building is regularly inspected by the firesafety officer. 消防安全官定期视察这座大楼。 [词语辨析] inspect与examine ①inspect指“仔细查看是否有差异、缺陷或不标准的地方”。 ②examine既可以指草率地看一看，也可以指详尽地研究细节。 [预测题] You should ________ the car well before you buy it. A. inspect
B. insert C. install
D. insult 答案：A [用inspect或examine的适当形式填空] They ________ the work of the institute. The doctor ________ him carefully. inspected examined 9. pay off得到好结果，取得成功；还清 pay back偿还 pay for为……付款；受……的报应 pay up缴清，付清(应付的钱) pay a visit to参观 pay attention to注意 [考试题] (2010·贵港)Our efforts will ________ if the results of the research can be applied to the development of new technology. A. take off
B. pay off C. get off
D. break off 答案与解析：B 本题考查动词短语，take off起飞；pay off偿还，取得好结果；get off下车；break off折断。句意：我们的努力会取得好结果的。 10. commit vt.犯(错误)，干(坏事)；投入 commit sb./oneself(to sth./to doing sth.)承诺；保证(做某事，遵守协议或遵从安排等) committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 commitment n．承诺；献身，投入 make a commitment作出承诺 If you commit a crime, you can never escape being punished. 你要是犯罪，就逃脱不了要受惩罚。 He wouldn't commit himself in any way. 他不愿作任何承诺。 The robber committed suicide before the police could catch him. 警察还没捉住那个抢劫犯，抢劫犯就自杀了。 [考试题] (襄樊一中)The government is committed ________ industrial pollution. A. to reduce
B. to reducing C. with reducing
D. reducing 答案与解析：B commit sb./oneself(to sth./to doing sth.)“承诺做某事”，该短语中的to是介词，后接动词ing。 (荆州质检)I wonder such a gentleman as he should ________ an error, though it is a simple and small one. A. admit
B. tolerate
C. commit
D. ignore 答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。据句意，选C项。commit an error“犯错”。A项“承认”；B项“忍受”；D项“忽视”。 11. constantly adv.不断地，经常地 constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的；稳定的；忠实的 constant complaints 没完没了的抱怨 constant rain 绵绵不断的雨 constant trouble 时常发生的麻烦 at a constant speed 以恒速 a constant companion 忠实的伙伴 [预测题] B24During Chang'e I Satellite's flight to the Moon，it ________ adjusts its direction so that it can go into its programmed orbit. A．eventually
B．gradually C．constantly
D．continuously 答案与解析：C constantly指经常地、一直不断地重复同一件事，强调频率高；continuously 继续做下去，强调延续性。 12. hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇 hesitate to do sth. 不愿做某事，对做某事有顾虑 hesitation n．踌躇，犹豫，迟疑(不决) have no hesitation in毫不犹豫地 after/without a moment's hesitation 毫不犹豫地 hesitant adj. 犹豫不决的，迟疑的，有顾虑的 [考试题] (福建)We are at your service. Don't ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems. A．beg
B．hesitate C．desire
D．seek 答案与解析：B 句意：我们愿意为你效劳，如果你还有什么问题尽管找我们。beg祈求；desire希望得到(某物)，想要；seek to do sth.＝try to do sth.努力做某事。hesitate to do不情愿做。又如：Don't hesitate to tell us if you have a problem.你有问题就直截了当地告诉我们。
Unit 14 Careers 求职信 [典型例题] (湖北八校联考)你校英语外籍教师Emesto and Stasi暑假期间准备在本地开一家西餐小店，要招若干名高中生无酬打工人员。下面是招聘告示： Wanted! 4 middle school students Do service work and act as translators Healthy and helpful Contact：wfpub@ gmail.com 假如你叫李华，愿意应聘。请写封电子邮件，介绍自己来历，并说明你愿意应聘的理由。字数110左右。开头已写好，不计入总字数。 Dear Emesto and Stasi， I happened to have read your advertisement and decide to apply for the job. ________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [佳作欣赏] Dear Emesto and Stasi， I happened to have read your advertisement and decide to apply for the job. I'm a student of Senior Ⅲ from Wuhan. I've been very interested in English and intend to enter a foreign language college after I graduate from high school, when I shall be free during the summer vocation. So I decide to find something interesting to do and I think that's the very thing I like. Though I shall get no pay for the job, I'll be able to get some valuable job experience as well as practise my spoken English by acting as a translator for you. Besides, I'm so strong and healthy, and I really enjoy making friends with others, especially communicating with foreigners. I'll greatly appreciate it if I'm offered the chance and I'm sure I can be of great help for you. Looking forward to your early reply! Yours sincerely， Li Hua [名师点评] 1. 本文要点齐全，不偏不漏，全篇力求复杂句式。 2. When引导的时间状语从句，Though引导的让步状语从句，以及Besides, as well as, especially等词的运用为本文亮点。 3. 文中还有两处值得一提： interesting to do为something的后置定语；of great help＝very helpful。 教 材 自 主 回 归
1．i__________n．保险→________vt.保证，确保，为……投保 2．i________n．收入→w________n．薪金，工资→________n．退休金；养老金→________n．零用钱；津贴 3．i________n．机构，学院；vt.创立，设立→___________n．制度，习俗，机构，团体
insurance income wage pension allowance institute institution insure 4．i________n．片刻，瞬息→________adv.立刻，马上 5．j________adj.低级的→________adj.高级的→________adj.较高的，上级的 6．i________v．仔细检查→________n．检查员→________n．检查，审视 7．d________n．部门，分割→________adj.分离的，分裂的→b________n．分公司，部门 instant instantly junior senior superior inspect inspection division divided branch inspector 8．r________vi.回复，回答→___________n．回答，反应 9．s________n．奴隶→________n．奴隶制，奴役 10．q____________n．资格，资历→________vt.使具有资格；使合格→____________adj.合格的，胜任的 respond response slave slavery qualification qualify qualified 记记短语 1.________________________________(控制局势). Ask a small group to go to the nearest village to get help. 2．____________(编造)information about yourself. 3．____________(假装)you understand something when you don't!
Take charge of the situation Make up Make out 4．________________________________(非常详细描述)your personal life. 5．____________(大声说出)and express yourself clearly. 6．____________(坐直)and look people in the eye. Go into a lot of detail about Speak up Sit up straight 7．Being curious, working hard, and
_________________________(相信事实)made her the success she is today.
8．We could look in old nests to find birds' feathers and we would even ____________________ (翻动石头)to look at the little creatures there. 9．This __________________________(得到回报)because she won an award for the report. believing in what was true paid off turn over stones 10．Between now and the 21st century, citizens of the world's richest and most advanced nations will __________________________________________(将会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要)． 答案：10．find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change 11．Work with more than one program _______________________________________(以备工作之需), and try to read about new technology. 12．I think I would be a good journalist _________________________(由于我的语言技能)． 13．____________(此外)，I am also a good photographer, which might be useful for some of the articles.
in case you have to use them at work due to my language skills In addition 记记句型 1.____________(确保)they know what to do. 2．____________________________________(她一停止问问题)，I got up and went out of the room. 3．__________________________(是妈妈)taught me to be curious.
Make sure The instant she stopped asking questions It was my mother who 4．She said she chose to be a journalist because ____________________(是重要的)people grasp what is going on around them. 5．____________________________(毫无疑问)all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of working.
it is important that There is no doubt that 教 材 知 识 探 究
词 语 解 读
1. reward n．奖赏；vt.酬报，报答，奖赏 in reward回报 a reward for...因……奖赏/酬谢…… reward sb. with sth. for sth.因……奖赏某人……东西 rewarding adj.值得做的，令人满意的 As a reward for passing her exams, she got a new bike from her parents. 作为对她考试及格的奖赏，父母给她买了辆新的自行车。 I don't expect anything in reward; I did it because I enjoyed it. 我不指望得到什么报答，我做这件事只是因为我喜欢干。
[词语辨析] reward, prize与award ①reward指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。 ②prize指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖，这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。 ③award指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉，而不在乎奖品的大小或资金的多少。 [用reward, award, prize填空] ①She was ________ a medal for bravery by the local government. ②The police station offers a 10,000 yuan________ for the information about that murderer. ③The ________ they offer for the best story is a free trip to Europe. ④This is a ________ exhibit in the flower show. Isn't it beautiful? awarded reward reward prize 2. charge vt.收费，要价；控告；n.负责；费用；控告；管理 charge some money for对……索费 free of charge免费 in charge of负责 in the charge of sb.由某人负责 take charge of负责，看管 charge sb. with指控某人…… Don't forget to charge the money of the shoes to my account. 别忘了把鞋钱记在我账上。 The tax collector has been charged with extorting money from several shopkeepers. 收税员受到指控，罪名是向几个店主勒索钱财。 [解题警示] 当charge用作动词，作“收费”讲时，它的宾语不是被卖的商品，而是sb.，构成“charge sb. for sth.”的搭配。 [考试题] ⑤(福州八中质检)—How much do you ________ for repairing such a pair of shoes? —5 dollars, Sir. It's a reasonable price. A．spend
B．cost
C．pay
D．charge 答案：D ⑥(西安八校联考)—This is absolutely daylight robbery. —How much did that socalled teacher ________ for her teaching out of class? A. spend
B. pay C. cost
D. charge 答案与解析：D 考查动词辨析。charge...for (doing) something“某物(做某事)要价多少”，为习惯搭配。 3. aid n．&vt. 帮助；援助；资助 first aid 急救 go/come to sb.'s aid 援助某人 with the aid of sb.(＝with one's aid) 在某人的帮助下 hearing aid 助听器 in aid of 用以援助 aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 aid sb. in/with 为某事帮助某人 [解题警示] aid为正式用语，在日常生活中不多用；help含义较广，在日常生活中较为多用，几乎在所有用aid的地方均可用help代替，但在表示“救护”时，只可用aid。