第8讲
助动词和特殊句式(一)
考点1: 代词作主语 Nothing but stamps and envelopes ______ for sale.
A. are
B. is
C. are left
D. remain
Ⅰ.主谓一致
【解析】选B。nothing作主语表单数概念，谓语动词用单数。but后的名词不影响谓语动词的单复数。 考点2:
名词作主语 Apples of this kind ______ well.
A. sells
B. sell
C. is sold
D. are sold
【解析】选B。n. ＋ of this kind后的谓语动词由名词单复数来定。sell well 畅销，用主动表被动。 考点3: 两个或两个以上的名词连在一起作主语
The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. (2012·陕西卷 12)
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are 【解析】选B。考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是the basketball coach，是单数，根据shortly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故选B。 考点4: “the＋形容词或分词”作主语 The wounded ______ been carried to hospital already.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have 【解析】选D。“the＋分词”指人作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 考点5: 句子、短语作主语 例1：Most of what has been said about the Smiths______also true of the Johnsons.
A. are
B. is
C. being
D. to be 【答案】选B。 考点5: 句子、短语作主语 例2：Barbara is the only one of the athletes who ______ a winner of the 100metre race in our town since 1998.
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. has been
【解析】选D。 当one 之前有the 或the only/very/just时，定语从句则是修饰the (only/very/just) one 的，谓语动词用单数。此题中后有时间状语since 1998，故用现在完成时。 考点1: 强调句型的基本结构
It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ______ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. (2012·重庆卷 32)
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since Ⅱ.强调句型
【解析】选B。句子虽然比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that”。因此，正确答案为B选项。 考点2: not…until…用于强调句
It was not until ______ that I knew the truth.
A. you told me
B. did you tell me
C. had you told me
D. you have told me 【解析】选A。该句强调了not until you told me。在强调not…until…句型时要将not 与until放在一起，并且语序不变。 考点3: 对谓语动词的强调
She ______ that the film is not as commercial as some audiences are used to.
A. admit
B. is admitted
C. does admit
D. had admitted 【解析】选C。考查强调句的用法。句意为： 她一再表示，该电影不是某些观众所熟悉的商业化的电影。does admit用于表示一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时对动词admit的强调。故选C。 考点1: 部分倒装
The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ______ it a thought.(2012·重庆卷 33)
A. does he even give
B. he even gives
C. will he even give
D. he will even give Ⅲ.倒装
【解析】选C。空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。
考点2: 完全倒装 Out ______， still discussing the fashion show with great interest. (江苏南京金陵中学高三第4次模拟卷) A. walked a crowd of young girls
B. did a crowd of young girls walk C. were walking a crowd of young girls
D. a crowd of young girls were walking 【解析】选A。方位副词out 放于句首，后用全部倒装。即谓语动词全部在主语之前。
例1：—I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather.
—______. I can't stand all this rain. (2012·山东卷 31)
A. I don't care
B. It's hard to say
C. So am I
D. I hope so
Ⅳ. 省略，否定和替代 【解析】选C。 根据后面一句中的I can't stand all this rain可知，此处与上一句中的I'm sick and tired of the weather表达同样的感受，因此应该用So am I，表达“我也是”。选项A和D都与后面一句话矛盾；B的意思是“很难说”，不符合句意。 例2：— Will he fail in the exam?
— ______. A. Don't hope to B. Let's hope not C. Not hope so D. Let's hope not to 【解析】选B。考查用so, not省略前面提到的事，表肯定与否定。so可代替单词、词组、句子，作believe, do, expect, guess, hope, fear, imagine, suppose, think等词的宾语；not代替否定的句子，用法与so相似。根据句意“(让)我们希望他考试不要失败”和语法规则，为了不重复别人的话，表示否定意义时， hope只用(I) hope not的形式。
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